Waste heat is by necessity produced both by machines that do work and in other processes that use energy, for example in a refrigerator warming the room air or a combustion engine releasing heat into the environment. The need for many systems to reject heat as a by-product of their operation is fundamental to the laws of thermodynamics. Waste heat has lower utility (or in thermodynamics lexicon a lower exergy or higher entropy) than the original energy source.

1. Project Seminar On
Fabrication Of Waste Heat Utilising Seeback
Generator
department:- first year (civil engineeering )
Submitted By:-
Vikas S. Rathod
Ashish Y. Chavhan

2. INTRODUCTION
•Waste heat is by necessity produced both by machines that do work and in other
processes that use energy, for example in a refrigerator warming the room air or a
combustion engine releasing heat into the environment.
•The need for many systems to reject heat as a by-product of their operation is
fundamental to the laws of thermodynamics. Waste heat has lower utility (or in
thermodynamics lexicon a lower exergy or higher entropy) than the original energy
source.

3. HISTORY
•Thermal energy storage, which includes technologies both for short- and
long-term retention of heat or cold, can create or improve the utility of waste
heat (or cold). One example is waste heat from air conditioning machinery
stored in a buffer tank to aid in night time heating.
•Another is seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) at a foundry in Sweden.
The heat is stored in the bedrock surrounding a cluster of heat exchanger
equipped boreholes, and is used for space heating in an adjacent factory as
needed, even months later.

4. PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION
•There are many different approaches to transfer thermal energy to electricity, and
the technologies to do so have existed for several decades. The organic Rankine
cycle, offered by companies such as Ormat, is a very known approach, whereby an
organic substance is used as working medium instead of water.
• The benefit is that this process can utilize lower temperatures for the production of
electricity than the regular water steam cycle. An example of use of the steam
Rankine cycle is the Cyclone Waste Heat Engine.

5. LITERATURE SURVEY
The utilization of waste heat energy from exhaust gas in IC engines is another novel
application of electricity generation using thermoelectric power generators. Basel (2009)
has analysed the thermoelectric power generation with waste heat recovery system and
concluded that such systems would be promising solution to the environmental issues
with many advantages.
Hou Xuejun and Xiao Peng (2012) have analyzed and evaluated the parameters such as
diesel exhaust emission rates and diesel exhaust waste heat rate

6. PROJECT OBJECTIVE
Recovery of waste heat has a direct in to the electric farm .
To reduce the environmental pollution levels by recovering heat.
To convert the one farm of energy in to the another farm
To reduce the size of extra consumption of light from grid

7. WORKING PRINCIPLE
The thermoelectric seebeck effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to
electric voltage.
At the atomic scale, an applied temperature difference causes charge carriers to move
from the hot side to the cold side.
A device i.e. Thermoelectric Generator is a means to convert the temperature
difference into electric voltage and consequently an electric current.

9. WORKING
The TEG consists of no. of themoelectric modules (TEM) that are made up of
semiconductor materials mainly Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3).
The TEM takes the heat from hot surface on either side being another side to be
cold. In this way a temperature difference is created.
Based on the Seebeck effect , the electrons and holes present in the
thermoelectric semiconductor will try to move towards the junction and make
the flow of electric current possible.

10. SPECIFICATION OF THERMOELECTRIC
MODULE

11. COMPONENTS UTILISED

12. THERMOELECTRIC MODULE

13. HEAT SHINK
A heat sink is a passive heat exchanger
that transfers the heat generated by an
electronic or a mechanical device into a
coolant fluid in motion. Then-transferred
heat leaves the device with the fluid in
motion, therefore allowing the regulation
of the device temperature at physically
feasible levels..

14. GAS STOVE
A gas burner is a device to generate a
flame to heat up products using a gaseous
fuel such as acetylene, natural gas or
propane. Some burners have an air inlet to
mix the fuel gas with air to make a
complete combustion. Acetylene is
commonly used in combination with
oxygen.
.

15. DRY BATTERY
A Dry cell is a type of chemical cells,
commonly used today, in the form of
batteries, for many electrical appliances. It
was developed in 1886 by the German
scientist Karl Gassner.
A dry cell uses a paste electrolyte, with
only enough moisture to allow current to
flow.

16. LED STRIP
A power strip (also known as an extension block,
power board, power bar, plug board, trailing gang,
trailing socket, trailer lead and by many other
variations) is a block of electrical sockets that
attaches to the end of a flexible cable (typically with
a mains plug on the other end), allowing multiple
electrical devices

17. PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM
GAS BURNER
DRY BATTERY
PELTIER ELEMENT
MULTIMETER
CHARGE
CONTROLLER

18. THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT
 The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences
to electric voltage and vice versa. A thermoelectric device creates voltage
when there is a different temperature on each side. Conversely, when a
voltage is applied to it, it creates a temperature difference. At the atomic
scale, an applied temperature gradient causes charge carriers in the material
to diffuse from the hot side to the cold side.

19. SEEBACK AND PELTIER EFFECT

21. THERMOELECTRIC MODULE
 By applying a low voltage DC power to a TE module, heat will be moved through
the module from one side to the other. One module face, therefore, will be cooled
while the opposite face is simultaneously heated. It is important to note that this
phenomenon may be reversed whereby a change in the polarity (plus and minus)
of the applied DC voltage will cause heat to be moved in the opposite direction.
Consequently, a thermoelectric module may be used for both heating and cooling
thereby making it highly suitable for precise temperature control applications.

22. WORKING PRINCIPLE
 A gas burner with thermoelectric unit installed inside the burner head to generate
electricity with waste heat energy. Gas flame at the edge of the burner head creates high
temperature source (hot side) for the thermoelectric unit. A heat sink is installed inside
the burner head and cooled by the fuel mixture. Electricity is generated by the
thermoelectric unit when the gas burner is in operation. The electricity generated by the
thermoelectric unit can be used to power electric devices.

24. ADVANTAGES
 IN VILLAGES AS THIS CAN BE VERY USEFULL.IF A FAMILY IS
COOKING FOOD ON CHULHA THIS PRINCIPLE CAN BE USED TO
GENERATE ELECTRICITY WITH PROPER ARRANGEMENT

25. PROJECT PLANNING
Project
Decision
Infor
collection
Garage
visit
planning fabrication testing submission
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
March
April
May
June

26. COST ANALYSIS
1) Thermoelectric module = 2 nos =500/-
2) Heat shink = 4 nos =800/-
3) Gas stove=1 nos =1000/-
4) 12 volt dry battery=1 nos =600/-
5) Led bulb =1 nos=100/-
 Total =2000/-

27. TheThe