Excretory system
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It discuss about what is excretory system, skin, kidney - external, internal, functions of excretory system, how is waste removed from our body, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, nephron, three major region of nephron
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URINARY SYSTEM. PHYSİCAL
The urinary system functions to maintain homeostasis by filtering the blood and regulating fluid balance, electrolyte and acid-base levels. The kidneys filter blood to form urine through glomerular filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Urine is stored in the bladder and emptied during micturition, which is facilitated by spinal and brain centers.
Urinary And Excretion System
The urinary system works to excrete waste from the body, regulate water and electrolyte balance, and secrete hormones. It is made up of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters. It is stored in the bladder and exited from the body through the urethra. Diseases can occur if the urinary system is not functioning properly, such as urinary tract infections and kidney failure.
Urinary system
The document describes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It discusses the key parts which include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys contain nephrons, which are the functional units that filter blood to form urine. Urine is produced via glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion. The kidneys play important roles in regulating water balance, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance in the body.
Urinary system
The document provides information about the urinary system and kidney anatomy and physiology. It discusses:
1. The main components of the urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
2. The functional anatomy of the kidney including its layers, parenchyma, nephrons, and renal corpuscles.
3. The key functions of the kidneys which include homeostasis, regulation of blood pressure, and production of hormones.
Anatomy of kidney (Animals)
The kidney is a bean-shaped organ that forms urine and maintains homeostasis. It contains nephrons, which are the functional units that filter blood to form urine. Each nephron contains a renal corpuscle with a glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, as well as a renal tubule with different segments. Kidneys vary in shape between species but generally have an outer cortex and inner medulla. The medulla contains renal pyramids surrounded by calyces that drain urine into the renal pelvis and ureter. Kidneys are important for filtering waste, regulating fluids and electrolytes, and producing hormones.
Cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through a closed system of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and more to tissues and removes waste. The three main components are the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through a double circulatory pathway. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma which each have important functions. Blood vessels include arteries, veins and capillaries which transport blood and facilitate gas and nutrient exchange.
Topic 11 Excretion
The document provides instructions for comparing urine samples from two subjects and identifying which sample belongs to each subject. It discusses observing the color, volume, smell, temperature, and texture/taste of solutions A and B. Subject X's urine was collected one hour after drinking water, while subject Y's urine was not collected for 5 hours without drinking water. The document also contains information about the structure and functions of the urinary system.
Excretory kidney
The document summarizes the structure and function of the mammalian kidney and nephron. The kidney contains thousands of nephrons which filter blood to produce urine. Each nephron includes a glomerulus for blood filtration and a tubule for reabsorption and secretion. Hormones like antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone regulate water and electrolyte balance by controlling reabsorption in different parts of the nephron.
Recommended
URINARY SYSTEM. PHYSİCAL
The urinary system functions to maintain homeostasis by filtering the blood and regulating fluid balance, electrolyte and acid-base levels. The kidneys filter blood to form urine through glomerular filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Urine is stored in the bladder and emptied during micturition, which is facilitated by spinal and brain centers.
Urinary And Excretion System
The urinary system works to excrete waste from the body, regulate water and electrolyte balance, and secrete hormones. It is made up of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters. It is stored in the bladder and exited from the body through the urethra. Diseases can occur if the urinary system is not functioning properly, such as urinary tract infections and kidney failure.
Urinary system
The document describes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It discusses the key parts which include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys contain nephrons, which are the functional units that filter blood to form urine. Urine is produced via glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion. The kidneys play important roles in regulating water balance, electrolyte balance, and acid-base balance in the body.
