Disaster preparedness in Occupational setting

1. DISASTER PREPAREDNES IN
OCCUPATIONAL SETTING AND
ROLE OF NURSE

2. KEY PRINCIPLE IN OCCUPATION SAFETY AND HEALTH
MANAGEMENT
•• All workers have rights
•• Occupational safety and health policies must be established.
• • A national system for occupational safety and health must be
established.
• • A national programme on occupational safety and health must
be formulated
• • Continuous improvement of occupational safety and health
must be promoted.
•• Information is vital for the development and implementation of
effective programmes
•• Health promotion is a central element of occupational health

3. •• Occupational health services covering all
workers should be established
• • Compensation, rehabilitation and curative
services must be made available to workers who
suffer occupational injuries, accidents and work
related diseases
•• Education and training are vital components of
safe, healthy working environments
• • Workers, employers and competent authorities
have certain responsibilities, duties and
obligations

4. MEASURES FOR HEALTH PROMOTION OF WORKERS
• • Nutrition
•• Communicable disease control
• • Environmental sanitation
•• Mental health
•• Measures for women and children
• • Health education
•• Family planning

5. NUTRITION
•• Under Indian factory act, One canteen when number of
employees exceeds 250
• • Education of workers on the value of balanced diet
•COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL
• • Adequate immunization against communicable diseases

6. ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
• • Water supply Installation of drinking water fountains
• • Food Sanitary preparation, storage and handling of food Education of food
handlers
• • Toilet One sanitary convenience for 25 employees for the first 100
employees and thereafter one for 50
• • General plant cleanliness
• • Sufficient space The recommended standard is of minimum of 500cuft
• • Lighting Standards for illumination High precision work 50-75 foot candles
Regular work- 6 to 12 foot candles Corridoors and passages- 0.5 foot candles
• • Ventilation, temperature
• • Protection against hazards

7. MENTAL HEALTH
•• To promote the health and happiness of the workers.
• • To detect signs of emotional stress and strain and to
secure relief of stress and strain where possible
• • The treatment of employees suffering from mental
illness and the rehabilitation of those who become ill

8. MEASURES FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN
• (1) Expectant mothers are given maternity leave for 12 weeks,
• (2) Provision of free antenatal, natal and postnatal services.
• (3) The Factories Act (Section 66) prohibits night work between 7
p.m. and 6 a.m.;
• (4) The Indian Mines Act (1923) prohibits work underground.
• (5) The Factories Act, 1976 provides for creches in factories where
more than 30 women workers are employed
• Health education
• Family planning

9. PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE
•MEDICAL MEASURES
• Pre-placement examination
• Periodical examination
• Medical and health care services
• Notification
• Supervision of working environment
• Maintenance and analysis of records
• Health education and counseling

10. ENGINEERING MEASURES
•Design of building
•Good housekeeping
•General ventilation
•Mechanization
•Substitution

11. OTHER MEASURES
•Dust-enclosure and isolation
•Local exhaust ventilation
•Protection device
•Environmental monitoring
•Statistical monitoring and research

12. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH TEAM
• • Occupational health nurse
• • Physiotherapist.
• • Specialist doctor
• • Industrial manager
• • Supervisor
• • Shift in charge
• • Rehabilitation specialist
• • Labour welfare officer
• • Labour union representative.
• • Representative of voluntary organizations
• • Other invited members as per the need

13. FUNCTIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
NURSE
•• Primary prevention
•• Secondary prevention
•• Tertiary prevention

14. ROLE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSE
•• Clinician
•• Primary prevention
• Emergency care
•• Treatment services
•• Nursing diagnosis
•• General Health advice and health assessment
• • Research and the use of evidence based

15. ROLE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSE
SPECIALIST
•• Occupational health policy, and practice
development, implementation and
evaluation
•• Occupational health assessment
•• Health surveillance
• • Sickness absence management

16. •• Rehabilitation
•• Maintenance of work ability
• • Health and safety
•• Hazard identification
•• Risk assessment
• • Advice on control strategies

17. •• Home care
• • Cooperation of plant department
•• Special provision for services for women
and children
•• Creche work
•• Rehabilitation of the ill and injured
workers
• • Industrial plant survey

