Twater profile

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2. Twater Profile
Integration of seismic hazard potential and
water line/facility data for earthquake
scenario modelling
GIS software tools, map
setup and presentation
References
Yeh, Jin-Hsun, 2017, "Current Status and
Application of Seismic Damage Assessment
Studies on Water Supply Systems", 2017 TELES
Seminar, Water Resources Department,
Ministry of Economic Affairs, 2017, "Public
Water Supply Raw Water Conduit Seismic
Wind
"
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 2

3. Twater Evolution
Programme
(year)
New/Updated
Mode
New/Updated
Information
Software
development/ap
plication
North Water
Office (95)
Pipeline damage
rate (v. 1)
North Water Division
Pipeline
TELES Line (v
. 1)
Water
Department
(99, 100)
Water analysis of
the pipe network
T
ai Shui 8 Pipeline TELES Line (v
. 2)
Early Assessment
Briefing Notes
(T
echnical)
Water Supplies
Department
(101)
Pipeline damage
rate (v. 2)
T
ai Shui 5 & 6 Pipeline Twater Prototype Early
Assessment Briefing
Notes (start)
Water
Resources
Department
(102, 103)
T
ai Shui 1, 3, 4, 7, 11
and 12 pipelines
North Water Office,
T
ai Shui 8 facilities
Early evaluation of
cloud services (Web-
GIS information site,
mobile app)
Water Supplies
Department
(104)
Facility
vulnerability (v. 1)
T
aishui 2, 9 and 10
pipelines T
aishui 4
facilities
Early Assessment
Cloud Services
(National Pipeline)
Water
R
2e
01s
8/1
o
2/u
4 rces
E
Water shortage
r
ar
a
th
t
q
e
ua
,ke
nR
u
isk
m
As
b
see
ssm
re
o
ntfand
Seismic assessment for
pipes over 800mm in 3

4. As
W
sa
ets
es
rment Process
System
ted
water
Water
supply
Water
supply
ers
Poten
tial
T
Li
u
b
e
n
e
Assessment
Mo
D
d
is
u
clo
eun
Twater Shock Damage
Seismi
c
events
Source
paramet
Earthqu
ake
Disast
er
Feede
r
pipe
s
Water
Water
guide
paths
Water
delivery
trunking
network
on
W
sta
at
tie
or
P
nurifi
c
ation
Plant
Press
urisati
With
pool
D
es
ig
n
e
S
z
Reser
co
vl
o
lec
itio
n
r Weifr
acilities
Water
Supply
Damag
e to
pipeline
s and
facilities
Comp
onent
Functio
n
Discoun
2018/12/4
bridg
e
sment and
Earthquake Risk Asses 4
Water
deliver
y
pipes
Water
distri
b
ution
pipes
pipe
Water
distribut
i on
network

5. Twater Patterns and
EstimatingF
E
e
aa
rtt
h
u
qr
u
e
as
ke Disaster Potential
Seismic activity, fault fracturing, soil liquefaction
Damage and loss
estimation Facilities:
Vulnerability curves (repair
unit price) Pipelines:
Damage rate (loss ratio)
Water System Model
Reservoir weir Water diversion path (diversion rate)
Water purification field (discharge rate) Water
delivery trunk pipe (delivery rate) Water supply
assessment unit
Distribution network (post-earthquake water delivery rate)
DiE
s
a
t
rth
rq
iu
b
ak
u
e R
t
is
i
k
o
As
n
sess
n
me
e
nt
t
an
w
d
ork (
2018/12/4 5

6. Post-earthquake water
k 1
j1
after the D (1 L) Dk Ok ( j j ) purificatiM
on plant
k
N
shortag
Fresh
rw
aa
tter f
su
o
pr
plw
iedater supply
Amoun
a
t o
s
f
s
w
e
ate
sr
sment u
Po
n
st
i-
t
sh
sock discharge
purificatio
cn
ap
sa
it
c
e
its
y of the water
Post-earthquake
capacity of the water
supply trunk p
M k
ipe from
the water pur
j ificat
1
ion
siteIt
n
o the waj
t
1er supply
assessment u
1n
L
it0
Post-earthquake
capacity of the
water
(Post-earth
sq
uu
p
a
p
kl
e
y
)/
W
da
is
te
tr
ributi
Deliv(
e
P
ro
ysN
t-o
ea
n
w
rt
o
n
h
r
e
q
kt
u
w
ak
o
e
r)
kDistribution
available to users
earthquake
Ok 1 j 1
Delivery Rate
L
Ok
j
network loss rate (Post-earthquake)
kth water purification site discharge rate
(Post-earthquake) jth water delivery
trunk rate for kth water purification
norm
al
time
s
by N water
(Water
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and