Urinary system
The document provides information about the urinary system and kidney anatomy and physiology. It discusses:
1. The main components of the urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
2. The functional anatomy of the kidney including its layers, parenchyma, nephrons, and renal corpuscles.
3. The key functions of the kidneys which include homeostasis, regulation of blood pressure, and production of hormones.
Anatomy of kidney (Animals)
The kidney is a bean-shaped organ that forms urine and maintains homeostasis. It contains nephrons, which are the functional units that filter blood to form urine. Each nephron contains a renal corpuscle with a glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, as well as a renal tubule with different segments. Kidneys vary in shape between species but generally have an outer cortex and inner medulla. The medulla contains renal pyramids surrounded by calyces that drain urine into the renal pelvis and ureter. Kidneys are important for filtering waste, regulating fluids and electrolytes, and producing hormones.
Cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through a closed system of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and more to tissues and removes waste. The three main components are the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart has four chambers and pumps blood through a double circulatory pathway. Blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma which each have important functions. Blood vessels include arteries, veins and capillaries which transport blood and facilitate gas and nutrient exchange.
Topic 11 Excretion
The document provides instructions for comparing urine samples from two subjects and identifying which sample belongs to each subject. It discusses observing the color, volume, smell, temperature, and texture/taste of solutions A and B. Subject X's urine was collected one hour after drinking water, while subject Y's urine was not collected for 5 hours without drinking water. The document also contains information about the structure and functions of the urinary system.
Excretory kidney
The document summarizes the structure and function of the mammalian kidney and nephron. The kidney contains thousands of nephrons which filter blood to produce urine. Each nephron includes a glomerulus for blood filtration and a tubule for reabsorption and secretion. Hormones like antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone regulate water and electrolyte balance by controlling reabsorption in different parts of the nephron.
Physiology of urine formation and kidney function test swati mam
The document discusses the physiology of urine formation and relevant kidney functions. It covers:
1. The kidneys filter plasma and remove substances at variable rates depending on body needs. Their main functions include waste excretion, fluid and electrolyte balance, and blood pressure regulation.
2. Urine is formed through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption of useful substances back into blood, and tubular secretion of other substances into urine.
3. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best test to assess kidney function and is used to diagnose and monitor kidney disease. A normal GFR depends on renal blood flow and pressure.
Introduction to excretory system
The document provides an introduction to the excretory system, focusing on the anatomy and functions of the kidney. It discusses the following key points:
1. The kidneys regulate homeostasis through fluid balance, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and blood pressure regulation. They also excrete metabolic waste and secrete important hormones and vitamins.
2. Each kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, each with a glomerulus for blood filtration and a tubule for reabsorption and secretion.
3. Glomerular filtration occurs through small pores in the filtration membrane, allowing filtration of plasma while retaining blood cells and proteins. Around 180L of filtrate is produced per day through this process.
L10 Urinary System
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys remove waste from the blood and regulate water and electrolyte balance. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters. The bladder stores urine temporarily until urination, at which point urine exits the body through the urethra. Together these components work to filter waste from the bloodstream and remove it from the body.
The urinary system
The urinary system, components, the urine formation process, The gross structure of the kidney, Microscope structure of the kidney, Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN KIDNEY
This document summarizes the structure and function of the kidney. It describes that the kidney contains approximately 1-2 million functional units called nephrons. Each nephron contains a glomerular capsule with capillaries that filters blood to form urine. The urine passes through different segments of the nephron and collecting ducts before exiting the kidney. In addition to filtering wastes, the kidneys regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance and produce hormones like erythropoietin and renin.
10th excretory system
The document summarizes the human excretory system. It describes that excretion removes nitrogenous waste from the body while defecation removes undigested waste. It then discusses the different forms of nitrogenous waste excreted by different organisms - ammonia, uric acid, and urea. The document outlines the major components of the human urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. It provides details on kidney structure, nephron structure, and the processes of ultrafiltration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion involved in urine formation. Hormonal control of urine formation by ADH and aldosterone is also summarized.
11.3 the kidney
The kidney removes waste from the body through excretion. It contains a cortex and medulla, and is made up of functional units called nephrons. Nephrons contain a glomerulus for ultrafiltration of blood and a tubule for reabsorption of needed substances like water and glucose before urine is formed. The kidney regulates water balance through processes like reabsorption and the hormone ADH to concentrate or dilute urine as needed.
