QNT 275 Inspiring Innovation / tutorialrank.com

QNT 275 Final Exam Guide (New, 2019, 100% Score)
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1
To make tests of hypotheses about more than two population means, we
use the:
t distribution
normal distribution
chi-square distribution
analysis of variance distribution
2
You randomly select two households and observe whether or not they
own a telephone answering machine. Which of the following is a simple
event?
At most one of them owns a telephone answering machine.
At least one of them owns a telephone answering machine.
Neither of the two owns a telephone answering machine.

Exactly one of them owns a telephone answering machine.
3
In a one-way ANOVA, we analyze only one:
population
mean
variable
sample
4
The regression model y = A + Bx + e is:
an exact relationship
a probabilistic model
a nonlinear model
a deterministic model

5
For a goodness-of-fit test, the frequencies obtained from the
performance of an experiment are the:
objective frequencies
observed frequencies
subjective frequencies
expected frequencies
6
The mean of a discrete random variable is the mean of its:
frequency distribution
second and third quartiles
percentage distribution
probability distribution
7
A researcher wants to test if the mean annual salary of all lawyers in a
city is different than $110,000. The null hypothesis for this example will
be that the population mean is:

greater than to $110,000
not equal to $110,000
equal to $110,000
less than to $110,000
8
Which of the following pairs of events are mutually exclusive?
Female and no
Female and yes
Female and male
No and yes
9
In a hypothesis test, a Type I error occurs when:
a false null hypothesis is not rejected
a true null hypothesis is rejected
a true null hypothesis is not rejected
a false null hypothesis is rejected
10
You toss a coin nine times and observe 3 heads and 6 tails. This event is
a:

multiple outcome
simple event
multinomial sample point
compound event
11
The graph of a cumulative frequency distribution is a(n):
stem-and-leaf display
frequency histogram
ogive
line graph
12
What is the critical value of t for the hypothesis test?
2.441
2.449
2.733
2.738
13

An error that occurs because of chance is called:
mean error
probability error
sampling error
nonsampling error
14
A researcher wants to test if elementary school children spend less than
30 minutes per day on homework. The alternative hypothesis for this
example will be that the population mean is:
equal to 30 minutes
not equal to 30 minutes
less than or equal to 30 minutes
less than 30 minutes
15
A quantitative variable is the only type of variable that can:
have no intermediate values
be used to prepare tables
assume numeric values for which arithmetic operations make sense
be graphed

16
The p-value is the:
largest significance level at which the alternative hypothesis can be
rejected
smallest significance level at which the null hypothesis can be rejected
largest significance level at which the null hypothesis can be rejected
smallest significance level at which the null hypothesis can be rejected
17
If you divide the number of elements in a sample with a specific
characteristic by the total number of elements in the sample, the
dividend is the:
sampling distribution
sample distribution
sample mean
sample proportion

18
A linear regression:
gives a relationship between two variables that can be described by a
line
gives a relationship between two variables that cannot be described by a
line
gives a relationship between three variables that can be described by a
line
contains only two variables
19A continuous random variable x has a right-skewed distribution with a
mean of 80 and a standard deviation of 12. The sampling distribution of
the sample mean for a sample of 50 elements taken from this population
is:
skewed to the left
not normal
approximately normal
skewed to the right
20
Which of the following assumptions is not required to use ANOVA?
All samples are of the same size.

The samples drawn from different populations are random and
independent.
The populations from which the samples are drawn are (approximately)
normally distributed.
The populations from which the samples are drawn have the same
variance.
21
The model y = A + Bx is a:
nonlinear model
stochastic model
probabilistic model
deterministic model
22
In a hypothesis test, a Type II error occurs when:
a false null hypothesis is rejected
a true null hypothesis is rejected
a true null hypothesis is not rejected
a false null hypothesis is not rejected
23
Two paired or matched samples would imply that:
data are collected on two variables from the elements of two
independent samples

two data values are collected from the same source (elements) for two
dependent samples
two data values are collected from the same source (elements) for two
independent samples
data are collected on one variable from the elements of two independent
samples
24
What is the critical value of z for the hypothesis test?
-2.05
-2.33
-2.17
-1.96
25
A qualitative variable is the only type of variable that:
can assume an uncountable set of values
cannot be measured numerically
cannot be graphed
can assume numerical values
26
The alternative hypothesis is a claim about a:

statistic, where the claim is assumed to be false until it is declared true
parameter, where the claim is assumed to be true until it is declared false
statistic, where the claim is assumed to be true if the null hypothesis is
declared false
parameter, where the claim is assumed to be true if the null hypothesis is
declared false
27
For small degrees of freedom, the chi-square distribution is:
rectangular
skewed to the left
symmetric
skewed to the right
28
We can use the analysis of variance procedure to test hypotheses about:
the proportion of one population
two or more population proportions
two or more population means
the mean of one population
29
For a one-tailed test, the p-value is:

twice the area under the curve to the same side of the value of the
sample statistic as is specified in the alternative hypothesis
the area under the curve to the same side of the value of the sample
statistic as is specified in the alternative hypothesis
twice the area under the curve between the mean and the observed value
of the sample statistic
the area under the curve between the mean and the observed value of the
sample statistic
30
The mean of a discrete random variable is its:
second quartile
box-and-whisker measure
upper hinge
expected value
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QNT 275 Week 1 Apply Connect Week 1 Exercise

QNT 275 Week 1 Apply Connect Week 1 Exercise
Review the glossary in your textbook in preparation for this assignment.
Complete the Week 1 Exercise in Connect.
Note: You have only 1 attempt available to complete assignments.
1.
Define Ratio Variable.
A variable having values that are numbers which reflect quantities or
measurements.
A characteristic from a sample or population that can assume different
values for individual elements (members) of the sample or population.
A quantitative variable such that ratios of its values are meaningful and
for which there is an inherently defined zero value.
Facts and figures from which conclusions may be drawn, generally for a
specific study or issue.
2.
Define Inferential Statistics.
Efforts to mislead users of statistical information including biased
sampling, misleading chart, table and descriptive measures, and
inappropriate analysis or inappropriate interpretation of the results.

The process of using a sample of measurements/values to make
generalizations about the important aspects of a population of
measurements/values.
A sampling design in which we divide a population into subgroups that
do not overlap, then select a random sample from each subgroup
(stratum).
A sample selected in such a way that every element in the population has
an equal chance of being selected.
3.
Define Variable.
A variable having values that indicate into which of several categories
the value for the respective sample or population element belongs.
Data collected over several time periods.
A variable having values that are numbers which reflect quantities or
measurements.
4.
Define Stratified Sampling.

(stratum).
A qualitative variable value for which there is no ordering or ranking;
data values are not numerical and fit into categories.
A qualitative variable value for which there is ordering or ranking.
5.
Define Sample.
The process of organizing and describing important elements of a set of
values.
A subset of the elements in a population.
6.

Define Ordinal Variable.
A quantitative variable such that ratios of its values are not meaningful
and for which there is not an inherently defined zero value.
A qualitative variable value for which there is ordering or ranking.
7.
Define Descriptive Statistics.
(stratum).
The process of organizing and describing important elements of a set of
values.

8.
Define Random Sampling.
(stratum).
A qualitative variable value for which there is no ordering or ranking;
data values are not numerical and fit into categories.
9.
Define Qualitative Variable.
A variable having values that indicate into which of several categories
the value for the respective sample or population element belongs.
Data collected over several time periods.
The set of all elements about which we want to draw conclusions.

A subset of the elements in a population.
10.
Define Interval Variable.
A quantitative variable such that ratios of its values are not meaningful
and for which there is not an inherently defined zero value.
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QNT 275 Week 1 DQ 1
Tutorial Purchased: 6 Times, Rating: A+

What is the importance of statistics in business decision making?
Describe a business situation where statistics was used in making a
decision.
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QNT 275 Week 1 DQ 2
Select four variables, other than what your fellow students have already
selected, that could be measured by nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
scale. Classify them by measurement scale and select descriptive
statistics that can be used to summarize data. Use the following table
when posting your response:
Variable
Level of
Measurement
Descriptive Stat and
Justify Selection
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

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QNT 275 Week 1 DQ 3
How do we define measurement? What are various levels of
measurement? How do you select measurement levels when developing
a survey or data collection tool? Explain with examples.
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QNT 275 Week 1 Individual Assignment Statistics in
Business (2 Papers)

This Tutorial contains 2 Papers
Develop a 875-word response that addresses each of the following
prompts:
Define statistics with citation and reference.
Contrast quantitative data and qualitative data. Use two Peer Reviewed
references.
Evaluate tables and charts used to represent quantitative and qualitative
data.
Describe the levels of data measurement.
Describe the role of statistics in business decision-making.
Provide at least two business research questions, or problem situations,
in which statistics was used or could be used.
Use two peer reviewed references.
Format your assignment consistent with APA guidelines.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.

