Solar Peltier cooler design

International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 4, July-Aug 2020
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved Page 318
Design and Fabrication of Solar Peltier Cooler
1
Sanket Gayke, 2
Awdoot Kamble, 3
Bhavesh patil, 4
Atharva Lokhande, 5
Prof.A.P. Yadav
JSPM’s Jaywantrao Sawant College of Engineering ,Hadapsar , Pune, Mah. India
Abstract:
Design and fabricating a new a complete photovoltaic solar system using thermoelectric methodis great
difficult thing for small bottle cooling. This paper elaborates details of the new design details with all
simplifications for the thermoelectric cooling system. This system will be very much useful military usage and
remote areas mainly where there is issue of electricty. This system is made by a single stage Peltier coil.
Keywords: Peltier, heat flux, output power, refrigeration
Introduction:
To overcome the disadvantages of conventional
refrigeration system where compact and portable
refrigeration is required and to reduce the use of
conventional domestic power supply by utilization
of renewable energy source and there by reduction
of components of the vapour compression cycle.
Figure 1.Structure and circuit sketch of TEG cell.
As a drastic increase of use in renewable energy
sources in the commercial market various products
are coming forward in order to reduce the
conventional and non-renewable energy sources
which can thereby reduce the problem of Global
warming. As considering the consumer needs in
daily life very less products are available in the
market which can directly use the solar power and
produce chilling effect quickly. Below product is
the combined application of solar power,
conventional domestic power supply and the
principle of thermo-electric effect which brings
forward a technique named Thermo-electric
refrigeration and chilling effect.
Objectives
To develop a compact refrigeration system by
eliminating the conventional components.
To reduce the domestic power supply and to use
solar electric power eventually reducing overall
cost.
To achieve maximum evaporating temperature
in minimum time.
To develop an environment friendly product
without using refrigerant.
To achieve cooling at any desired time &
location.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

Methodology:
Store the electricity from solar panel to the
12 v DC battery.
The store electricity is further utilized for
the operation of thermoelectric generator
(TEG).
The TEG is Peltier module which one side
becomes cold and other side becomes hot
after passing electricity.
These cold side is used for the refrigeration
purpose.
The chilling effect achieved by the cold side
is conducted to the aluminium container as
the medium of chilling to the fluid and then
the fluid is chilled due to the temperature
drop by the aluminium container.
A Typical Thermoelectric System
Actual solar cooler model
Team-mate of the heat sink, is not visible. It’s the
ambient air with its temperature, where that heat
will be dissipated.
Some components are important in a total
application. These are example temperature
sensors, a software to configure and monitor the
TEC controllers, a fan and of course the power
supply.
Thermal Schematic: This schematic of a simple
thermoelectric system shows the objects, involved
in the path of the heat flowing from the object to the
ambient air. This is simple layout where we
assume perfect thermal insulator of the object, e.g.
temperature of the object have no influence by
convection. Where Q is = thermal capacity of each
piece.
The cooling system and the corresponding
temperature diagram seen at right. The object is
cooled down to -5 °C in supoose, at cold side of the
Peltier coil. The hot side of the Peltier coil at 35 °C.
The heat sink dissipates the heat to the surrounding
air = 25 °C.