Snr urinary systems_last_slides a
The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of specialized macula densa cells and granular juxtaglomerular cells located where the ascending limb of the loop of Henle contacts the afferent arteriole. It helps regulate blood pressure by sensing salt concentrations in the filtrate and signaling changes in arteriole tone. The macula densa cells are columnar tubule cells that become crowded at this contact point, while the juxtaglomerular cells are modified smooth muscle fibers in the afferent arteriole wall.
Kidney(General Anatomy and Histology)
The kidney is composed of an outer cortex and inner medulla. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which contains the renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscle is located in the cortex and consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The renal tubule contains the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The medulla contains only straight tubules like the loop of Henle and collecting ducts.
Histology of the Kidney part 1
The document provides an overview of the urinary system and kidney anatomy and histology. It describes the key functions and components of the kidneys, including the cortex and medulla. It explains the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the renal corpuscle and uriniferous tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. Filtration occurs across the glomerular capillary endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and podocytes within Bowman's capsule.
Renal system
This document provides information about the renal and urological systems and conditions that affect them. It describes the anatomy and functions of the kidneys, nephrons, bladder and urethra. Conditions discussed include chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, edema, urinary tract infections, and urinary incontinence. Drug treatments are outlined for these conditions, including diuretics, antibiotics, analgesics, and supplements. Non-drug therapies like dialysis and lifestyle changes are also mentioned.
The excretory system
The excretory system removes metabolic waste from the body through various organs including the kidneys, liver, lungs and skin. The kidneys are the primary organs of excretion and work to filter waste from the blood and regulate fluid balance. They produce urine via nephrons, which filter blood in the cortex and reabsorb useful substances along the loop of Henle. Urine is stored in the bladder and exits the body through the urethra.
KIDNEY
KIDNEY IS A VITAL ORGAN IN HUMAN BEINGS. EVERY HUMAN HAS A PAIR OF KIDNEYS WHICH HELP TO EXCRETE OUT WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE BODY IN THE FORM OF URINE...
URINE IS FORMED IN KIDNEY BY THREE STEPS WHICH ARE
(1) FILTRATION.
(2) ABSORPTION
(3) SECRETION
Renal system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the renal (urinary) system. It describes the key components of the system including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It then discusses the functional units of the kidneys called nephrons and their role in filtering blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion processes. Specifically, it explains how nephrons use active transport mechanisms like the sodium-potassium pump to reabsorb filtered materials and maintain blood pressure and pH levels.
Urinary system Anatomy
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, a muscular reservoir. The urethra then carries urine from the bladder out of the body. Together these components work to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and remove wastes.
Excretory system handout2
The excretory system removes waste from the body through excretion. The kidneys are the main organs of excretion, filtering waste such as urea and excess water and salts from the blood and excreting it as urine. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys that filter the blood in a two-step process of filtration and reabsorption, where most of the filtered water and nutrients are reabsorbed but waste remains and becomes urine. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder for storage until excretion.
Human kidney,structure and functions of kidney
human kidney structural and functions.different types of structural components present in kidney and each structure having definite functions.structural and functional aspects of kidney.
Excretory system
The kidneys and urinary system remove waste from the body through urine. The kidneys contain over a million nephrons that filter blood to form urine. Urine regulates water, salt, and pH levels in the blood. It contains nitrogenous wastes like urea and ammonia, produced when proteins breakdown. The urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via ureters, stored in the bladder, and exited through the urethra.
Chapter 20 Urinary System
The document summarizes chapter 20 of Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology textbook on the urinary system. It describes the key components of the urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. It explains the location and structure of the kidneys and nephrons, and how they function to filter blood and produce urine through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion. It also briefly discusses how glomerular filtration rate is regulated to maintain homeostasis.
