The document outlines various internet protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and UDP, and their functionalities. It explains the significance of encryption and hashing in ensuring secure data transfer over the internet. Additionally, it highlights the use of algorithms for secure transfers and the importance of protocols in data accessibility and streaming.

1. PROTOCOLS

2. Internet protocols are the rules that
govern the functioning of the internet.

3. HTTP
• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
• Hyper means something that can be linked to
another piece of data, within the same
document or to an external document.

4. HTTPS
• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
• Padlock in address bar- secure with https
https://www.

5. Why HTTPS
• The data that is transferred over the internet
is encrypted using this protocol.

6. Encryption
• Encryption is the process of converting plain
text into a non-understandable format using
some algorithm.

7. Encryption
• It is a two way function where the data is
encrypted and decrypted for accessibility.
• Algorithms which are used for a secure
transfer of data AES, PGP are used for
symmetric and public key encryption
respectively.

8. Hashing
• This is one way function
• Used to get a fixed length hash value of any
data provided to the algorithm.
• Hashing algorithms like MD5, SHA-256 are
used to validate the digital signature of the
SSL certificate.

9. FTP
• File Transfer Protocol: It is used to transfer
files between client and server.
• Allows continuous downloading of files.
• It can be made secure by encrypting the data
using SSL/TLS certificate-FTPS or SFTP- SSH
FTP.

10. FTP
• Account for restricted access
• Entire website is not accessible

11. UDP
• User Datagram Protocol. This protocol is a
connectionless protocol.
• It is used for transferring the data with low
latency and loss-tolerating connection such as
live streaming.

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