7. Water Supply Assessment
Module - Estimated Number of
V H H H [1 1 S ]assessment u
N
an
v
u
i
a
t
m
ila
b
b
e
lr
eof
household
s without
consumption per
Water OutaD
ges
earthquak
D (1 S ) 1
eaS
rtH
hquake T
N
ou
ta
m
l
d number of hh
ou
os
u
es
h
e
o
h
ld
o
s
lds
D
d
ber of
in the water w
su
ip
th
plw
y ater
d D / H
d
H
A
evw
era
at
g
e
e
rdaily water
c
so
hn
o
sr
u
tm
ag
pe
tion per
h
ra
ot
u
e
sehold Average
daily water
household after the
S D D
Post-
(Water
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and

8. Centre point/size/directional
angle o
N N
f the facility or pipe
CentrePoint
Main
directional
angles
l
Length
Faci
liti
e s
l
Equivalent
plane
dimensions
elin
es Centre
Point
Pip
Rupture
Fault Lines
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 8
Rupture
Fault Lines

9. Minimum distance of the facility or
pipeline from the fault rupture
urface
Floor
plan
Cutaw
ay
Facilit
y or
pipe
dc
de
l
Ruptu
re
surfac
e
de
s d
N Fault
Lines
|| Brid
s
g
ue
rfM
aca
ein
Ll
e
ingt
a
h
no
dfFault ay
AlT
ig
h
n
e
b
m
a
ri
e
n
d
n
g
g
t
le
e
Do
ef
formationFacilities or
line
Pipe
s dc
Up
p er
Plat
e
Und
ertr
max(0, C.C.C.C.
max(0,
dc 0.5 l sin | | sin )
d 0.5 l sin | |)
e
c
C.C.C. C.C.C.
C.C.C.
dc Distance from centre
l point to rupture
the clip
de=
Ti0
ltfa
on
rg
plo
esa
st
ible
cro
b
sr
s
e
in
ak
glo
ef
vf
e
a
lults
The shortest distance de of the
rupture
bridge from the fault
surface is used to estimate the
ip .7 exp de / 2)
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 9
mpact of the bridge on the
nearby soil rupture.

10. Vibration resistant and
Damage states ca
f
n
rb
a
e g
clai
sl
si
e
fied
c
au
s n
r
ov
ne
e
, m
s
inor, moderate, severe
and total damage Vulnerability curves: transcendental probability
curves for different damage states, including median and
coefficient of variation Vulnerability curves can be classified as
either hazard potential or structural response Depending on the
hazard potential factor, they can be classified as either seismic or
t v ability
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2
SpectralAcceleration, Sa (g)
or other seismic parameters,
such as PGA
1.6 2.0
0.00
P[DS
ds
|
Sa
]
displacemenN ulner
0.75
1.00
dama
S
g
e
e
vere damage
0.50
T
otally Damaged
0.25
o
n
e
Minor
damage Modera
te
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 10

11. Model for estimating the
Estimation of the
c
po
a
tep
ntia
a
l flc
ooi
r t
ary
ea
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 11
of a water
design water o
p
utput pe
i
r
f
da
iy
c
(in
ationst
p
atle
aint
The i
d
n
a
tm
era
pg
oe
lac
ti
o
o
rn
rem
sp
e
o
th
no
dd
ini
g
s t
u
o
se
ad
n
to e
ca
xC
l
c
c
e
o
u
e
rlr
a
d
e
t
a
s
e
n
p
t
c
o
h
e
n
er
d
e
a
ix
n
te
c
g
e
o
e
fd
e
a
d
x
n
n
ac
ce
tly
ra
0
t.e
5 t
o
o
r
b
m
e
ore
exd
aa
cm
tly
a0
g
.e
5 status
It i
v
saa
lu
se
su
smed that the ratio f of raw
Od
St
d
a
s
tu
os
d
fnb
Ae
sia
ng
po
in
ss
d
ib
al
m
ea
dg
ae
m
s
a
tg
at
e sitp
a
i te
for the water purification site
Best
Po
e
ss
tt
-ie
m
aa
rt
th
equake effluent failure rate at
T
dh
ae
m
d
m
a
n g
ae
xis
m
ta
u
tm
e ip
slane size for a
damaged condition is S
r
and redevelopment costs using the
CMD); i.e. the floor area of the water
treatment plant is approximately 0.4
√Q (in metres)
; redevelopment cost of about √Q (in
$million)
Flat size S p
i
Number of water purification units n
Area ratio in damage
Ar ,i min(1, 2 ) dn i
Sr
S
p
Ratio of water purification
units in damag
R
e
(d
1 stat
)e i
Ar ,i n
)
dr ,i min(1,
n
R(-) represents the
rounded operator
Post-shock
discharge rate of the
water purification
plant
5
i r ,i i
(i2
p d s )
O 1
water to effluent required for a2.2
water purification plant is related
to its post-earthquake effluen1
t r
O
ate
O