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QNT 275 Week 1 Practice Connect Knowledge Check
QNT 275 Week 1 Practice: Connect Knowledge Check
Complete the Week 1 Knowledge Check in Connect.
Note: You have unlimited attempts available to complete practice
assignments.
1.
Daily temperature in a local community collected over a 30-day time
period is an example of cross-sectional data.
True
False
2.

Time series data are data collected at the same time period.
True
False
3.
Primary data are data collected by an individual.
True
False
4.
A random sample is selected so that every element in the population has
the same chance of being included in the sample.
True
False
5.
__________ consists of a set of concepts and techniques that are used to
describe populations and samples.

Data mining
Traditional statistics
Random sampling
Time series analysis
6.
A sequence of operations that takes inputs and turns them into outputs is
a ____________.
statistical inference
process
random sampling
runs plot
7.
Processes produce outputs over time.
True
False

8.
_________ uses traditional or newer graphics to present visual
summaries of business information.
Data mining
Descriptive analytics
Predictive analytics
Association learning
9.
The number of sick days taken by employees in 2008 for the top 10
technology companies is an example of time series data.
True
False
10.
A population is a set of existing units.

True
False
11.
A(n) _____________ variable is a qualitative variable such that there is
no meaningful ordering or ranking of the categories.
interval
ordinal
ratio
nominative
12.
Judgment sampling occurs when a person who is extremely
knowledgeable about the population under consideration selects the
population element(s) that they feel is(are) most representative of the
population.
True
False

A population is a set of existing units.
True
False
Processes produce outputs over time.
True
False
Primary data are data collected by an individual.
True
False
It is possible to use a random sample from a population to make
statistical inferences about the entire population.
True
False
The term big data was derived from the use of survey data.

True
False
_________ uses traditional or newer graphics to present visual
summaries of business information.
Predictive analytics
Data mining
Descriptive analytics
Association learning
An example of a qualitative variable is the mileage of a car.
True
False
Any characteristic of an element is called a ____________.
process
set
variable
D)census

A sequence of operations that takes inputs and turns them into outputs is
a ____________.
random sampling
statistical inference
process
runs plot
Daily temperature in a local community collected over a 30-day time
period is an example of cross-sectional data.
True
False
An example of a quantitative variable is the manufacturer of a car.
True
False
Cross-sectional data are data collected at the same point in time.
True

False
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QNT 275 Week 1 Practice Set
The following table lists the number of deaths by cause as reported by
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on February 6, 2015:
Cause of Death Number of Deaths
Heart disease 611,105
Cancer 584,881
Accidents 130,557
Stroke 128,978
Alzheimer’s disease 84,767

Diabetes 75,578
Influenza and Pneumonia 56,979
Suicide 41,149
What is the variable for this data set (use words)?
How many observations are in this data set (numeral)?
How many elements does this data set contain (numeral)?
Indicate which of the following variables are quantitative and which are
qualitative.
Note: Spell quantitative and qualitative in lower case letters.
The amount of time a student spent studying for an exam
The amount of rain last year in 30 cities
The arrival status of an airline flight (early, on time, late, canceled) at an
airport

A person’s blood type
The amount of gasoline put into a car at a gas station
A local gas station collected data from the day’s receipts, recording the
gallons of gasoline each customer purchased. The following table lists
the frequency distribution of the gallons of gas purchased by all
customers on this one day at this gas station.
Gallons of Gas Number of Customers
4 to less than 8 78
8 to less than 12 49
How many customers were served on this day at this gas station?

Find the class midpoints. Do all of the classes have the same width? If
so, what is this width? If not, what are the different class widths?
What percentage of the customers purchased between 4 and 12 gallons?
(do not include % sign. Round numerical value to one decimal place)
The following data give the one-way commuting times (in minutes)
from home to work for a random sample of 50 workers.
23 17 34 26 18 33 46 42 12 37
44 15 22 19 28 32 18 39 40 48
16 11 9 24 18 26 31 7 30 15
18 22 29 32 30 21 19 14 26 37
25 36 23 39 42 46 29 17 24 31
What is the frequency for each class 0–9, 10–19, 20–29, 30–39, and 40–
49.
Calculate the relative frequency and percentage for each class.
What percentage of the workers in this sample commute for 30 minutes
or more?
Note: Round relative frequency to two decimal places. Complete the
table by calculating the frequency, relative frequency, and percentage.

Commuting Times
Frequency
(part a)
Relative Frequency
(part c)
Percentage (%)
(part d)
0-9 ? 0.?? ?
10-19 ? 0.?? ?
20-29 ? 0.?? ?
30-39 ? 0.?? ?

40-49 ? 0.?? ?
The following data give the number of text messages sent on 40
randomly selected days during 2015 by a high school student.
32 33 33 34 35 36 37 37 37 37
38 39 40 41 41 42 42 42 43 44
44 45 45 45 47 47 47 47 47 48
48 49 50 50 51 52 53 54 59 61
Each stem has been displayed (left column). Complete this stem-and-
leaf display for these data.
Note: Use a space in between each leaf. For example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(do not use this format 123456789).
3 ?…
4 ?…
5 ?…
6 ?…

6 A) Which of the five measures of center (the mean, the median, the
trimmed mean, the weighted mean, and the mode) can be calculated for
quantitative data only.
B) Which can be calculated for both quantitative and qualitative data?
Prices of cars have a distribution that is skewed to the right with outliers
in the right tail. Which of the measures of center is the best to
summarize this data set?
The following data give the amounts (in dollars) of electric bills for
November 2015 for 12 randomly selected households selected from a
small town.
205 265 176 314 243 192 297 357 238 281 342 259
Calculate the (a) mean, (b) median and (c) Is there a mode (Yes or No)?

The following data give the prices of seven textbooks randomly selected
from a university bookstore.
$89 $170 $104 $113 $56 $161 $147
a) Find the mean for these data (input the numerical value without the
dollar sign). Calculate the deviations of the data values from the mean.
b) Is the sum of these deviations zero (yes or no)?
c) Calculate the range (do not include unit).
d) Calculate the variance.
e) Calculate the standard deviation (round to one decimal place).
The following data give the speeds of 13 cars (in mph) measured by
radar, traveling on I-84.
73 75 69 68 78 69 74
76 72 79 68 77 71

Find the values of the three quartiles and the interquartile range.
Calculate the (approximate) value of the 35th percentile (round to two
decimal places).
Compute the percentile rank of 71 (round to two decimal places. Do not
include the % symbol).
Note: Round to two decimal places. Do not include unit.
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QNT 275 Week 2 Apply Connect Week 2 Case
QNT 275 Week 2 Apply: Connect Week 2 Case
Part 1
You manage the inventory for a car dealership. Your management would
like you to review current inventory on the dealership lot.

Review the Week 2 Data Set.
Create and calculate the following in Excel®:
Create a Pie Chart which summarizes colors of the cars in the sample.
Create a Bar Chart which summarizes the frequency of the models of the
cars in the sample.
Create a Frequency Table for classes of MPG, including Frequency and
Relative Frequency for the cars in the sample.
Calculate the mean Days in Inventory for the cars in the sample.
Compare that to the median and the mode.
Highlight the value that would be a better representation of the “typical”
price of a car in inventory?
Calculate the standard deviation of the Days in Inventory for the cars in
the sample.
Calculate the 5 number summary for the suggested retail prices of the
cars in the sample. This consists of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th quartile and the
IQR.
Note: Part 1 is not submitted. It is only to be completed in preparation
for Part 2.
Part 2

Reference your Excel® spreadsheet from Part 1.
Complete the Week 2 Case in Connect.
Sample Car # Color MPG Suggest Retail Price Option Package Days in
Inventory
1 Grey 27.6 $24,390.00 LX 1
2 Grey 32.4 $21,780.00 Touring 10
3 Blue 33.2 $21,149.00 Touring 28
4 Black 34.7 $22,069.00 LX 21
5 Blue 27.2 $22,532.00 Touring 16
6 Blue 26.6 $20,345.00 Touring 22
7 Red 37.3 $22,112.00 EX 12
8 Silver 34.9 $21,289.00 Touring 23
9 Silver 29.6 $24,871.00 LX 15
10 Silver 32.3 $25,389.00 EX 8
11 Grey 31.9 $25,998.00 EX 28

12 Red 26.4 $19,713.00 LX 55
13 Black 34.8 $25,213.00 EX 2
14 Silver 35.9 $24,467.00 Touring 33
15 Black 34.6 $21,402.00 LX 17
16 Black 33.3 $20,351.00 LX 14
17 Grey 33.1 $23,732.00 Touring 1
18 Red 37.5 $24,558.00 Touring 2
19 Red 27.8 $19,167.00 LX 18
20 Red 36.1 $19,903.00 Touring 22
21 Blue 28.8 $22,140.00 Touring 19
22 Red 26.2 $22,180.00 EX 41
23 Silver 27.4 $23,120.00 Touring 33
24 Black 34.9 $19,837.00 Touring 21
25 Red 36.5 $24,666.00 EX 31
26 Red 26.3 $19,446.00 EX 35
27 Blue 31.4 $23,954.00 Touring 11
28 Blue 30.9 $21,201.00 LX 3
29 Red 27.4 $21,346.00 EX 26
30 Red 36 $19,406.00 EX 31

