Explaination of Ashtang Yoga in hindi and english language. (Eight-limbed path )

1. ASHTANG YOGA OF PATANJALI
Unit -2

2. Introduction
 Patanjali’s 8 fold path offers guidelines for a
meaningful and purposeful life.(
पतंजलि का 8 अंग पथ एक साथथक और
उद्देश्यपूर्थ जीवन के लिए ददशा ननदेश प्रदान
करता है।)
They serves as a prescription for moral and
ethical conduct and self-discipline.(
यह नैनतक आचरर् और आत्म-अनुशासन के
लिए एक
ददशाननदेश के रूप में कायथ करता है)

3. Contd…
 This path direct our attention towards one’s
health and help us to acknowledge the
spiritual aspects of our nature. (यह मागथ
हमारे स्वास््य के प्रनत हमारा ध्यान ननदेलशत
करता है और हमें हमारे स्वभाव के
आध्यात्त्मक पहिुओं को जानने में मदद
करता है)

4. Contd…
 Etymological meaning : this word is
originated from sanskrit root word asht
means “eight” and “anga” means “limbs”.
So,
“Ashtang” literally means “eight limbed”
Ashtang path means “eight fold path or path that is
comprised of 8 parts or limbs.”

5. Contd…
 It is based on philosophy of yoga sutra
written by Patanjali. “Yoga sutra” supposed
to be written in b/w 400B.C and 100 A.D.(यह
पतंजलि द्वारा लिखित योग सूत्र के दशथन पर
आधाररत है। “योग सूत्र” को 400B.C और 100
A.D के बीच लििा गया था।)
 In yog sutra yoga is a means of mental peace.
(योग सूत्र में योग मानलसक शांनत का साधन
है।)

6. Contd…
 TheYoga Sūtras of Patañjali are a collection
of 196 Sanskrit sutras on the theory and
practice of yoga.(पतंजलि के योग सूत्र 196
योग के लसद्धांत और अभ्यास पर संस्कृ त
सूत्र का एक संग्रह है।)

7. It had 196 sutra written in 4 chapters. Sutra means
“a rule or formula from sanskrit literature”. The
word “pada” here means “chapter”.
Yoga sutra

8. By yoga in yoga phylosophy means control of the chitta. It is very
restless,so its control is very necessary. The ashtang marg is
necessary for its control.. Its written in four chapters:
समाधी पद-chapter on meditation, measures to control “chitta”,types of
yog.
साधना पद- अभ्यास पर अध्याय(chapter on practice and discipline,yoga
poses)
ववभूनत पद- chapters on “sidhhi” or power, internal stages of yogs)
कै वल्य पद- chapters on realisation/liberation,moksha)
Ashtang yoga is given in second chapter of Patanjali Yog Sutra i.e
sadhna pada. Under this chapter patanjali has defines eight limbs of
yoga that make realisation of GOD easy.

9. Yoga is
accomplished
by the purity of
the body,mind
and senses.
Eight fold path
has been
suggested for
its purity .
These eight
paths are:

10. 1.Yama (यम)
It deals with one’s ethical standards focusing on our behaviour and
how we conduct
Ourselves in life. (
यह हमारे व्यवहार और हम कै से आचरर् करते हैं, इस पर ध्यान देने
वािे नैनतक मानकों से संबंधधत है)
ये सावथभोलमक ववश्वास है कक " दूसरो के साथ वैसा व्यवहार करो जैसा
आप अपने साथ चाहते हो”!
Golden rule of
yamas “do unto
others as you
would have
them do unto
you”

11. There are 5 yamas
 Ahimsa : non violence of any form shouldn’t
be done
 Satya: truthfullness in both words and
thoughts.
 Asteya : non stealing
 Brahmcharya : discipline, continence
 Aparigraha : non-possesiveness , non –
attachment.

12. 2. Niyama (नियम्)
 Niyam, second limb has to do with self discipline
and spiritual observances. It deals with physical
and mental purification. Regularly attending
temples, grace before meals, reading spiritual
books and trust in omnipotent comes with it.
(नियम् को आत्म अनुशासन और आध्यात्त्मक
दिप्पखर्यों के साथ करना है। यह शारीररक और
मानलसक शुद्धध से संबंधधत है। ननयलमत रूप से
मंददरों में जाना, भोजन से पहिे अनुग्रह,
आध्यात्त्मक पुस्तकें पढ़ना और सवथशत्ततमान में
ववश्वास इसके साथ आता है।

13. Five niyamas are as follows:
 Saucha (शौच ्):cleanliness
 Santosa(संतोष): satisfaction, contentment
 Tapas (तपस​): spiritual austerities (आध्यात्त्मक
तपस्या), meditation
 Swadhyay(स्वाध्याय): study of sacred
scripture and one’s self
 Iswara pranidhana(ईश्वर प्राखर्धान्): surrender
to God.