12. Reservoir weir (diversion path)
A series of raw water pipelines from the reservoir
weir to the large water purification site are
integrated as a water diversion route
For identification purposes, each section of raw water
pipeline is named after the node at each end.
Each section of raw water pipeline may consist of
any combination of tunnels, canals and pipelines.
The
or f
n
t and
The minimum value of
a proxy for
hydraulic capacity
pipelines is based o
low rate of individual raw water
he original design flow rate
the whole segment is taken as
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 20

13. Kaohsiu
ng Area
Diversio
n paths
Node and link
representations
0 5
kilometres
0 0.02
kilometres
0 0.05
kilometres
0 0.25
kilometres
Süd-
Chemie
High
Screeni
ng
Union
Line
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 13

14. (Water
Department
,
Fracture r2
a0
ti
1
o
7s
) in damage
numbers: correlation
with pipe diameter, pipe,
joint type, seismic
strength and permanent
deformation
RR max RRPGA , Damage Rate
plqf RRPGD (lqf )
p fault RRPGD ( fault ) ,
Pipeline/Channel
(PGA .
1)1.97
PGD0.728
RR 4.5 CS PGA CT
i i
PGA
RR 0.04511 C Si PGD Ti
PGD C
CS PGA
i
CS PGD
i
CT
i
Post-earthquake damage rate
due to seismic activity Post-
earthquake damage rate due
damage to pipe diamt
e
o
te
p
rermanent defo
D
re
m
p
ation
artm
ent,
of
016)
caused by
permanentth
defg
or
ro
m
ua
n
td
ios
n
urface o
Cf
ot
rh
re
ecg
tir
o
o
n
uf
n
a
d
ct
s
o
u
rrfoc
re
pipe
Correction factor for seismic
Correction factor for damage
material/connection type
BS T PGA 2 (PGA0.1) 0.1g PGA .6g
PGA .6g
PGD 100 cm
PGD 100 cm
i j
SiTj PGA
BRPGA
B
BS T PGD 0 01 PGD
i j
SiTj PGD
BRPGD
B
(Water
2
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 14

15. Raw water pipeline water
Formula (1) conductivity
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 15
exp (0.5nl nb )]
exp 0.5(nr nb )]
Formula (2)
exp 1.582 1 e(0.5nl nb )
)]
exp 1.582 1 e0.5(nr nb )
)]
l
of leaks
n Number
nb Number
of Breaks
n Number
of
disasters
r
In the post-earthquake hydraulic conductivity estimation for raw
water pipes, it is assumed that the effect of two leaks on
hydraulic conductivity is equivalent to one break
Based on the results of the estimation, if a raw water pipe may
have more than one equivalent break, it is assumed that the raw
water pipe may be blocked after the earthquake and completely