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QNT 275 Week 2 Assignment MiniProject 3 2
You are employed as a statistician for a company that makes household
products, which are sold by part-time salespersons who work during
their spare time. The company has four salespersons employed in a
small town. Let us denote these salespersons by A, B, C, and D.
The sales records (in dollars) for the past 6 weeks for these four
salespersons are shown in the table below.
Week A B C D
1 1774 2205 1330 1402
2 1808 1507 1295 1665
3 1890 2352 1502 1530
4 1932 1939 1104 1826
5 1855 2052 1189 1703

6 1726 1630 1441 1498
Your supervisor has asked you to prepare a brief report comparing the
sales volumes and the consistency of sales of these four salespersons.
Use the mean sales for each salesperson to compare the sales volumes.
Choose an appropriate statistical measure to compare the consistency of
sales.
Make the calculations and write a 700-word report comparing the sales
volumes and the consistency of sales of these four salespersons.
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QNT 275 Week 2 DQ 1

Describe a business situation, other than what has already been selected
by fellow students or selected from the team assignment, where mean
and standard deviation can be used in decision making. Describe how
calculation of mean and standard deviation can help in making a
decision.
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QNT 275 Week 2 DQ 2
What are the various methods one can use to identify the shape of data
distribution collected for research study? Why it is important to know
the shape of distribution? How it can be used in decision making?
Provide examples other than those already posted in class.
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QNT 275 Week 2 DQ 3

Select an article from a news magazine or research journal where data is
displayed in a pie or bar chart. Describe the data displayed in the chart
and what conclusion you could draw.
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QNT 275 Week 2 Individual Assignment Activity Data
Set (Little Town Cafe)
Review the following business scenario:
You are the manager in a small town in the lake district of a Midwestern
state enjoys a robust tourist season during the summer months, but has
only a small population of residents during the off season. The
Littletown Café adjusts the levels of staff according to the time of year,
to coincide with the number of guests, with the tourist season typically
starting around Memorial Day each year. One wait staff employee can
serve 50 guests. When a bus staff employee is added, the pair can serve
75 guests. At 76 guests, the café adds a second wait staff employee, for a
total of 2 waiters and one busser. Analysis of guest numbers can support
future decisions about scheduling wait staff, dishwashers, and bus staff
for the café.

Download the data set.
Review the data in the data set.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you:
Explain why this is (or is not) a suitable sample of quantitative data for
the business scenario.
Evaluate the factors that would affect the validity of the data set.
Evaluate the factors that would affect the reliability of the data set.
Explain the steps you took to arrive at your conclusion about validity
and reliability.
Display the data set in a chart.
Explain briefly why that chart type was selected.
Calculate the measures of central tendency and variability (mean,
median, mode, standard deviation) for the data.
Explain the steps you followed to come your answer.
Interpret the measures of central tendency and variability.Whatare three
conclusions you can draw based on the data analysis?
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QNT 275 Week 2 Individual Assignment Business
Problem

I2 (Week 2) Individual Assignment: Business Problem: Prepare a paper
examining a business problem confronting your organization or an
organization you know of that you feel could be addressed through the
application of the business research process. Describe the problem. Then
present the research purpose and one research question addressing an
aspect of this problem. The question must contain the variable you will
measure. Discuss the measured variable. Use the business research
problem sample I2 as a guide. This paper should be between 300-600
words. Post to the individual assignment forum. Title the document file
"Business Statistics Research Problem I2".
Materials
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QNT 275 Week 2 Mini- Project 3-3 (Movie Data Set)
Purpose of Assignment
This assignment provided students with practice in understanding the
relationship of averages and standard deviation to make an informed
business decision about the gross income performance of each movie

genre. Students will learn to implement the use of these statistical
measures for better business decision-making.
Resources: Week 2 Videos; Week 2 Readings; Statistics Lab
Tutorial help on Excel® and Word functions can be found on the
Microsoft® Office website. There are also additional tutorials via the
web offering support for Office products.
Assignment Steps
Refer to Mini-Project Movie Data Set.
Analyze and write a report summarizing this data. This report should
include answers to at least the following questions:
1. Calculate the summary measures (the mean, standard deviation, five-
number summary, and interquartile range) of the total gross income for
each movie genre.
2. Which genre had greater variability in total gross income? Explain
why.
3. Draw a box-and-whisker plot of a movie's length of time (minutes) by
genre. Are there any differences in movie lengths when compared across
genres? Are there any outliers?
Use the mean movie gross income for each genre to compare the movie
opening gross income.
Choose an appropriate statistical measure to compare the consistency of
movie gross income.
Make the calculations and write a 700-word report comparing the total
movie gross income and the consistency of movie opening gross by
genre.

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QNT 275 Week 2 Practice Analysis Tool Pak Installation
QNT 275 Week 2 Practice: Analysis ToolPak Installation
Complete the steps indicated in the “Installing the Analysis ToolPak”
video to prepare for this week’s assignment.
Take a screenshot of the Data tab showing the installed toolpak.
Click on the Assignment Files tab to submit your screenshot.
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Complete the Week 2 Knowledge Check in Connect.
Note: You have unlimited attempts available to complete practice
assignments.
1.
In a statistics class, 10 scores were randomly selected with the following
results: 74, 73, 77, 77, 71, 68, 65, 77, 67, 66.
What is the IQR?
11.00
10
5.00
5.25
12.00
2.
A quantity that measures the variation of a population or a sample
relative to its mean is called the ____________.
range

interquartile range
standard deviation
coefficient of variation
variance
3.
An observation separated from the rest of the data is a(n) ___________.
absolute extreme
outlier
quartile
mode
4.
Quality control is an important issue at ACME Company, which
manufactures light bulbs. To test the life-hours of their light bulbs, they
randomly sampled nine light bulbs and measured how many hours they
lasted: 378, 361, 350, 375, 200, 391, 375, 368, 321.

What is the mean?
375
389.9
368
346.6
200
5.
In a statistics class, 10 scores were randomly selected with the following
results (mean = 71.5): 74, 73, 77, 77, 71, 68, 65, 77, 67, 66.
What is the range?
516.20
144.00
22.72
4.77
12.00

6.
Which percentile describes the first quartile, Q1?
25th
100th
75th
50th
7.
Personnel managers usually want to know where a job applicant ranked
in his or her graduating class. With a grade point average of 3.83,
Michelle Robinson graduated above the 93rd percentile of her
graduating class. What is the percentile rank of a student whose GPA
was the median GPA.
75th
50th
25th
93rd
10th

8.
All of the following are measures of central tendency except the
____________.
mode
range
mean
median
9.
Quality control is an important issue at ACME Company, which
manufactures light bulbs. To test the life-hours of their light bulbs, they
randomly sampled nine light bulbs and measured how many hours they
lasted (mean = 346.6).
378, 361, 350, 375, 200, 391, 375, 368, 321
What is the range?
58.5
191

3424.3
10,609
342.43
10.
The local amusement park was interested in the average wait time at
their most popular roller coaster at the peak park time (2 p.m.). They
selected 13 patrons and had them get in line between 2 and 3 p.m. Each
was given a stopwatch to record the time they spent in line. The times
recorded were as follows (in minutes): 118, 124, 108, 116, 99, 120, 148,
118, 119, 121, 45, 130, 118.
What is the mean?
115.5
148
118
114.15
45
11.

The local amusement park was interested in the average wait time at
their most popular roller coaster at the peak park time (2 p.m.). They
selected 13 patrons and had them get in line between 2 and 3 p.m. Each
was given a stopwatch to record the time they spent in line. The times
recorded were as follows (in minutes): 118, 124, 108, 116, 99, 120, 148,
118, 119, 121, 45, 130, 118.
What is the median?
118
115.5
45
114.15
148
12.
When establishing the classes for a frequency table, it is generally
agreed that the more classes you use the better your frequency table will
be.
True
False
**********************************************

List the simple events for each of the following statistical experiments in
a sample space.
One roll of a die.
Note: Separate your response with a comma (,). For example 22, 23, 24
Three tosses of a coin.
Note: Use this notation for your answer. heads = H. tails = T. For
example HT, TH
One toss of a coin and one roll of a die.
Note: Use this notation. Heads = H or numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 for the
dice. For example
H1 indicates heads and dice roll equal to 1.

