Plate tectonics shapes the Earth's surface through the movement of tectonic plates driven by mantle convection in Earth's interior. The geosphere consists of a thin crust overlaying a thick mantle made up of solid rock that makes up 84% of Earth's volume and lies between the core and crust. The mantle and core are separated by discontinuities discovered by scientists like Mohorovicic and Lehmann.

1. Plate tectonic is
important in shaping
the surface of the
Earth
Geosphere
The primary driving
mechanism is the Earth's
internal heat, such as that in
mantle convection.

3. geologists

4. Reminder:

6. Geosphere’s internal
structure and surface
features
Consists of a 5-70 km
thick layer of oceanic
and continental crust
overlaying another thick
layer of rocks and
metals.
Continental crust is
thicker than oceanic
crust.

7. glass(SiO2 ) concrete (CaCO3) and steel

8. Mohorovicic
discontinuity

9. Andrija Mohorovicic
Croatia

10. The mantle is made
of solid rock, and
the largest part of
Earth and makes
up 84% of Earth’s
total volume.
It lies between the
extremely hot core
and the thin outer
layer, the crust.

14. boundary
between mantle and
core
Gutenburg
discontinuity

16. outer core is
in liquid form
inner core is solid

18. .

19. Lehmann
discontinuity.

20. Inge Lehmann “