This PPT explains about Three phase fault analysis. This is achieved by using star to delta conversions. Edgefxkits.com has a wide range of electronic projects ideas that are primarily helpful for ECE, EEE and EIE students and the ideas can be applied for real life purposes as well. http://www.edgefxkits.com/ Visit our page to get more ideas on popular electronic projects developed by professionals. Edgefx provides free verified electronic projects kits around the world with abstracts, circuit diagrams, and free electronic software. We provide guidance manual for Do It Yourself Kits (DIY) with the modules at best price along with free shipping.

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THREE PHASE FAULT ANALYSIS WITH
AUTO RESET ON TEMPORARY FAULT
AND PERMANENT TRIP OTHERWISE

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Introduction:
 The project is designed to develop automatic mechanism off for a
three-phase project automatically resets the result after a short break, in
a temporary fault events as it remains capable of switching off in the
event of permanent failure.
 Three single phase transformers are wired in star input and star output
having input 220 volt and output at 12 volt.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
 The contact relays which are used energized from the output of
comparators in the event of fault conditions by tracking the input
voltage conditions for each phase at the input of the comparators.
 Two 555 timers are used, one in monostable and the other in astable
mode to drive a power relay that handles the load.
 A Set of switches are used to introduce LL fault, LG fault ,3L short to
get the comparator output to drive both the relays to disconnect the
load.
 Short duration fault returns the load immediately while long duration
shall result in permanent trip.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
 INTRODUCTION
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
 TRANSMISSION LINE FAULTS
 COMPARATOR
 555 TIMER
 RELAY
 WORKING OF THE PROJECT
 ADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION
Overview:

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Block Diagram:

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Fault types include:
 Single line to ground(LG)
 Line to line(LL)
 Double line to ground(LLG)
 Three phase balanced
Transmission line Faults:

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Comparator:
 Op amps & comparators look very similar
 But a comparator gives a logic output indicating the relative potentials
on its two inputs
 An op amp amplifies the differential voltage between its two inputs –
and is designed always to be used in closed-loop applications

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
 Potential dividers are connected to the inverting and non inverting inputs
of the op-amp to give some voltage at these terminals.
 Supply voltage is given to +v and –v is connected to ground.
 The output of this comparator will be logic high (i.e. Supply voltage) if the
non-inverting terminal input is greater than the inverting terminal input of
the comparator.
 If the inverting terminal input is greater than the non-inverting terminal
input then the output of the comparator will be logic low (i.e. Gnd).

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
555 Timer:
 The 555 Timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) implementing a variety of
timer and multivibrator applications.
 The original name was the SE555 (metal can)/NE555 (plastic DIP) and
the part was described as "The IC Time Machine".
 Depending on the manufacturer, the standard 555 package includes over
20 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistors on a silicon chip installed in an 8-
pin mini dual-in-line package (DIP-8)

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
PIN DIAGRAM OF 555:
The 555 timer IC is a simple 8 pin DIL
package IC.
It can:
be used as a monostable
be used as an astable
source or sink 100mA
use supply voltages of 5v to 15v
disrupt the power supply - use a
decoupling capacitor!

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Relay:
It is a electro magnetic switch
Used to control the electrical devices
Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here
Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Working:
 In this project two 555 timers are used 1 in monostable mode and other in
astable mode.
 When any push button is pressed for a short time the load is disconnected
only for that period indicating a temporary fault.
 If the push button is pressed for longer time then the astable timer s
activated and it causes a permanent fault and disconnects the load
permanently.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Advantages:
 Safety Equipment
 Work Complete Time to Time
 More Efficiency
 Reduce Losses
 More Reliable

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Applications:
 Substation
 Transformer
 Drives & Relay
 Transmission Line

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Conclusion:
 The concept in the future can be extended to developing a mechanism to
send message to the authorities via SMS by interfacing a GSM modem.
 Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On Temporary Fault And
Permanent Trip Otherwise is very useful to Engineering students.

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