Two students are randomly selected from a statistics class, and it is
observed whether or not they suffer from math anxiety. Indicate which
are simple and which are compound events.
Both students suffer from math anxiety.
Exactly one student suffers from math anxiety.
The first student does not suffer and the second suffers from math
anxiety.
None of the students suffers from math anxiety.
A hat contains 40 marbles. Of them, 18 are red and 22 are green. If one
marble is randomly selected out of this hat.
What is the probability that this marble is red (round to two decimal
places)?
What is the probability that this marble is green (round to two decimal
places?
Two thousand randomly selected adults were asked whether or not they
have ever shopped on the Internet. The following table gives a two-way
classification of the responses.

Have Shopped Have Never Shopped
Male 500 700
Female 300 500
If one adult is selected at random from these 2000 adults, find the
probability that this adult has never shopped on the Internet.
probability that this adult is a male.
probability that this adult has shopped on the Internet given that this
adult is a female.
probability that this adult is a male given that this adult has never
shopped on the Internet.
Find the joint probability of AAand BB for the following.
P(A)=.36and P(B|A)=.87
P(B)=.53and P(A|B)=.22

Classify each of the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
The time left on a parking meter
The number of bats broken by a major league baseball team in a season
The number of cars in a parking lot at a given time
The price of a car
The number of cars crossing a bridge on a given day
The time spent by a physician examining a patient
The number of books in a student’s bag
7. The following table gives the probability distribution of a discrete
random variable x.
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(x) .11 .19 .28 .15 .12 .09 .06
Find the following probabilities.

P(1≤x≤4)
Probability that xassumes a value less than 4.
Probability that xassumes a value greater than 2.
A limousine has eight tires on it. A fleet of such limos was fit with a
batch of tires that mistakenly passed quality testing. The following table
lists the probability distribution of the number of defective tires on this
fleet of limos where xxrepresents the number of defective tires on a limo
and P(x) is the corresponding probability.
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
P(x) .0454 .1723 .2838 .2669 .1569 .0585 .0139 .0015 .0008

Calculate the mean and standard deviation of this probability
distribution. Give a brief interpretation of the values of the mean and
standard deviation.
Let xxbe a discrete random variable that possesses a binomial
distribution. Using the binomial formula, find the following
probabilities.
p(5) for n=8and p=.70
p(3) for n=4and p=.40
Verify your answers by using Table I of Appendix B.
Let xbe a discrete random variable that possesses a binomial
distribution.
What is the mean (round to three decimal places)
What is the standard deviation of the probability distribution (round to
three decimal places)?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 2 Quiz

QNT 275 Week 2 Quiz
1. In order to summarize qualitative data, a useful tool is a
__________.
2. A stem-and-leaf diagram is constructed by separating each value
of a data set into two parts. What are these parts?
3. A recent survey of 200 small firms (annual revenue less than $10
million) asked whether an increase in the minimum wage would cause
the firm to decrease capital spending. Possible responses to the survey
question were: "Yes," "No," or "Don't Know." These data are best
classified as ____________.
4. The accompanying chart shows the numbers of books written by
each author in a collection of cookbooks. What type of chart is this?
5. A population consists of _________________.
6. Which of the following variables is quantitative?
7. Which of the following represents a population and a sample
from that population?

8. ABC Plumbing wants to understand its customers’ perceptions of
the quality of the company’s plumbing service calls. They plan to survey
a sample of its customer base. What will ABC need to do to ensure that
their data is valid and reliable?
9. Which of the following variables is qualitative?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 Apply: Connect Week 3 Case
Part 1
Three hundred consumers between 21 and 49 years old were randomly
selected. After sampling a new wine cooler, each was asked to rate the
appeal of the phrase: “Not sweet like wine coolers, not filling like beer,
and more refreshing than wine or mixed drinks” as it relates to the new
wine cooler. The rating was made on a scale from 1 to 5, with 5
representing “extremely appealing” and with 1 representing “not at all
appealing”.

As a manager overseeing the development of the concept, you bottle the
wine cooler and placed it into distribution in one test store.
Your manager has asked you to assess the data and determine the most
likely customer based on the ratings. Additionally, your manager would
like you to review sales in the test store.
Use the Week 3 Data Set to create and calculate the following in
Excel®:
Estimate the probability that a randomly selected 21 to 49 year old
consumer:
Would give the phrase a rating of 5
Would give the phrase a rating of 3 or higher
Is in the 21-24 age group
Is a male who gives the phrase a rating of 4
Is a 35 to 49 year old who gives the phrase a rating of 1
Based on the probabilities for the ratings of 4 and 5, which age/gender
demographic would be the best target audience for the new concept?
Create a probability distribution using the data which shows how many
cartons of the wine cooler were bought per customer in a month.
Calculate the mean and the standard deviation of your probability
distribution.

Calculate the probability that exactly 3 six packs will be bought in a
month.
Calculate the probability that between 4 and 8 six packs will be bought
in a month.
Calculate the probability that at least 5 six packs will be bought in a
month.
Calculate the probability that no more than 5 six packs will be bought in
a month.
Create a relative frequency distribution based on the wine cooler
drinking temperatures.
Create 6 bins with the same interval in each.
Create a histogram
Considering the mean and standard deviation for the ideal drinking
temperature:
Calculate z values then refer to Table 6.1 – Cumulative Areas Under the
Standard Normal Curve
Calculate the probability of the wine cooler being less than 45 degrees.
Calculate the probability of the wine cooler being greater than 60
degrees.
Calculate the percentage of wine coolers served at the ideal temperature,
between 49 and 55 degrees.
Part 2
Reference your Excel® spreadsheet from Part 1.

Complete the Week 3 Case in Connect.
RESULTS OF CONCEPT RATING FOR NEW WINE COOLER
Rating of the appeal of the phrase as it relates to the new wine cooler
Total Sample Gender Age
Male Female 21 – 24 25 -34 35-49
Extremely appealing (5) 151 68 83 48 63 40
Somewhat appealing (4) 91 51 40 36 32 23
Neither appealing nor not appealing (3) 36 21 15 9 16 11
Somewhat unappealing (2) 13 7 6 4 6 3
Not at all appealing (1) 9 3 6 4 3 2
QUANTITY PURCHASED PER PERSON IN ONE MONTH
# of six packs purchased # people who purchased this amount

0 7
1 6
2 6
3 13
4 14
5 12
6 10
7 5
8 5
9 5
10 2
IDEAL TEMPERATURE
40
41
41
41
42
42

43
44
44
47
47
47
47
48
49
49
49
51
54
54
55
55
55
56
56
57

58
62
62
62
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 CLO Business Decision Making Project
Part 1 (2 Papers)
CLO Business Decision-Making Project Part 1
Identify a business problem or opportunity at a company where you
work or with which you're familiar. This will be a business problem that
you use for the individual assignments in Weeks 3-5. It should be a

problem/opportunity for which gathering and analyzing some type of
data would help you understand the problem/opportunity better.
Identify a research variable within the problem/opportunity that could be
measured with some type of data collection.
Consider methods for collecting a suitable sample of either qualitative or
quantitative data for the variable.
Consider how you will know if the data collection method would be
valid and reliable.
Develop a 1,050-word analysis to describe a company, problem, and
variable.
Include the following in your submission:
• Identify the name and description of the selected company,
• Describe the problem at that company,
• Identify one research variable from that problem,
• Describe the methods you would use for collecting a suitable sample of
either qualitative or quantitative data for the variable (Note: do not
actually collect any data)
• Analyze how you will know if the data collection method would
generate valid and reliable data (Note: do not actually collect any data)
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 DQ 1

An oil change shop advertised to change oil within 15 minutes. Based on
the data collected on a typical day, what is the probability that oil change
will take 15 minutes or less time? Based on the data, do you think the
business claim is valid? Explain why or why not.
Class Interval Frequency
6 to 10 minutes 3
11 to 15 minutes 8
16 to 20 minutes 6
21 to 25 minutes 2
More than 25
Minutes
1
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 DQ 2

What are some conditions under which business decisions are made
using subjective probability concepts? Provide at least two examples of
subjective probability.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 DQ 3
What are the characteristics of standard normal distribution? The HR
department of an organization collects data on employees' age, salary,
level of education, gender, and ethnicity. Which data do you think is
more likely to follow normal distribution? Explain why.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 Individual Assignment Descriptive
Statistics (Score 85%)

Individual Assignment: Descriptive Statistics:
Identify a research problem different from the previous research
problems that uses two different sets of the same type of data. Example:
Sales from two different months or years. GPA's of men and women.
Number of two different shelf items sold (Coke & Pepsi) by month over
a year. Home sales prices in different suburbs, cities, counties or states.
You wish to determine if there is a significant difference between the
means of the data sets. Select data that have absolute zero measurements
(Ratio data). You may use recorded data or made up data. The n sample
size should be at least 10 in each set, but not more than 20. Prepare a
paper describing the research problem, research purpose and one
research question. Include a definition of the variables you are
measuring. List the data. List alpha, the null and alternative hypothesis,
and give a brief back ground. Do MegaStat descriptive statistics on the
data and do data analysis describing the data. Do runs plot graphs.
Interpret the Goodness of Fit (GOF) p-value to decide if the data is
parametric (normal) or nonparametric. Conclude. Use the sample I3
Descriptive Statistics as a guide. This paper should be between 700-1000
words. Post as an Individual Assignment. Title the document file
"Descriptive Statistics I3".
**********************************************