Calculations:
Thermal parameters which to select a Peltier coil of
highest cooling capacity Qmax, Temperature
difference dT. Find Heat Load and get
Temperatures. We got object with a heat load of QC
= 10 W to cool to zero degrees .TO = 0 °C .Room
temperature got 25 °C and the heat sink temperature
TS got 30 °C. Temperature difference between the
cold and hot side of Peltier coil dT found is 30 . To
calculate dT as difference between ambient air
temperature and desired object temperature by
choosing a Peltier coil. We have to find a Qmax to
cover the needed QC and yields better COP. We
locate the maximum of the dT = 30 K curve at a
current of I/Imax = 0.45. Normally, this ratio should
not be higher than 0.7.
Using that factor for the current we find in the heat
pumped vs. current graph the value QC/Qmax = 0.25
for the given temperature difference dT = 30 K and
relative current of 0.45.
Now calculate Qmax for the Peltier coil Qmax =
QC / 0.25 = 10 W / 0.25 = 40 W. In the performance
vs. current graph we find COP = 0.6 for our
previously read out I/Imax. This tells us to calculate
Pel = QC / COP = 10 W / 0.6 = 16.7 W. Peltier coil
manufacturers offer a wide range of elements.
Element with a Qmax of 40 W. As we get a
temperature difference of dT = 30 K, a single stage
Peltier coil is sufficient. We selected Peltier element
with Qmax=41 W, dTmax=68 K, Imax=5 A and
Vmax=12 V. The current and voltage are calculated
as follows:
I = Imax * (I/Imax) = 5 A * 0.45 = 2.25 A
V = Pel / I = 16.7 W / 3.83A = 7.42 V
Selecting a battery: Based on the calculated values,
we select battry of 2500mah with 4 A output
current and 12 V output voltage.
Heat Sink: To find a heat sink for the Peltier coil ,
we need to know the required thermal resistance of
the heat sink. In the heat rejected vs. current graph
we find Qh / Qmax=0.6 for our chosen current and
dT. Thus, Qh = Qmax * 0.6 = 41 W * 0.6 = 24.6 W.
Calculation of the heat sink thermal resistance:
RthHS = ∆THS / Qh = 5 K / 24.6 W = 0.2 K/W
We need a heat sink with a thermal resistance
smaller than 0.2 K/W.The above calculations are a
first estimation of the parameters for a
thermoelectric cooling system. Testing of a real
system and iterating through the design steps is
necessary to determine optimal system parameters.
Scope:
By use of solar panels, charge the bottle in the
presence of solar energy and even charge the
bottle using the available power source
anywhere and anytime.
The bottle can be carried anywhere like any
other bottle due to its compact size and the
chilled water/beverage is ready in some
seconds.
As moving components are less, so the noise
and vibrations are negligible which increases the
life of the product.
The product is very likely to be useful in the hot
areas as there are less and costly methods for
refrigeration and chilling and it can be carried
anywhere as the product is portable.
Conclusion:
Peltier based solar cooled bottle is
designedand manufactured successfully to get
expected cooling effect.Current generated 2.25
Amp.voltage generated 12volt with 7.42volt
utilization by peltier coil.coficient of performance
0.6.with total system wattage 10W.
References:
1.Hazim Moriaa, Munner Ahmeda, Ashraf
Alghanmia, Taib Iskandar Mohamada, Yusli
Yaakobb. Experimental Study of Solar Based
Refrigerator Using Thermoelectric Effect (10th
International Conference on Applied Energy

(ICAE2018), 22-25 August 2018, Hong Kong,
China
2.Sabah A. Abdul-Wahab, Ali Elkamel, Ali M. Al-
Damkhi, Is’haq A. Al-Habsi, Hilal S. Al-Rubai’ey’,
Abdulaziz K. Al-Battashi, Ali R. Al-Tamimi,
Khamis H. Al-Mamari, Muhammad U. Chutani.
Design and experimental investigation of portable
solar thermoelectric refrigerator (Sultan Qaboos
University, College of Engineering, Mechanical and
Industrial Engineering Department, P.O. Box 33, Al
Khoud P.C. 123, Muscat, Oman)
3.Eun Soo Jeong. A new approach to optimize
thermoelectric cooling modules (Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Hongik University, 72-1
Sangsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-791, Republic of
Korea).
4.Trevor Hocksun Kwan, Xiaofeng Wu, Qinghe
Yao. Thermoelectric device multi-objective
optimization using a simultaneous TEG and TEC
characterization (School of Engineering, Sun Yat-
Sen University, China, School of AMME,
University of Sydney, Australia).
5.Jing-Hui Meng, Xiao-Dong Wang, Xin-Xin
Zhang. Transient modeling and dynamic
characteristics of thermoelectric cooler. (School of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and
Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China, State
Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power
System with Renewable Energy Sources, North
China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206,
China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow
and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy, North
China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206,
China)
6.Samira Pourhedayat, Application of
thermoelectric as an instant running-water
cooler;experimental study under different operating
condition (Department of mechanical Engineering,
Urmia University, Urmia, Iran)
7.Wei He, Gan Zhang, Xingxing Zhang, Jie Ji,
Guiqiang Li, Xudong Zhao, Recent development
and application of thermoelectric generator and
cooler,(Department of Thermal Science and Energy
Engineering, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei 230026, China, Department of
Architecture and Built Environment, University of
Nottingham, Ningbo 315100, China, School of
Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX,
UK)

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