18. SCOPE OF OHN PRACTICE
•1. Prevention of ooccupational injuries
•2. Prevention of ooccupational illness
•3. Reducing work place hazards
• 4. Promotion of worker’s health
• 5. Restoration of worker’s health
(maintenance of worker’s health)

19. NURSING INTERVENTIONS
• • Treatment / Referral
• • Lung FunctionTest
• • Personal Protective Equipment
• • Health Screening
• • Early detection
• • Health education
• • Base-line health assessment
• • Elimination of substances
• Major Roles of the OHN
• Clinician/Practitioner (CMC)
• Administrator
• Educator

20. • Researcher
• Consultant
• Clinician/Practitioner
• Perform health surveillance
• Provide direct nursing care
• Collaborate, communicate and consult with Occ. Safety & Health
(OSH) team
• Maintain accurate, concise and complete records
• Initiate referrals to hospitals and clinics
• Conduct health screening programs
• Maintain professionalism and ethical conduct
• Adhere to legal requirements in exercising duites

21. ADMINISTRATOR
• Maintain awareness of technology, legal & professional changes
• 2. Formulates policies for OH and Safety
•EDUCATOR
• 1. Provide education programs to employers & employees
• 2. Promotes integration of OHN practice into nursing education
• 3. Utilise experts in OHS in planning & coordinating relevant education programs
•RESEARCHER
• 1. Participates in the development & implementation of research
• 2. Disseminates research findings to others through presentation, publication & practice
• 3. Incorporates research results into own practice
• 4. Collaborates with other members of OH team in developing & conducting research
• CONSULTANT
• Offer needed guidelines for Occupational safety norms

22. ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IN
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
• • CLINICIAN
• Primary prevention
• emergency care
• treatment services
• nursing diagnosis
• individual and group care plan
• general health advice and health assessment
• research and the use of evidence based practice

23. • SPECIALIST
• Occupational health policy, and practice development, implementation and o
evaluation
• Occupational health assessment
• Health surveillance
• Sickness absence management
• Rehabilitation
• Maintenance of work ability
• Health and safety
• Hazard identification
• Risk assessment
• Advice on control strategies
• Research and the use of evidence based practice

24. • MANAGER
• o Management
• o Administration
• o Budget planning
• o Marketing
• o Service level agreements
• o Quality assurance o Professional audit
• o Continuing Professional development

25. • CO-ORDINATOR
• o Occupational health team
• o Worker education and training
• o Environmental health management
• RESEARCHER
• o Health needs assessment
• o Research skills
• o Evidence based practice
• o Epidemiology

26. •ADVISER
•o To management and staff on issues related to
workplace health management
•o Agencies
•HEALTH EDUCATOR
•o Workplace Health promotion
•o Counsellor
•o Counselling and reflective listening skills
•o Problem solving skills

27. PREVENTIVE MEASURE
• MEDICAL MEASURES:
• Pre-placement examination
• Periodical examination
• Medical and health care services
• Notification
• Maintenance and analysis of records
• Health education and counselling o Practicing good personal hygiene
• Practicing good personal hygiene:
• o Washing hands and face before eating, drinking, going to the toilet, smoking.
• o Do not eat, drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics in areas where silica is being used.
• o Wear protective clothes and respiratory protection (Respirators must fit tightly.)
• o Before leaving work, shower and change into clean clothes. Leave dusty clothes

28. • ENGINEERING MEASURES
• o Design of building
• o Conduct air monitoring to measure the workers’ exposure to
crystalline silica.
• o Minimize exposures by controlling the creation of airborne
particles, for example, use wet drilling, local exhaust ventilation.
• o Personal Protective Equipments: Provide workers with protective
clothes, respiratory protection, and facilities for washing
(showers) and changing.
• o Enclosure / isolation
• o Environmental monitoring

29. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS
• Tyvek suit,Gloves,Goggles, Boots, Respirator
• FUME EXTRACTOR SYSTEM
• LABELING OF PRODUCTS
• Other measures:
• Legal measures: Measures to minimize dust emissions and exposure to dust.
• Law compliance mechanisms, including effective workplace inspection
systems
• Cooperation between management and workers and their representatives o A
mechanism for the collection and analysis of data on occupational diseases
• Collaboration with social security schemes covering occupational injuries and
diseases
• Training of health professionals in occupational diseases as majority of