Feeding More With Less: Soil Microbes May Help Farmers Adapt to Climate Change
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Presentation by Bill Davies at the ICAR2019 conference, as part of the "Role of the microbiome in sustainable agriculture" workshop
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Feeding More With Less: Soil Microbes May Help Farmers Adapt to Climate Change
- 1. Feeding more people with better food without trashing the planet: science and science comms (w.davies@lancaster.ac.uk) 1960 2010 Jiao et al. J. Exp. Bot. 2016 67, 4935-4949
- 2. Lake Tai – South China
- 3. Climate change and excess water use in agriculture in NW China
- 4. Outline of the talk • Context of the talk (producing more food while reducing environmental footprint of agriculture) • Water and nutrient stress limit plant growth and development • Why? Plant Growth regulator effects • Reducing deleterious effects of PGRs with soil microbes • Exploiting this effect to the benefit of smallholder farmers • Spreading the word to help address this global challenge (the role of the Global Plant Council)
- 5. ABA CK ETH + CK ETH ABA + ETH +….. ABA + AUX ETH Figure courtesy of Matthew Reynolds, CIMMYT
- 6. Abscisic acid and ethylene interact in wheat grains in response to soil drying during grain filling Jianchang Yang, Jianhua Zhang, Kai Liu, Zhiqin Wang, Lijun Liu, New Phytologist (2006) 171, 293–303 ABA/ACC Grainfillingrate ABA/Ethylene
- 7. Producing more food while using less water, fertiliser etc Collaboration with Fusuo Zhang and Jianbo Shen et al. at CAU. National Academy for Green Agriculture
- 8. Increased ACC/ethylene Reduced root growth Reduced shoot growth Senescence Changed morphology Bacteria that reduce ethylene accumulation Stress (Drought, Flooding) Plant Root Bacterium ACC ACC Deaminase Carbon Nitrogen
- 9. Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 64, Issue 6, April 2013, Pages 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert031 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details. Fig. 1. Shoot fresh weight (g) of WT plants harvested at 17, 22, and 33 days after planting in response to V. ... The rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2, containing ACC deaminase, promotes growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana via an ethylene- dependent pathway Lin Chen Ian C. Dodd Julian C. Theobald Andrey A. Belimov William J. Davies Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 64, Issue 6, April 2013, Pages 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jx b/ert031
- 10. Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 64, Issue 6, April 2013, Pages 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert031 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details. Fig. 2. Shoot fresh weight (% of control plants of each genotype) of WT, eto1-1, etr1-1, and ein2-1 plants in ... From Chen et al. 2013 J Exp Bot, 64, 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert031
- 11. Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 64, Issue 6, April 2013, Pages 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert031 The content of this slide may be subject to copyright: please see the slide notes for details. Fig. 6. Ethylene emission from mature leaves of control and uninoculated plants (WT and eto1-1). Plant leaves were ... From Chen et al. 2013 J Exp Bot, 64, 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert031
- 12. Xylem[ACC](nM) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Numberofnodules 0 20 40 60 80 Seedyield(gplant -1 ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 CON 5C-2 CON 5C-2 Well watered Drying Soil leafwaterpotential(MPa) -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 E4 (St P) E4 (St P) E1 (LEC) E2 (LEC) Local signaling Stimulate root growth and nodulation Long distance signaling Decrease xylem ACC concentration Maintain xylem ABA concentration Ameliorate shoot growth inhibition (ACC) Control leaf water status (ABA) Increase yield NumberofnodulesXylem[ACC](nM)Ψleaf(MPa)Seedyield(gplant-1) UC 5C-2 UC 5C-2 Well watered Drying Impact of soil bacteria (Variovorax paradoxus 5C2) and soil drying on growth, yield, water relations, chemical signalling and nodulation of peas in field soil Belimov AA, Dodd IC, Hontzeas N, Theobald JC, Safronova VI, Davies WJ (2009) New Phytologist 181, 413-423.
- 14. An Africa Programme LU Ghana
- 15. • Identify the target problem. Identify a collaborating team. Introduce examples of simple translatable science (in much of West Africa, water is in short supply). Can we overcome the effects of water shortage by introducing rhizosphere engineering to farmers? • In collaboration with GPC members, develop an on-line resource to support producers and smallholders in SSA • Face-to-face local training networks/farmer field schools • Farmer to farmer interactions • (we are still in the early stages of development – looking for more funding and partners) What GPC does via efforts of partners
- 16. Farmers’ network Agricultural practices platform Market Information New Agri-business and Start-ups Lancaster University (UK) Lancaster University (Ghana) N2 Africa and other projects Global Plant Council University of Benin Supply chain (Blue Skies etc) IWMI Ghana Agricultural practices App Market Info App Farmers’ School GlobalAgriculturalPracticesExchange(gapX) Ansah, Rufino and Davies, 2018
Editor's Notes
- Fig. 1. Shoot fresh weight (g) of WT plants harvested at 17, 22, and 33 days after planting in response to V. paradoxus 5C-2 inoculation. Bars indicate mean ± SE (n = 25–30). Asterisks indicate significant differences (P < 0.01). Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(2) [2013].This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
- Fig. 2. Shoot fresh weight (% of control plants of each genotype) of WT, eto1-1, etr1-1, and ein2-1 plants in response to V. paradoxus 5C-2 inoculation. WT plants were harvested at 29 DAP, while eto1-1, etr1-1 and ein2-1 were harvested at the corresponding development stage. Values are mean ± SE. Data for control, etr1-1 and ein2-1 were from two or three independent experiments and data for eto1-1 from one representative experiment; 25–30 replicates were used for each experiment. Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05; Tukey test). P-values are shown for two-way ANOVA for bacterial inoculation, genotype, and their interaction. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(2) [2013].This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
- Fig. 6. Ethylene emission from mature leaves of control and uninoculated plants (WT and eto1-1). Plant leaves were harvested when the floral stem emerged from rosette leaves. Values are mean ± SE (Col n = 12, eto1-1 n = 6). Different letters above bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05; Tukey test). P-values are shown for two-way ANOVA for bacterial treatment inoculation, genotype, and their interaction. Unless provided in the caption above, the following copyright applies to the content of this slide: © The Author(2) [2013].This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.