1.
A plant manager knows that the number of boxes of supplies received
weekly is normally distributed with a mean of 200 and a standard
deviation of 20. What percentage of the time will fewer than 160 boxes
of supplies arrive in a week?
2.28%
4.56%
42.07%
57.93%
P(x < 160) = P(z < (160 − 200)/20) = P(z < −2) = 0.0228
2.
The z value tells us the number of standard deviations that a value x is
from the mean.
True
False

3.
An event is a collection of sample space outcomes.
True
False
4.
Determine whether these two events are mutually exclusive: consumer
with an unlisted phone number and a consumer who does not drive.
not mutually exclusive
mutually exclusive
5.
Determine whether these two events are mutually exclusive: unmarried
person and a person with an employed spouse.
not mutually exclusive

mutually exclusive
6.
Which of the following statements about the binomial distribution is not
correct?
Each trial results in a success or failure.
Trials are independent of each other.
The experiment consists of n identical trials.
The random variable of interest is continuous.
The probability of success remains constant from trial to trial.
7.
For a continuous random variable x, the height of the probability curve
f(x) at a particular point indicates the value of the probability for that
value.
True
False
8.

An important part of the customer service responsibilities of a cable
company is the speed with which trouble in service can be repaired.
Historically, the data show that the likelihood is 0.75 that troubles in a
residential service can be repaired on the same day. For the first five
troubles reported on a given day, what is the probability that all five will
be repaired on the same day?
.2373
.9990
.0010
.6328
P(x = 5) = .2373
9.
A standard normal distribution has a mean of ____________ and
standard deviation of ____________.
zero, one
zero, zero
one, zero
one, one
10.

A letter is drawn from the alphabet of 26 letters. What is the probability
that the letter drawn is a vowel?
5/26
21/26
1/26
4/26
AEIOU; 5 vowels out of 26 letters.
11.
The set of all possible outcomes for an experiment is called a(n)
____________.
event
probability
sample space
experiment
12.
Using the following probability distribution table of the random variable
x, what is the probability of x = 3?
5/15

2/15
1/15
3/15
All values of P(X) need to sum to 1, so 5/15 + 4/15 + 1/15 = 10/15
means P(X = 3) = 5/15.
**********************************************
Let x be a continuous random variable. What is the probability that x
assumes a single value, such as a (use numerical value)?
The following are the three main characteristics of a normal distribution.
The total area under a normal curve equals _____.
A normal curve is ___________ about the Consequently, 50% of the
total area under a normal distribution curve lies on the left side of the
mean, and 50% lies on the right side of the mean.

Fill in the blank. The tails of a normal distribution curve extend
indefinitely in both directions without touching or crossing the
horizontal Although a normal curve never meets the ________ axis,
beyond the points represented by µ – 3σto µ+ 3σ it becomes so close to
this axis that the area under the curve beyond these points in both
directions is very close to zero.
For the standard normal distribution, find the area within one standard
deviation of the
mean that is, the area between μ − σ and μ + σ. Round to four decimal
places.
Find the area under the standard normal curve. Round to four decimal
places.
between z = 0 and z = 1.95
between z = 0 and z = −2.05
between z = 1.15 and z = 2.37
from z = −1.53 to z = −2.88
from z = −1.67 to z = 2.24
The probability distribution of the population data is called the (1) Table
7.2 in the text provides an example of it. The probability distribution of a

sample statistic is called its (2) _________. Table 7.5 in the text
provides an example it.
Probability distribution
Population distribution
Normal distribution
Sampling distribution
___________ is the difference between the value of the sample statistic
and the value of the corresponding population parameter, assuming that
the sample is random and no non-sampling error has been made.
Example 7–1 in the text displays sampling error. Sampling error occurs
only in sample surveys.
Consider the following population of 10 numbers. 20 25 13 19 9 15 11 7
17 30
Find the population mean. Round to two decimal places.
Rich selected one sample of nine numbers from this population. The
sample included the numbers 20, 25, 13, 9, 15, 11, 7, 17, and 30.
Calculate sampling error for this sample. Round to decimal places.

Fill in the blank. The F distribution is ________ and skewed to the right.
The F distribution has two numbers of degrees of freedom: df for the
numerator and df for the denominator. The units of an F distribution,
denoted by F, are nonnegative.
Find the critical value of F for the following. Round to two decimal
places.
df = (3, 3) and area in the right tail = .05
The following ANOVA table, based on information obtained for three
samples selected from three independent populations that are normally
distributed with equal variances, has a few missing values.
Source of
Variation
Degrees of
Freedom
Sum of

Squares
Mean
Square
Value of the
Test Statistic
Between 2 II 19.2813
Within
89.3677 III F = ___V__ = VII
VI
Total 12 IV
Find the missing values and complete the ANOVA table. Round to four
decimal places.
Using α = .01, what is your conclusion for the test with the null
hypothesis that the means of the three populations are all equal against
the alternative hypothesis that the means of the three populations are not
all equal?

Reject H0. Conclude that the means of the three populations are equal.
Reject H0. Conclude that the means of the three populations are not
equal.
Do not reject H0. Conclude that the means of the three populations are
equal.
Do not reject H0. Conclude that the means are of the three populations
are not equal.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 Probability Case Study 5.2
Week 3 Learning Team Collaboration Discussion: Probability
Resource: Case Study 5.2 in Chapter 5 of Essentials of Business
Statistics
Calculate the requested probabilities for items 1-3.
Discuss your findings for the probabilities.
What was the smoking trend from 1997-2007?

Is this a discrete, continuous, or conditional probability? Why?
How do probabilities help you understand trends in data?
What steps might you recommend, related to smoking behavior,
based on this trend?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 3 Quiz
QNT 275 Week 3 Quiz

Question 1: • You work in marketing for a company that
produces work boots. Quality control has sent you a memo detailing the
length of time before the boots wear out under heavy use. They find that
the boots wear out in an average of 208 days, but the exact amount of
time varies, following a normal distribution with a standard deviation of
14 days. For an upcoming ad campaign, you need to know the percent of
the pairs that last longer than six months-that is, 180 days. Use the
empirical rule to approximate this percent.
Question 2: For any normally distributed random variable with mean
μ and standard deviation σ, the percent of the observations that fall
between μ-2σ and μ+2σ is closest to _______.
Question 3: • Which of the following is correct?
Question 4: • What does it mean when we say that the tails of
the normal curve are asymptotic to the x axis?
Question 5: • The probability that a normal random variable is
less than its mean is ____.
Question 6: • Mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive
events _______________.

Question 7: • Which of the following can be represented by a
discrete random variable?
Question 8: • What is probability?
Question 9: • Which of the following can be represented by a
continuous random variable?
Question 10: • A continuous random variable has the uniform
distribution on the interval [a, b] if its probability density function f(x)
___________.
**********************************************
Customized Work for QNT 275
https://uopcourses.com/sd_product/qnt-275-weekly-practice-connect-
knowledge-check-apply-connect-weekly-case/

Part 1
You manage Human Relations for your company. One of your sales
managers has retired, leaving an opening. You are considering two
different employees for the position. Both are highly qualified so you
have decided to evaluate their sales performance for the past year.
Excel®:
Determine the range of values in which you would expect to find the
average weekly sales for the entire sales force in your company 90% of
the time.
Calculate the impact of increasing the confidence level to 95%?
Calculate the impact of increasing the sample size to 150, assuming the
same mean and standard deviation, but allowing the confidence level to
remain at 90%?
Based on the calculated confidence interval for weekly sales on the
sample of 50 reps at a 90% confidence level:

Calculate both Reps’ average weekly performance and highlight if it is
greater than the population mean.
You want to determine whether there is a statistically different average
weekly sales between Sales Rep A and Sales Rep B.
Create Null and Alternative Hypothesis statements that would allow you
to determine whether their sales performance is statistically different or
not.
Use a significance level of .05 to conduct a t-test of independent samples
to compare the average weekly sales of the two candidates.
Calculate the p-value?
Considering that individual you did not promote:
Determine whether this person’s average weekly sales are greater than
the average weekly sales for the 50 sales reps whose data you used to
develop confidence intervals.
Create Null and Alternative Hypothesis statements that would allow you
to determine whether the new Sales Manager’s weekly average sales are
greater than the sample of Sales Reps.
Use a significance level of .05 to conduct a t-test of independent samples
to compare the average weekly sales of both.
Calculate the p-value?
SAMPLE OF WEEKLY SALES
Sales Rep # AverageWeekly Sales($) Week # Weekly Sales($) – Rep A
Weekly Sales($) – Rep B
1 1228 1 4657 5839
2 7374 2 6133 2602

