1. Advantages and Disadvantages of
Migration of Skilled Indians to Abroad
(Brain Drain)
by V.A.Ponmelil (All rights reserved by the author) (Feedback)
The migration of skilled individuals to other nations is referred as the brain drain or the human
capital flight. This migration of talented individuals may be due to conflicts, lack of opportunity, or
health hazards where they are living.
In India, brain drain is more because educated individuals are emigrating for higher wages and
better opportunities. It has been in our consciousness since 30 years and many bright youngsters
have emigrated mainly to US from early 1960s onwards including a large fraction of the graduating
class at IITs in India.
Advantages
The money the emigrants have sent back home has helped in alleviating poverty in their homes.
It has resulted in less child labor, greater child schooling, more hours worked in self employment
and a higher rate of people starting capital intensive enterprises.
The money remittances have also reduced the level and severity of poverty.
Moreover, the money migrants sent back are spent more in investments such as education, health
and housing, rather than on food and other goods.
Disadvantages
Due to the influence of brain drain, the investment in higher education is lost as the highly
educated person leaves India and becomes an asset to other country.
Also, whatever social capital the individual has been a part of is reduced by his or her departure.
With all the college graduates leaving their homelands, it raises the question as to whether their
skills are being put to good use in the destination country.
The chances of Brain Waste are possible. I
n a similar way, there is a shortage of skilled and competent people in India.
A tremendous increase in wages of high-skill labour can be seen now in India.
The emigration has also created innumerous problems in the public sector.
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What are effects of Brain Drain for a country?
In today’s competitive environment, Brain Drain is a very popular and well understood term. Brain Drain is
mass migration of skilled workforce from one land to another. The land from where mass outflow occurs can
be seen as a sufferer of Brain Drain and the host land that is receiving skilled workforce enjoys the
enrichment of its skill pool which is known as Brain Gain.
So, whenever migration of skilled workforce takes place from one country to another country, then one
country will surely suffer from Brain Drain and other country will definitely enjoy Brain Gain.
2. Reasons of Brain Drain
In previous days, population was considered as strength of any nation, but now this holistic approach is not in
practice. A person with no skill and no capability is not an asset for a country. Governments rectify
the educational policy and HRD policy in order to generate more and more skilled people in the country. If a
country has a large pool of Doctors, Engineers, Teachers, Scientists, Lawyers, Managers and Technocrats
then the country will definitely have a strong representation in the world. This will foster the development of
country and will further develop human resources of the land.
But when skilled people of a country don’t get enough opportunities at home land then they migrate to foreign
countries for exploring better opportunities. This is natural to understand, a capable engineer will never waste
his time in his host country if he is not even able to find one decent job. Especially in today’s connected world,
where movement of labor is free between the countries, skilled people will never confine themselves in land
of limited opportunities. In fact organizations of developed countries intentionally attract the inexpensive talent
existing in developing nations.
It is a common observation that developing countries are biggest sufferers of Brain Drain. Simply because in
developing countries, growth and employment opportunities are limited; Moreover salaries and wages are
also less in developing countries as compared to developed nations.
Impact of Brain Drain
The country that suffers from Brain Drain, eventually lose all of its inner strength due to scarcity of skilled
domestic workforce. Scarcity of educated and proficient people in country put negative impact upon
the local industrial development. Multi National Companies avoid coming in such nation due to lack of
capable workforce. It also put detrimental impact on the development of basic infrastructure.
People of country suffer due to unavailability of doctors and engineers. National expenditure increases for
availing the services of foreign nationals in domestic projects. Basically, Brain Drain makes a county hollow
from inside and it is curse for developing nations.
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Brain Drain in Developing Countries
Sep 24, 2008
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The global opportunities have provided many doors for skilled workers and professionals all
over the world. The compensation presented by the developed countries is very inviting. Many
workers from the third world country are leaving their home to look for greener pastures. No
one can really blame them. They would rather sweat it out in a nation that promises reward,
than stay where they are, work as much, and earn way too little.
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One of the best examples of professionals who are seeking employment abroad is the
medical practitioners. Since the nurses are in demand in the different parts of the world, many
take up the course, work for about two years, and leave their homeland to wear their landau
scrubs somewhere else.
This is not only happening in medical industries. Engineers, pilots, and other professionals are
leaving their countries to try their luck in developed countries as well. Although this is good for
personal development, this is bad news for the local businesses.
Brain drain is slowly creeping to the veins of local industries. It is difficult because an
organization cannot stop a person from leaving the company. He is free to explore other
opportunities for the development of his potentials. However, it is very difficult for the country
to grow if it continues to lose its talented human resources. When an organization loses
talented personnel, there is a chain reaction. First, the organization has to find a replacement.
When they find a replacement, they have to train him. The organization cannot expect him to
perfect the processes after the training so he will incur certain damages. When he finally gets
his act together, the possibility for him to look for better job abroad presents itself.
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4. Although the local businesses want to keep their best assets, they cannot. This is simply
because local businesses could not match the compensation offered in the developed
countries. An employee who wishes to provide a good future for his family would opt to work
overseas where his income is six times greater than what he is earning in his country.
This also has adverse effect on healthcare industries. Some countries are losing their doctors
to nursing. There are doctors who give up their profession to take up nursing because of
better opportunities abroad. Nowadays, fewer students in the third world countries are
pursuing medicine, while doctors slowly shift professions. If this trend continues, the health
care industry in developing countries will surely suffer.
It is good to note that many developed countries are opening its doors for talented people
from all over the world. However, this has also caused threatening situations in some portion
of the world. Many nurses and doctors are leaving their country to wear their landaus scrubs
in a more prosperous land. Engineers, pilots and other professionals are doing the same
thing. If the government of these developing countries does not do something about it, they
will lose their prized assets. Now is the best time to look into the factors that will make their
professionals stay.