Urine analysis
The document provides information about urine analysis and the urinary system. It discusses the anatomy and functions of the kidneys and other structures of the urinary system such as the ureters, bladder, and urethra. It also describes the formation of urine through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, and concentration. Common abnormalities of urine like proteinuria and oliguria are also summarized. The document is an in-depth review of the urinary system and urine analysis.
Excretion-in-humans-igcse.pptx
The document discusses excretion in humans. It explains that excretion is the removal of waste from the body through various organs like the lungs, kidneys, and skin. The kidneys play a key role by filtering the blood and removing nitrogenous wastes like urea and regulating water and electrolyte levels. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidney that filter blood and produce urine for excretion. Kidney disease can damage the nephrons and impair their ability to filter wastes from the blood. Treatment for kidney failure includes dialysis or kidney transplantation.
URINARY SYSTEM
URINARY SYSTEMSURESH BABU EMANDI DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY Vikas Institute of Pharmaceutical scienes
IT IS USEFULL FOR THE DIPLOMA INPHARMACY STUDENTS AND ALSO USED FOR THE B.PHARM AND DOCTORS OF PHARMACY STUDENTSMore Related Content
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Physiology of urine formation and kidney function test swati mam
The document discusses the physiology of urine formation and relevant kidney functions. It covers:
1. The kidneys filter plasma and remove substances at variable rates depending on body needs. Their main functions include waste excretion, fluid and electrolyte balance, and blood pressure regulation.
2. Urine is formed through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption of useful substances back into blood, and tubular secretion of other substances into urine.
3. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best test to assess kidney function and is used to diagnose and monitor kidney disease. A normal GFR depends on renal blood flow and pressure.
Introduction to excretory system
The document provides an introduction to the excretory system, focusing on the anatomy and functions of the kidney. It discusses the following key points:
1. The kidneys regulate homeostasis through fluid balance, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and blood pressure regulation. They also excrete metabolic waste and secrete important hormones and vitamins.
2. Each kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, each with a glomerulus for blood filtration and a tubule for reabsorption and secretion.
3. Glomerular filtration occurs through small pores in the filtration membrane, allowing filtration of plasma while retaining blood cells and proteins. Around 180L of filtrate is produced per day through this process.
L10 Urinary System
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys remove waste from the blood and regulate water and electrolyte balance. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters. The bladder stores urine temporarily until urination, at which point urine exits the body through the urethra. Together these components work to filter waste from the bloodstream and remove it from the body.
The urinary system
The urinary system, components, the urine formation process, The gross structure of the kidney, Microscope structure of the kidney, Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN KIDNEY
This document summarizes the structure and function of the kidney. It describes that the kidney contains approximately 1-2 million functional units called nephrons. Each nephron contains a glomerular capsule with capillaries that filters blood to form urine. The urine passes through different segments of the nephron and collecting ducts before exiting the kidney. In addition to filtering wastes, the kidneys regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance and produce hormones like erythropoietin and renin.
10th excretory system
The document summarizes the human excretory system. It describes that excretion removes nitrogenous waste from the body while defecation removes undigested waste. It then discusses the different forms of nitrogenous waste excreted by different organisms - ammonia, uric acid, and urea. The document outlines the major components of the human urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. It provides details on kidney structure, nephron structure, and the processes of ultrafiltration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion involved in urine formation. Hormonal control of urine formation by ADH and aldosterone is also summarized.
11.3 the kidney
The kidney removes waste from the body through excretion. It contains a cortex and medulla, and is made up of functional units called nephrons. Nephrons contain a glomerulus for ultrafiltration of blood and a tubule for reabsorption of needed substances like water and glucose before urine is formed. The kidney regulates water balance through processes like reabsorption and the hormone ADH to concentrate or dilute urine as needed.