16. Water supply assessment unit for
water purification I
n
f
s
i
d
e
i
t
h
e
b
e
u
s
h
e
s
ld (w
L
U
Z
Uater
S
w
a
l
o
w
s
n
e
s
t
•supply main)
Ling Hau
Water
Ping
T
d
re
in
ag
tment
Wate
Prlant
eatment
Plant
Weng Park
T
r
Lake Clarity
Water
Treatment
Plant WaterPurification
Ground Kotan
WaterPurification
Ground
Fung Shan
Water
Lujhu
Water
T
reatment
Plant
P
i
n
g
d
i
L
i
n
g
k
o
L
a
k
e
C
l
a
r
i
t
y
F
u
n
g
S
h
a
n
(M
i
n
s
h
e
n
g
)
W
e
n
g
P
a
r
k
T
o
r
t
u
r
e
a
n
d
i
e
fl
d
h
u
t
N
a
n
z
i
g
a
n
g
z
i
g
u
a
n
R
e
n
m
u
D
a
s
h
a
S
a
n
m
i
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Z
u
o
y
i
n
g
G
u
s
h
a
n
L
n
ie
a
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m
e
r
g
i
n
g
E
x
-
G
o
l
d
L
i
n
h
a
i
n
Id
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
Z
o
n
e
F
o
r
m
e
r
t
o
w
n
o
f
K
o
m
i
n
a
t
o
m
a
k
n
i
j
i
D
a
l
i
a
o
T
a
i
F
a
t
n
Id
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
A
r
e
a
F
u
n
g
S
h
a
n
L
a
m
Y
u
e
n
Id
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
E
s
t
a
t
e
F
o
r
e
s
t
G
a
r
d
e
N
o
r
m
a
l
w
a
t
e
r
s
u
pl
y
W
a
t
e
r
b
a
c
k
u
p
n
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T
ar
re
th
aq
tm
ua
e
kn
etR
P
is
la
kn
A
tssessment and
2018/12/4 16

17. Water supply assessment unit
for water purification sites
(water supply)
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and 17
Water Purification Plant Water Supply
Assessment Module
Water supply
assessment unit for
water purification sites
Name Max.
dischargeabl
e water
(CMD)
Average
daily
water
output
(CMD)
Name of
Assessment
Unit
Water demand
(CMD)
Maximum
available
water supply
(CMD)
Average daily
water supply
(CMD)
Pingding Water
Treatment Plant
660,000 461,746 Inside the
bushes
71,757 57,896 50,741
Nanzigangzig
uan
220,687 221,052 172,520
Sanmin
Zuoying
Gushan
283,603 115,789 101,483
Fung Shan 144,604 115,789 71,038
Renmu
Dasha
65,964 115,789 65,964
Swallow's
nest and
field hut
19,267 23,158 -
Lake Clarity
Water Treatment
Plant
400,000 320,878 Sanmin
Zuoying
Gushan
283,603 228,571 182,120
Linea
Emerging Ex-
Gold
123,340 152,381 123,340

18. Water supply assessment of the
•within the unit
impact of trunk main da
In
m
tern
a
alg
wa
e
ter supply
n
Popi Pop j
ji1
(T
aiwan Water
Corporation, 2018)
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and
affecte
1
d
2
Pop
mains i Disaster
damage, ratio of water
Popi Number of people in
water supply area Ai
Pop T
otal population of
water supply assessment
units

19. Post-earthquake delivery
rate of water ma
W
ia
n
te
s
r supply trunk pipe
(≧ 800 mm) Post-
ea
ex
rp
th
1q
.5
u
8a
2k
1
ew
(0.a
5nlt
nbe
)
)r
]
exp 1.582 1
e0.5(nr nb )
)]
nl Number
of leaks
nb Number
delivery rate
nr Number
at Gushan, Samin of
Zuoying disasters
P
i
n
g
d
i
n
g
073D1 115,789 101,483
(
0
T
74
a
D
i
1
w1
a
1
n
4,28
W
6
a
91
t,
e
06
r
0
Corp
0
o
74D
ra
2
ti1
o
14
n
,28
,5
20
91,0
8
6
)
0
2018/12/4 Earthquake Risk Assessment and
S
w
a
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s
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u
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i
n
g
k
o
u
F
u
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h
a
n
(M
n
is
h
e
n
g
)
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e
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a
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(I
n
d
u
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t
r
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a
l
)
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p
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a
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a
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Id
u
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a
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h
a
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a
m
Y
u
e
n
Id
u
s
t
r
i
a
l
E
s
t
a
t
e
F
o
r
e
s
t
G
a
r
d
e
n
N
o
r
m
a
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a
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a
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p
The water supply pipe
Water Purification Plant Water delivery trunking
Name Maxi
mum
availa
ble
water
supply
(CMD)
Aver
age
daily
water
supply
(CMD)
No. Maxi
mum
availa
ble
water
supply
(CMD)
Aver
age
daily
water
supply
(CMD)
Pingdi 660,000
ng
461,746
Lake 400,000
Clarity
320,878