Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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Just a review on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. I hope everyone finds it useful and resourceful. major reference is American Heart Association Guidelines if there is any mistake or somebody wants to make an edition please feel free to email me at sardar.saud@gmail.com By Dr Sardar Saud Abbas
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Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has evolved over centuries from early techniques like applying heat or cold to more modern practices combining chest compressions and artificial ventilation. The document outlines the history and development of CPR, indications for its use in cardiac arrest, guidelines for techniques like chest compressions and airway management, and potential complications. Proper monitoring during CPR includes assessing pupils, pulse, breathing and consciousness to determine if resuscitation efforts should continue or be abandoned.
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Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has evolved over centuries from early techniques like applying heat or cold to more modern practices combining chest compressions and artificial ventilation. The document outlines the history and development of CPR, indications for its use in cardiac arrest, guidelines for techniques like chest compressions and airway management, and potential complications. Proper monitoring during CPR includes assessing pupils, pulse, breathing and consciousness to determine if resuscitation efforts should continue or be abandoned.
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CPR involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to manually circulate blood to vital organs until a victim's heart can be restarted. It should be performed if someone is unresponsive and not breathing normally. The first step is calling emergency services before beginning CPR. CPR maintains oxygenated blood flow through chest compressions and rescue breaths based on the ABCs - Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Even imperfect CPR is better than no aid, so bystanders should attempt it and continue until emergency help arrives.
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2. It covers pediatric airway anatomy, the process of respiration, signs of adequate and inadequate breathing, assessing a patient with breathing difficulties, and properly administering a prescribed inhaler.
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This document provides information on basic life support from the American Heart Association. It discusses the chain of survival, recognition of cardiac arrest, stroke and foreign body airway obstruction. It then details procedures for adult and pediatric CPR, including airway management, rescue breathing, chest compressions and use of an AED. Key steps are outlined for assessing responsiveness, providing breaths, checking pulse and administering chest compressions and rescue breaths in a cyclic fashion for adults and children.
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth breathing to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs until more advanced treatment can be provided. CPR consists of 30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths, repeating in cycles until emergency help arrives. For children, CPR is similar but uses only the heel of one hand for compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute and a depth of at least 1/3 the chest diameter. CPR can double a victim's chance of survival from cardiac arrest.
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Basic life support (BLS) involves procedures to restore oxygenated blood circulation after sudden cardiac or pulmonary arrest until full medical care can be provided. It includes chest compressions, rescue breathing, use of an automated external defibrillator, and establishing an open airway. BLS is essential for resuscitating someone and can double their chances of survival if performed immediately by bystanders before emergency services arrive. The key steps of BLS include assessing the scene and victim, calling for help, delivering chest compressions, giving rescue breaths, using an AED, and placing the victim in the recovery position if breathing returns.
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CPR involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to manually circulate blood to vital organs until a victim's heart can be restarted. It should be performed if someone is unresponsive and not breathing normally. The first step is calling emergency services before beginning CPR. CPR maintains oxygenated blood flow through chest compressions and rescue breaths based on the ABCs - Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Even imperfect CPR is better than no aid, so bystanders should attempt it and continue until emergency help arrives.
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Dr. Mir discusses airway management, noting it requires both art and science. He emphasizes the anesthesiologist's responsibility to manage the patient's airway. The document then provides details on airway anatomy, evaluating the airway, and clinical airway management techniques. It describes tools for airway assessment including history, physical exam, special investigations like radiography and tests to evaluate anatomy. Overall, the document serves to outline important considerations for airway evaluation and management.
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used when a person's heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped. It involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to maintain circulation and oxygenation until medical help arrives. Basic life support (BLS) involves chest compressions, opening the airway, and rescue breathing without any equipment other than a face mask or shield. BLS aims to maintain circulation and oxygenation through chest compressions and rescue breathing until advanced life support can take over. Proper CPR technique is critical to maximize its effectiveness in saving lives.
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1. The document provides information about Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), including its definition, purpose, indications, signs and symptoms, principles, general instructions, standard method, algorithm and comparison of components for adults, children and infants.
2. CPR is a technique used to manually maintain circulation and ventilation when the heart and lungs stop functioning on their own. It involves chest compressions and artificial ventilation through breathing or using a bag valve mask.
3. The goal of CPR is to restore effective circulation and ventilation to prevent irreversible brain damage, and is used in emergencies like cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, drowning or drug overdose until definitive medical treatment can restore normal heart function
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions and artificial ventilation to manually preserve brain function until spontaneous circulation and breathing can be restored in a person experiencing cardiac arrest. The document outlines the key steps and techniques for performing high-quality CPR, including establishing unresponsiveness, activating emergency services, providing chest compressions, opening the airway, delivering breaths, operating an automated external defibrillator, and modifying CPR for children and infants. Special considerations are also discussed for choking victims, pregnant patients, and those with potential neck or spine injuries.
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The document discusses various respiratory emergencies conditions including asthma, ARDS, pleural effusion, pulmonary embolism, and COPD. It describes asthma as an airway inflammation causing wheezing and dyspnea, managed with bronchodilators, steroids, and education. ARDS involves widespread lung inflammation reducing gas exchange, requiring intensive care and ventilator support to deliver oxygen and pressure to damaged lungs.