3 1055 3 3438 2830
4 1859 4 7394 4763
5 3938 5 4327 3740
6 1692 6 2552 1315
7 569 7 7063 1599
8 4059 8 7844 1629
9 3689 9 6898 2416
10 607 10 4003 2107
11 1370 11 6884 4237
12 3735 12 4007 6322
13 3305 13 7214 2710
14 7228 14 2358 5890
15 6279 15 7745 5119
16 1671 16 1337 5184
17 5708 17 1052 3439
18 2569 18 6056 4828
19 4163 19 1495 3667
20 1519 20 3530 2518
21 7734 21 4749 6073
22 784 22 3833 5566

23 6766 23 7869 4555
24 7261 24 4541 5867
25 5034 25 6882 6039
26 7115 26 3868 1032
27 6291 27 5934 4834
28 6287 28 4447 3687
29 2080 29 5504 2214
30 7621 30 5554 4659
31 1047
32 6517
33 5172
34 3876
35 5429
36 4538
37 3786
38 2510
39 4863
40 7246
41 1175
42 641

43 4269
44 7034
45 3406
46 2256
47 3182
48 5178
49 4428
50 1189
**********************************************
Part 2 (2 Papers)
CLO Business Decision Making Project, Part 2

Use the same business problem/opportunity and research variable you
wrote about in Week 3.
Remember: do not actually collect any data; think hypothetically.
Develop a 1,050-word report in which you:
• Identify the types of descriptive statistics that might be best for
summarizing the data, if you were to collect a sample.
• Analyze the types of inferential statistics that might be best for
analyzing the data, if you were to collect a sample.
• Analyze the role probability or trend analysis might play in helping
address the business problem.
• Analyze the role that linear regression for trend analysis might play in
helping address the business problem.
• Analyze the role that a time series might play in helping address the
business problem.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 DQ 1

What is the difference between an independent and a dependent
variable? Does a regression model imply causation? Explain why or why
not.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 DQ 2
Does correlation equal causation? Does the strength of correlation
depend on the direction? What is the meaning of a zero correlation?
Explain your answers.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 DQ 3

What are the requirements that must be met for a regression analysis?
What happens if these requirements are violated? Why is analysis of
residuals important?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 Individual Assignment t-test I4
Individual Assignment: t-test I4: Identify a research problem different
from the previous research problems that uses two different sets of the
same type of data. Any subject may be chosen. Some examples: Sales
from two different months or years. GPA's of men and women. Number
of two different shelf items sold (Coke & Pepsi) by month over a year.
Home sales prices in different suburbs, cities, counties or states. You
wish to determine if there is a significant difference between the means
of the data sets. Select data that have absolute zero measurements (Ratio
data). You may use recorded data or made up data. The n sample size
should be at least 10 in each set, but not more than 29. Prepare a paper
with a table of contents. Describe the research problem, research
purpose and one research question. Include a definition of the variables
you are measuring. List the data. List alpha, the null and alternative
hypothesis, and give a brief back ground. Do MegaStat descriptive
statistics on the data and do data analysis describing the data. Do runs

plot graphs. Interpret the Goodness of Fit (GOF) p-value to decide if the
data is parametric (normal) or nonparametric.
t-test: Open Excel, log in both data sets. Go to Add Ins, Megastat,
Hypothesis Tests, Compare Two Independent Groups, left mouse click
highlight Group 1 then Group 2, OK. Conclude. Use the I4 sample as a
guide. This paper should be between 900-1200 words. Post as an
Individual assignment. Title the document file "t-test I4".
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 Linear Regression Case 12 1
Resource: Case Study 12.1 in Chapter 12 of Essentials of Business
Statistics.
Click the Sushi Restaurant Data Set link.
Calculate the linear regression in item 1 of the case study.
Discuss the following with your team:

Explain if simple regression or multiple regression is more appropriate
for making predictions in this case.
Predict what will happen to sales based on unemployment rate and the
level of advertising
Justify your predictions.
**********************************************
Based on a random sample of 25 units of product X, the average weight
is 102 lb and the sample standard deviation is 10 lb. We would like to
decide if there is enough evidence to establish that the average weight
for the population of product X is greater than 100 lb. Therefore, the
alternative hypothesis can be written as HA: μ > 100. (Assume the
population is normally distributed.)

True
False
The null hypothesis is a statement that will be accepted only if there is
convincing sample evidence that it is true.
True
False
A research study investigated differences between male and female
students. Based on the study results, we can assume the population mean
and standard deviation for the GPA of male students are µ = 3.5 and σ =
0.5. Suppose a random sample of 100 male students is selected and the
GPA for each student is calculated. What is
7.0
3.5
0.05
0.5
If we have a sample size of 100 and the estimate of the population
proportion is .10, we can estimate the sampling distribution of with a
normal distribution.
True
False
The power of a statistical test is the probability of rejecting the null
hypothesis when it is false.
True

False
A recent study conducted by the state government attempts to determine
whether the voting public supports a further increase in cigarette taxes.
The opinion poll recently sampled 1,500 voting age citizens. 1,020 of
the sampled citizens were in favor of an increase in cigarette taxes. The
state government would like to decide if there is enough evidence to
establish whether the proportion of citizens supporting an increase in
cigarette taxes is significantly greater than .66. What is the alternative
hypothesis?
p ≤ .66
p < .66
p = .66
p > .66
The t distribution always has n degrees of freedom.
True
False
It has been reported that the average time to download the home page
from a government website was 0.9 seconds. Suppose that the download
times were normally distributed with a standard deviation of 0.3
seconds. If random samples of 23 download times are selected, describe
the shape of the sampling distribution and how it was determined.
skewed; the original population is not a normal distribution
cannot be determined with the information that is given
normal; the original population is normal
normal; size of sample meets the Central Limit Theorem requirement

A recent study conducted by the state government attempts to determine
whether the voting public supports a further increase in cigarette taxes.
The opinion poll recently sampled 1,500 voting age citizens. 1,020 of
the sampled citizens were in favor of an increase in cigarette taxes. The
state government would like to decide if there is enough evidence to
establish whether the proportion of citizens supporting an increase in
cigarette taxes is significantly greater than .66. Identify the null
hypothesis.
p > .66
p ≠ .66
p ≤ .66
In the upcoming election for governor, the most recent poll, based on
900 respondents, predicts that the incumbent will be reelected with 55
percent of the votes. From the 900 respondents, how many indicated that
they would not vote for the current governor or indicated that they were
undecided?
405
400
450
495
It has been reported that the average time to download the home page
from a government website was 0.9 seconds. Suppose that the download
times were normally distributed with a standard deviation of 0.3
seconds. If random samples of 36 download times are selected, calculate
the mean of the sampling distribution of the sampling mean.
0.3

0.05
0.15
0.9
For a given hypothesis test, if we do not reject H0, and H0 is true,
no error has been committed.
a Type I error has been committed.
a Type II error has been committed.
a Type III error has been committed.
According to the Central Limit Theorem, if a sample size is at least
_____, then for most sampled populations, we can conclude that the
sample means are approximately normal.
50
25
20
30
If the sampled population distribution is skewed, then in most cases the
sampling distribution of the mean can be approximated by the normal
distribution if the sample size n is at least 30.
True
False
The sampling distribution of a sample statistic is the probability
distribution of the population of all possible values of the sample
statistic.

True
False
A(n) _____________ hypothesis is the statement that is being tested. It
usually represents the status quo, and it is not rejected unless there is
convincing sample evidence that it is false.
true
research
alternative
null
The diameter of small Nerf balls manufactured overseas is expected to
be approximately normally distributed with a mean of 5.2 inches and a
standard deviation of .08 inches. Suppose a random sample of 20 balls is
selected. Calculate the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample
mean.
0.8
5.2
0.08
0.018
If a population distribution is known to be normal, then it follows that
None of the other choices is correct.
the sample mean must equal the population mean.

the sample mean must equal the population mean, the sample mean must
equal the population mean for large samples, and the sample standard
deviation must equal the population standard deviation.
the sample standard deviation must equal the population standard
deviation.
the sample mean must equal the population mean for large samples.
If p = .8 and n = 50, then we can conclude that the sampling distribution
of is approximately a normal distribution.
True
False
As the sample size increases, the standard deviation of the sampling
distribution increases.
True
False
**********************************************

Find z for each of the following confidence levels. Round to two
decimal places.
90%
95%
96%
97%
98%
99%
For a data set obtained from a random sample, n = 81 and x = 48.25. It is
known
that σ = 4.8.
What is the point estimate of μ? Round to two decimal places
Make a 95% confidence interval for μ. What is the lower limit? Round
to two decimal places.
Make a 95% confidence interval for μ. What is the upper limit? Round
to two decimal places.
What is the margin of error of estimate for part b? Round to two decimal
places.
Determine the sample size (nfor the estimate of μ for the following.