14. 3.Asana (आसन)
 The posture practice in yoga comprises the
third limb.Through asanas we develop a
habit of discipline and the ability to
concentrate, both of which are necessary for
meditation.
In yoga sutra Patanjali defines asanas as “to be
seated in a position that is firm but relaxed.”
The body is a templ
of spirit, the care of
which is an
important stage of
our spiritual growth.

15. Rules of asana :
1. Force and pressure
shouldn’t be used on
body.
2. Breathing should be
controlled.
3. Relaxing asanas
should be done after
every asana.
4. stomach should be
empty.
5. Mild straching
should be done
before asans.
6. Diet should be yogic.

16. 4. Pranayam
 Generally translated as
“breath control”.This fourth
stage consists of techniques
designed to gain mastery
over the Respiratory
process. (आम तौर पर "सांस
ननयंत्रर्" के रूप में
अनुवाददत। इस चौथे चरर्
में ऐसी तकनीकें शालमि हैं,
जो कक श्वसन प्रकिया में
महारत हालसि करने के लिए
बनाई गई हैं।)
 There are three stages in
pranayam:
 Purak : inhailation
 Kumbhak : retaining of air in
lungs
 Rechak : exhailation

17. Contd…
 Breath is termed as “ prana” or “life form”. so
literal meaning of pranayama is “ extention to
life form”.(सांस को "प्रार्" या "जीवन रूप"
कहा जाता है। प्रार्ायाम का इतना शात्ददक
अथथ है "प्रार् में वृद्धध”)

18.  These first four stages of PatanajaliYoga
Sutra concentrate on
 “refining our personallity”9” हमारे व्यत्ततत्व को
ननिारना“)
 Gaining mastery over the body (“
शरीर पर ननयंत्रर् प्राप्त करना)
 Developing energetic awareness of ourselves (
स्वयं के ऊजाथवान जागरूकता का ववकास करना)
 All of this was necessary to prepare us for the
second half of ashtang yoga that deals with
senss,mind, attaining a hiegher state of
conciousness.(
इत्रियां, मन, चेतना की उच्च अवस्था)

19. 5. Pratyahar (प्रत्याहार)
 By pratyahar is meant “withdrawal of senses”
or “ deviate the senses from desires” in order
to make them introvert. (प्रत्याहार का अथथ
"इंदियों का प्रत्याहार" या "अंतःकरर् को इच्छा
से भिकाना" है ताकक उरहें अंतमुथिी बनाया
जा सके )
 Ptaya –prati- against, away
 Ahara- आहार- nourishment , food
 So,The whole word means “ withdrawal from what
nourishes the mind “जो मन को पोषर् देता है
उससे पीछे हिना"

20. Contd…
 The control of senses depend on mind
(chitta)(indriyan). Difficult and cont. practice
during pranayam and asana, determination
and sensual control can help to realize
pratyahar.(प्रार्ायाम और आसन के दौरान
कदिन और ननरंतर अभ्यास, दृढ़ संकल्प और
शारीररक आनंद ननयंत्रर् से प्रत्याहार को प्राप्त
करने में मदद लमि सकती है।)

21. 6. Dharna (धारणा)
 “Concentration of
mind or fixation of all
senses on a single
point.”(
एक ही बबंदु पर मन
की एकाग्रता या सभी
इंदियों का ननधाथरर्)
 Its verbal root is dhri-
धृ- to hold (पकडिा),
focus on one point.
 After the attainment
of this condition, yogi
become capable of
Dhyan.

22. 7.Dhyan
 by dhyan is meant to
practice the desired
topic. According to
patanjali
 “the constancy of the mind
in aim is dhyan”(उद्देश्य में
मन की त्स्थरता dhyan है“)
 Flow of desires become
uniform, sense of existance
is still there , ego is still
there.(
इच्छाओं का प्रवाह एक
समान हो जाता है, अत्स्तत्व
की भावना अभी भी है, मैं
की भावना अभी भी है।)

23. 8.samadhi
 In samadhi a person
remain aware of only
the aim.
 Ego dissolved and seer
become one with the
aim.

समाधध में व्यत्तत के वि
उद्देश्य के प्रनत जागरूक
रहता है। अहंकार वविीन
हो जाता है और िष्िा
एक हो जाता है।