Rehabilitation of patient with pleural effusion
1) Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery in the lungs, and can cause pleural effusions in about 30% of cases. Physiotherapy is an important part of managing patients with pleural effusions secondary to pulmonary embolism.
2) Physiotherapy includes techniques like incentive spirometry, chest physiotherapy, and exercises to improve cardiopulmonary function and endurance. Drainage of fluid from chest tubes is also facilitated.
3) As the patient's condition improves with physiotherapy, their ability to exercise intensifies and shortness of breath decreases, with the goal of restoring independence and fitness.
cardiopulmonaryresuscitation-171013103904 (1).pdf
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique used to manually maintain heart function and breathing in a person whose heart and breathing have stopped. It involves chest compressions to pump the heart and artificial ventilation to oxygenate the lungs until emergency medical treatment can restore normal heart function and breathing. The key steps of CPR include opening the airway, providing rescue breaths, and performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. Advanced CPR techniques involve use of equipment like defibrillators, endotracheal tubes, and resuscitation bags to improve oxygen delivery and restore a normal heart rhythm through defibrillation if needed. The goal of CPR is to prevent irreversible
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique used to manually maintain heart function and breathing in a person whose heart and breathing have stopped. It involves chest compressions to pump the heart and artificial ventilation to oxygenate the lungs until emergency medical treatment can restore normal heart function and breathing. The key steps of CPR include opening the airway, providing rescue breaths, and performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. Advanced CPR techniques involve use of equipment like defibrillators, endotracheal tubes, and medications to further support circulation and breathing. The goal of CPR is to prevent irreversible brain damage by maintaining oxygenated blood flow until normal heart function can
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a basic life support technique used to manually maintain brain and heart function until further medical help arrives. It involves chest compressions to pump the heart and artificial ventilation to oxygenate the lungs. The steps of CPR include assessing for unresponsiveness, checking for breathing and pulse, calling for help, performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute, and giving rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio. Advanced life support may involve use of an automated external defibrillator, endotracheal intubation, intravenous drugs and fluids, and other emergency medical interventions to restore normal heart rhythm and breathing. Proper and timely CPR can
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- 1. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation DR SARDAR SAUD ABBAS PG 2 ANAESTHESIA, KTH
- 2. C – Cardio (heart) P – Pulmonary (lung) R – Resuscitation (recovery) Definition: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure consisting of chest compressions often combined with artificial ventilation in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.
- 3. Causes of Cardiac Arrest 6 H and 4 T Hypoxia Hypotension Hypothermia Hypoglycemia Hypokalemia Acidosis (H+) Cardiac Tamponade Tension Pneumothorax Thromboembolism Toxicity
- 4. Phases of Resuscitation Phases Steps Phase I Basic Life Support C – Compression A – Airway B -- Breathing Phase II Advance Cardiac Life Support D – Drugs E – ECG F -- Fibrillation Phase III Prolong Life Support Post Resuscitation Care
- 5. BLS: It is life support without the use of special equipment. ACLS: It is life support with the use of special equipment (e.g airway, ETT, defibrillator) Chain of survival :
- 6. Activation of Emergency response Assessment: Check the victim for a response Shake shoulder gently Ask “are you all right” No breathing or no normal breathing Check for pulse (carotid) for at least 10 seconds
- 7. High quality CPR C A B Compression Airway Breathing Compression Rate 100-120/min Single rescuer = 30:2 In the presence of 2 rescuer chest compressions must not be interrupted for ventilation
- 8. Technique for Chest Compression
- 9. Assessment of the adequacy of chest compression Systolic BP: 60-80 mmHg Diastolic BP: > 40 mmHg Capnography at least 10 mmHg Problems and complication of chest compressions Rib fracture Fracture sternum Pnuemothorax Hemothorax Fat emboli
- 10. Airway Clear the airway Head tilt, Chin lift Jaw thrust Finger sweep: sweep out the foreign body in the mouth by index finger (not adviced in awake or convulsing patient)
- 11. Breathing Rescue breathing can be mouth to mouth Or mouth to nose breathing
- 12. Assessment of restoration of breathing and circulation Contraction of pupil Improved colour of the skin Free movement of the chest wall Swallowing attempts Struggling movement Return of a strong pulse Return of systemic blood pressure
- 13. Advanced Life Support ACLS includes Compression Airway management equipment's Breathing by advanced technique Defibrillation by manual defibrillator Drugs
- 15. Airway management equipment's Face mask Oropharyngeal airway Nasopharyngeal airway Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Endotracheal tube Tracheostomy
- 16. Breathing Expired air contains 16% O2 so supplemental 100% O2 should be used as soon as possible Successful breathing is achieved by delivery of a tidal volume 800-1200 ml in adults at a rate of 10-12 breaths/min in adults Advance technique include: 1) Self inflating resuscitation bag (ambu bag) 2) Mechanical ventilator in OR in ICU Ambu bag 21% O2, Ambu Bag with O2 supplement 45%, Ambu bag with O2 with reservoir bag 85% O2
- 19. Defibrillator Position On paddle is placed in the right infraclavicular region The left 5-6 intercostal space anterior axillary line
- 20. Drugs
- 23. Thank You