E = 2.3, σ = 15.40, confidence level = 99%. Round to the nearest whole
number.
E = 4.1, σ = 23.45, confidence level = 95%. Round to the nearest whole
number.
E = 25.9, σ = 122.25, confidence level = 90%. Round to the nearest
whole number.
True or False.
a.The null hypothesis is a claim about a population parameter that is
assumed to be false until it is declared false.
True
False
An alternative hypothesis is a claim about a population parameter that
will be true if the null hypothesis is false.
True
False
The critical point(s) divide(s) is some of the area under a distribution
curve into rejection and nonrejection regions.
True
False

The significance level, denoted by α, is the probability of making a Type
II error, that is, the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is
actually true.
True
False
The nonrejection region is the area to the right or left of the critical point
where the null hypothesis is not rejected.
True
False
You are given the null hypothesis. Select the correct alternative
hypothesis.
H0: μ = 5 hours, what is H1?
left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tail test
H0: μ = $105, what is H1?

left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tail test
H0: μ = $47,000, what is H1?
left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tail test
H0: μ = 10 minutes, what is H1?
left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tail test
H0: μ = 30 hours, what is H1?
left-tailed test
right-tailed test
two-tail test

Fill in the blank. The level of significance in a test of hypothesis is the
probability of making a ________. It is the area under the probability
distribution curve where we reject H0.
Type I error
Type II error
Type III error
Consider H0: μ = 45 versus H1: μ < 45. A random sample of 25
observations produced a sample mean of 41.8. Using α = .025 and the
population is known to be normally distributed with σ = 6.
What is the value of z? Round to two decimal places.
Would you reject the null hypothesis?
Reject Ho
Do not reject Ho
The following information is obtained from two independent samples
selected from two normally distributed populations.
n1 = 18 x1 = 7.82 σ1 = 2.35

n2 =15 x2 =5.99 σ2 =3.17
What is the point estimate of μ1 − μ2? Round to two decimal places.
Construct a 99% confidence interval for μ1 − μ2. Find the margin of
error for this estimate.
Round to two decimal places.
The following information is obtained from two independent samples
selected from two
populations.
n1 =650 x1 =1.05 σ1 =5.22
n2 =675 x2 =1.54 σ2 =6.80
Test at a 5% significance level if μ1 is less than μ2.
Identify the appropriate distribution to use.
t distribution

normal distribution
What is the conclusion about the hypothesis?
Reject Ho
Do not reject Ho
Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau and other sources,
www.nerdwallet.com estimated that considering only the households
with credit card debts, the average credit card debt for U.S. households
was $15,523 in 2014 and $15,242 in 2013. Suppose that these estimates
were based on random samples of 600 households with credit card debts
in 2014 and 700 households with credit card debts in 2013. Suppose that
the sample standard deviations for these two samples were $3870 and
$3764, respectively. Assume that the standard deviations for the two
populations are unknown but equal.
Let μ1 and μ2 be the average credit card debts for all such households
for the years 2014 and 2013, respectively. What is the point estimate of
μ1 − μ2? Round to two decimal places. Do not include the dollar sign.
Construct a 98% confidence interval for μ1 − μ2. Round to two decimal
places. Do not include the dollar sign.
What is the lower bound? Round to two decimal places.
What is the upper bound? Round to two decimal places.

Using a 1% significance level, can you conclude that the average credit
card debt for such households was higher in 2014 than in 2013? Use
both the p-value and the critical-value approaches to make this test.
Reject Ho
Do not reject Ho
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 Presentation (13 and 14)
Prepare an 11- to 15-slide Microsoft®
PowerPoint®
presentation for the
senior management team based on the business problem or opportunity
you described 13 and 14
Include on the slides what you would want the audience to see (include
appropriate visual aids/layout). In the Speaker Notes section, include
what you would say as you present each slide. If any source material is
quoted or paraphrased in the presentation, use APA citations and
references.
Draw on material you developed in the 13 Research Problem and 14
Research Problem
Include the following in your presentation:
· Introduction slide

· Agenda slide
· Describe the organization, with a brief description
· Explain the business problem or opportunity
· Analyze why the business problem is important
· Identify what variable would be best to measure for this problem
and explain why
· Apply data analysis techniques to this problem (tell which
techniques should be used: descriptive stats, inferential stats,
probability) and explain why
· Apply a possible solution to the problem/opportunity, with
rationale
· Evaluate how data could be used to measure the implementation
of such a solution
· Conclusion
· References slide (if any source material is quoted or paraphrased
throughout the presentation)
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 4 Quiz

QNT 275 Week 4 Quiz
Question 1: • Serial correlation is typically observed in:
Question 2: • Another name for an explanatory variable is the
___.
Question 3: • Which of the following variables is not
qualitative?
Question 4: • Consider the following simple linear regression
model: y=βo+β1^(x+ε) The response variable is:
Question 5: • Which of the following violates the assumptions
of regression analysis?
Question 6: • In a simple linear regression model, if the plots on
a scatter diagram lie on a straight line, what is the standard error of the
estimate?
Question 7: • Consider the following simple linear regression
model: y=βo+β1^(x+ε)β0 and β1 are:
Question 8: • For a given set of explanatory variables, in
general:
Question 9: • The standard error of the estimate measures:
Question 10: • What is the name of the variable that's used to
predict another variable?

**********************************************
You are the manager of a retail store. You want to investigate how
metrics can improve the way you manage your business.
Excel®:

Conduct a goodness of fit analysis which assesses orders of a specific
item by size (expected) and items you received by size (observed).
Conduct a hypothesis test with the objective of determining if there is a
difference between what you ordered and what you received at the .05
level of significance.
Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
What is your conclusion?
Generate a scatter plot, the correlation coefficient, and the linear
equation that evaluates whether a relationship exists between the number
of times a customer visited the store in the past 6 months and the total
amount of money the customer spent.
Set up a hypothesis test to evaluate the strength of the relationship
between the two variables.
Use a level of significance of .05.
Use the regression line formula to forecast how much a customer might
spend on merchandise if that customer visited the store 13 times in a 6
month period.
Consider the average monthly sales of 2014, $1310, as your base then
Calculate indices for each month for the next two years (based on the 24
months of data).
Graph a time series plot.
In the Data Analysis Toolpak, use Excel’s Exponential Smoothing
option.

Apply a damping factor of .5, to your monthly sales data, then create a
new time series graph that compares the original and the revised
monthly sales data.
ORDERS VS. SHIPMENTS
Size # Ordered # Received
Extra Small 30 23
Small 50 54
Medium 85 92
Large 95 91
Extra Large 60 63
2X Large 45 42
CUSTOMERS IN PAST 6 MONTHS
Customer # # Visits $ Purchases
1 8 468
2 6 384
3 8 463
4 2 189
5 10 542
6 4 299
7 6 345
8 2 197

9 4 293
10 1 119
11 3 211
12 9 479
13 7 430
14 7 404
15 6 359
16 10 544
17 9 522
18 5 327
19 6 353
20 7 405
21 4 289
22 7 386
23 7 403
24 1 146
25 7 416
26 9 485
27 3 333
28 7 241

29 2 391
30 6 268
MONTHLY SALES ($)
Month $ Sales
Jan 1375
Feb 1319
Mar 1222
Apr 1328
May 1493
Jun 1492
Jul 1489
Aug 1354
Sep 1530
Oct 1483
Nov 1450
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 Assignment Business Problem or
Opportunity Presentation

Prepare an 11- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation for the
you described in Weeks 3 and 5.
Include on the slides what you would want the audience to see (include
appropriate visual aids/layout). In the Speaker Notes section, include
what you would say as you present each slide. If any source material is
quoted or paraphrased in the presentation, use APA citations and
references.
Draw on material you developed in the Week 3 and 4 assignments.
• Introduction slide
• Agenda slide
• Describe the organization, with a brief description
• Explain the business problem or opportunity
• Analyze why the business problem is important
• Identify what variable would be best to measure for this problem and
explain why
• Apply data analysis techniques to this problem (tell which techniques
should be used: descriptive stats, inferential stats, probability) and
explain why

• Apply a possible solution to the problem/opportunity, with rationale
• Evaluate how data could be used to measure the implementation of
such a solution
• Conclusion
• References slide (if any source material is quoted or paraphrased
**********************************************
Part 3 (2 PPT)
This Tutorial contains 2 Presentations
CLO Business Decision Making Project, Part 3