Snr urinary systems_last_slides a
The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of specialized macula densa cells and granular juxtaglomerular cells located where the ascending limb of the loop of Henle contacts the afferent arteriole. It helps regulate blood pressure by sensing salt concentrations in the filtrate and signaling changes in arteriole tone. The macula densa cells are columnar tubule cells that become crowded at this contact point, while the juxtaglomerular cells are modified smooth muscle fibers in the afferent arteriole wall.
Kidney(General Anatomy and Histology)
The kidney is composed of an outer cortex and inner medulla. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which contains the renal corpuscle and renal tubule. The renal corpuscle is located in the cortex and consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The renal tubule contains the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The medulla contains only straight tubules like the loop of Henle and collecting ducts.
Histology of the Kidney part 1
The document provides an overview of the urinary system and kidney anatomy and histology. It describes the key functions and components of the kidneys, including the cortex and medulla. It explains the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the renal corpuscle and uriniferous tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. Filtration occurs across the glomerular capillary endothelium, glomerular basement membrane, and podocytes within Bowman's capsule.
Renal system
This document provides information about the renal and urological systems and conditions that affect them. It describes the anatomy and functions of the kidneys, nephrons, bladder and urethra. Conditions discussed include chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, edema, urinary tract infections, and urinary incontinence. Drug treatments are outlined for these conditions, including diuretics, antibiotics, analgesics, and supplements. Non-drug therapies like dialysis and lifestyle changes are also mentioned.
The excretory system
The excretory system removes metabolic waste from the body through various organs including the kidneys, liver, lungs and skin. The kidneys are the primary organs of excretion and work to filter waste from the blood and regulate fluid balance. They produce urine via nephrons, which filter blood in the cortex and reabsorb useful substances along the loop of Henle. Urine is stored in the bladder and exits the body through the urethra.
KIDNEY
KIDNEY IS A VITAL ORGAN IN HUMAN BEINGS. EVERY HUMAN HAS A PAIR OF KIDNEYS WHICH HELP TO EXCRETE OUT WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE BODY IN THE FORM OF URINE...
URINE IS FORMED IN KIDNEY BY THREE STEPS WHICH ARE
(1) FILTRATION.
(2) ABSORPTION
(3) SECRETION
Renal system
The document summarizes the structure and function of the renal (urinary) system. It describes the key components of the system including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It then discusses the functional units of the kidneys called nephrons and their role in filtering blood and regulating water and electrolyte balance through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion processes. Specifically, it explains how nephrons use active transport mechanisms like the sodium-potassium pump to reabsorb filtered materials and maintain blood pressure and pH levels.
Urinary system Anatomy
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, a muscular reservoir. The urethra then carries urine from the bladder out of the body. Together these components work to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and remove wastes.
Excretory system handout2
The excretory system removes waste from the body through excretion. The kidneys are the main organs of excretion, filtering waste such as urea and excess water and salts from the blood and excreting it as urine. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys that filter the blood in a two-step process of filtration and reabsorption, where most of the filtered water and nutrients are reabsorbed but waste remains and becomes urine. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder for storage until excretion.
Human kidney,structure and functions of kidney
human kidney structural and functions.different types of structural components present in kidney and each structure having definite functions.structural and functional aspects of kidney.
Excretory system
The kidneys and urinary system remove waste from the body through urine. The kidneys contain over a million nephrons that filter blood to form urine. Urine regulates water, salt, and pH levels in the blood. It contains nitrogenous wastes like urea and ammonia, produced when proteins breakdown. The urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via ureters, stored in the bladder, and exited through the urethra.
Chapter 20 Urinary System
The document summarizes chapter 20 of Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology textbook on the urinary system. It describes the key components of the urinary system including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. It explains the location and structure of the kidneys and nephrons, and how they function to filter blood and produce urine through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion. It also briefly discusses how glomerular filtration rate is regulated to maintain homeostasis.
Urine analysis
The document provides information about urine analysis and the urinary system. It discusses the anatomy and functions of the kidneys and other structures of the urinary system such as the ureters, bladder, and urethra. It also describes the formation of urine through glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, and concentration. Common abnormalities of urine like proteinuria and oliguria are also summarized. The document is an in-depth review of the urinary system and urine analysis.