Prepare an 11- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation for the
you described in Weeks 3-4.
Include on the slides what you'd want the audience to see (include
appropriate visual aids/layout) and include in the Speaker's Notes
section what you'd say as you present each slide. If any source material
is quoted or paraphrased in the presentation, use APA citations and
references.
Draw on material you developed in the Weeks 3-4 assignments.
• Introduction slide
• Agenda slide
• Describe the organization, with a brief description
• Explain the business problem or opportunity
• Analyze why the business problem is important
• Identify what variable would be best to measure for this problem.
Explain why.
• Apply data analysis techniques to this problem (tell which techniques
should be used: descriptive stats, inferential stats, probability, linear
regression, time series). Explain why.
• Apply a possible solution to the problem/opportunity, with rationale.
• Evaluate how data could be used to measure the implementation of
such a solution.
• Conclusion

• References slide (if any source material is quoted or paraphrased
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 DQ 1
How would you select appropriate statistical tests for analysis research
data? What aspects of research questions or data types are relevant
considerations in choosing your tests? Why?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 DQ 2

How do you know you have validated a research study based on data
gathered from primary or secondary sources? Have you been involved
with any product test-marketing project? Explain. How did the resulting
statistics affect the product's marketing strategy? How can organizations
skew the statistical outcomes of their business research?
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 DQ 3
In what way has the learning from this course helped you to effectively
test hypotheses, draw conclusions, and provide recommendations to
management? Consider what you have achieved in your research study
conducted for this course.
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 Individual Assignment Final z-test (Set
2)

Individual Assignment Final: z-test: Identify a research problem
different from the previous research problems that uses two different
sets of the same type of data. Example: Sales from two different months
or years. GPA's of men and women. Number of two different shelf items
sold (Coke & Pepsi) by month over a year. Home sales prices in
different suburbs, cities counties or states. You wish to determine if
there is a significant difference between the means of the data sets.
Select data that have absolute zero measurements (Ratio data). You may
use recorded data or made up data. The n sample size should be at least
30 in each set, but not more than 50. Prepare a paper with a table of
contents. Describe the research problem, research purpose and one
parametric (normal) or nonparametric.
z-Test: Open Excel, log in both data sets. Go to Add Ins, Megastat,
highlight Group 1 then Group 2, check z-test in the box. OK. Conclude.
Use the I5 sample as a guide. This paper should be between 900-1200
words. Post as an Individual assignment. Title the document file "z-Test
I5".
**********************************************
QNT 275 Week 5 Individual Assignment Final z-test

Individual Assignment Final: z-test: Identify a research problem
different from the previous research problems that uses two different
sets of the same type of data. Example: Sales from two different months
or years. GPA's of men and women. Number of two different shelf items
sold (Coke & Pepsi) by month over a year. Home sales prices in
different suburbs, cities counties or states. You wish to determine if
there is a significant difference between the means of the data sets.
Select data that have absolute zero measurements (Ratio data). You may
use recorded data or made up data. The n sample size should be at least
30 in each set, but not more than 50. Prepare a paper with a table of
contents. Describe the research problem, research purpose and one
parametric (normal) or nonparametric.
z-Test: Open Excel, log in both data sets. Go to Add Ins, Megastat,
highlight Group 1 then Group 2, check z-test in the box. OK. Conclude.

Use the I5 sample as a guide. This paper should be between 900-1200
words. Post as an Individual assignment. Title the document file "z-Test
I5".
**********************************************
A sequence of values of some variable or composite of variables taken at
successive, uninterrupted time periods is called a
seasonal factor.
cyclical component.
moving average.
least squares (linear) trend line.
time series.
The chi-square goodness-of-fit is _________ a one-tailed test with the
rejection region in the right tail.

never
sometimes
always
When the moving average method is used to estimate the seasonal
factors with quarterly sales data, a ______ period moving average is
used.
4
8
5
2
3
An experiment consists of 400 observations and four mutually exclusive
groups. If the probability of a randomly selected item being classified
into any of the four groups is equal, then the expected number of items
that will be classified into group 1 is _____.
100
125
150
25

The range for r2 is between 0 and 1, and the range for r is between
____________.
There is no limit for r.
−1 and 0
0 and 1
−1 and 1
In simple regression analysis, the quantity that gives the amount by
which Y (dependent variable) changes for a unit change in X
(independent variable) is called the
correlation coefficient.
coefficient of determination.
slope of the regression line.
standard error.
y-intercept of the regression line.
The chi-square goodness-of-fit test will be valid if the average of the
expected cell frequencies is ______________.
between 0 and 5
less than 5
at least 5

greater than 0
at least 1
Suppose that the unadjusted seasonal factor for the month of April is
1.10. The sum of the 12 months’ unadjusted seasonal factor values is
12.18. The normalized (adjusted) seasonal factor value for April
cannot be determined with the information provided.
is equal to 1.1.
is larger than 1.1.
is smaller than 1.1.
One use of the chi-square goodness-of-fit test is to determine if specified
multinomial probabilities in the null hypothesis are correct.
True
False
The slope of the simple linear regression equation represents the average
change in the value of the dependent variable per unit change in the
independent variable (X).
True
False

The upward or downward movement that characterizes a time series
over a period of time is referred to as _____________.
irregular variation
seasonal variation
a trend
cyclical variation
A major drawback of the aggregate price index is that
it is difficult to compute.
percentage comparisons cannot be made to the base year.
it does not take into account the fact that some items in the market
basket are purchased more frequently than others.
it is computed by using the values from a single time series or based on a
single product.
The correlation coefficient may assume any value between
0 and 1.
0 and 8.
−1 and 1.
−1 and 0.

−∞ and ∞.
The number of degrees of freedom associated with a chi-square test for
independence based upon a contingency table with 4 rows and 3
columns is _____.
5
7
12
6
In simple linear regression analysis, we assume that the variance of the
independent variable (X) is equal to the variance of the dependent
variable (Y).
True
False
hose fluctuations that are associated with climate, holidays, and related
activities are referred to as __________ variations.
trend
cyclical
seasonal
irregular

A ______________________ measures the strength of the relationship
between a dependent variable (Y) and an independent variable (X).
coefficient of determination
standard error
slope
correlation coefficient
When we carry out a chi-square test of independence, the chi-square
statistic is based on (r × c) − 1 degrees of freedom, where r and c denote,
respectively, the number of rows and columns in the contingency table.
True
False
The correlation coefficient is the ratio of explained variation to total
variation.
True
False
A multinomial probability distribution describes data that are classified
into two or more categories when a multinomial experiment is carried
out.
True
False

The ____________________ is the proportion of the total variation in
the dependent variable explained by the regression model.
correlation coefficient
slope
coefficient of determination
standard error
**********************************************
1. This distribution has only one parameter. The curve is skewed to the
right for small df and
becomes symmetric for large df. The entire distribution curve lies to the
right of the vertical
axis. The distribution assumes nonnegative values only
1. t distribution
2. Normal distribution

3. Chi-square distribution
4. Linear regression.
2. Find the value of x2 for 12 degrees of freedom and an area of .025 in
the right tail of the chi-
square distribution curve. What is the value of chi-square? Round to
three decimal places
3. Determine the value of x2 for 14 degrees of freedom and an area of .
10 in the left tail of the
chi-square distribution curve. What is the value of chi-square? Round to
three decimal places
4. Determine the value of x2 for 23 degrees of freedom and an area of .
990 in the left tail of the
chi-square distribution curve. What is the value of chi-square? Round to
three decimal places.
5. Α ____________ compares the observed frequencies from a
multinomial experiment with
expected frequencies derived from a certain pattern or theoretical
distribution. The test
evaluates how well the observed frequencies fit the expected
frequencies.

1. Goodness-of-fit test
2. Chi-square test
3. Linear regression
6. The __________ are the frequencies obtained from the performance
of a
multinomial experiment. The expected frequencies are the frequencies
that we expect to obtain
if the null hypothesis is true.
1. Observed frequencies
2. Expected frequencies
3. Fluctuating frequencies
7. The expected frequency of a category is given by Ε = np where n is
the sample size and p is the
probability that an element belongs to that category if the null hypothesis
is true. The
________ for a goodness–of–fit test are k – 1, where k denotes the
number of possible
outcomes (or categories) for the experiment.
1. Number of observations
2. Degrees of freedom

3. Total population
8. This model includes only two variables, one independent and one
dependent, is called a _____1______. The ___2____ is the one being
explained, and the ___3___ is the one used to explain the variation in the
dependent Select the correct letter that would make the sentence true.
9. Select a letter from the list to make this statement true.
12. Linear model
13. Qualitative variable
14. Multivariate analysis of variance
15. Independent variable
16. Simple regression model
17. One-way Analysis of Variance
18. Dependent variable
19. Quantitative variable
9. A population data set produced the following information.
N=460, ∑x=3920, ∑y=2650, ∑xy=26,570, ∑x2=48,530

Find the population regression line. Round to three decimal places. Use
the format as an example when submitting your equation 456.123 +
789.123x
10. The following information is obtained from a sample data set.
n=12, ∑x=66, ∑y=588, ∑xy=2244, ∑x2=396
Find the estimated regression line Use this format as an example when
submitting your equation 123 – 45x
**********************************************

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