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Physiology of urine formation and kidney function test swati mam
Physiology of urine formation and kidney function test swati mam
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The document discusses excretion in humans. It explains that excretion is the removal of waste from the body through various organs like the lungs, kidneys, and skin. The kidneys play a key role by filtering the blood and removing nitrogenous wastes like urea and regulating water and electrolyte levels. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidney that filter blood and produce urine for excretion. Kidney disease can damage the nephrons and impair their ability to filter wastes from the blood. Treatment for kidney failure includes dialysis or kidney transplantation.
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The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra. The body takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy.
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The document discusses excretion and the kidney. It begins by defining excretion as the removal of metabolic waste from the body. The two main waste products excreted are carbon dioxide and urea. Urea is produced in the liver from excess amino acids and removed from the blood by the kidneys. The kidneys contain nephrons, which are the functional units. Nephrons contain a glomerulus for blood filtration and a tubule for reabsorption and urine production. Urine is formed through ultrafiltration in the glomerulus and reabsorption along the nephron tubule. Most reabsorption occurs in the proximal tubule, while the loop of Henle helps concentrate urine through countercurrent
1 GNM Anatomy - Unit - 8 Excretory system.pptx
By: M. Thiru murugan
Unit – 8:
Structure and functions of the kidney, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra
Formation and composition of urine.
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Structure and functions of the skin.
Regulation of the body temperature.
Excretory system:
The excretory system is performs the function of excretion
It is the process of removing the wastes
There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system
Kidney:
The kidneys are a bean-shaped organs - found abdominal cavity, just below the rib cage.
The right kidney is slightly lower than the left because of the position of the liver.
Every human has two kidneys.
Diagram of Renal System
Structure of kidney:
Kidney consist of 3 basic parts
Renal cortex (outer layer )
Renal medulla (inner layer )
Renal pelvis.
Renal cortex:
The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney, it is covered with capsule
Erythropoietin a hormone is produced in the renal cortex (Erythropoiesis)
Renal medulla:
Renal medulla is the inner layer of the kidney. The medulla consists of multiple pyramidal tissue masses, called the renal pyramids, which are triangle structures that contain a network of nephrons
Renal pelvis:
The renal pelvis contains the hilum.
The hilum is the concave part of the bean-shape where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney
It is also the point of exit for the ureters carry urine away from the kidney
Both of the ureters supply the urine into urinary bladder,
From there, urine is expelled through the urethra and out of the body.
The blood arrives at the kidney via the renal artery, renal veins collect deoxygenated blood
Nephron:
The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
It is composed of renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Parts of Nephron:
Renal corpuscle (glomerulus within bowman's capsule)
Proximal convoluted tubule
Intermediate tubule (loop of Henle)
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting ducts
1. The Glomerulus:
The glomerulus is receives blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal circulation.
Here, fluid and solutes are filtered out of the blood and into the space made by Bowman’s capsule.
A group of specialized cells known as juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) are located around the afferent arteriole where it enters the renal corpuscle. The JGA secretes an enzyme called renin, it is involved in the process of blood volume homeostasis (Bp).
2. Proximal Convoluted Tubule:
The proximal tubule is the first site of water reabsorption into the bloodstream, and the site where the majority of water and salt reabsorption takes place.
3. The Loop of Henle:
The loop of Henle is a U-shaped tube that consists of a descending limb and ascending limb. It transfers fluid from the proximal to the distal tubule
4. Distal Convoluted Tubule:
The distal convoluted tubule is the final site of reabsorption in the nephron.
5. Collecting Duct:
The collecting duct
Urinary System
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The document provides information on the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the main components of the urinary system as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and regulate fluid balance and electrolyte levels. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood to form urine via glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Urine is transported from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters for storage and later excretion through the urethra.
Anatomy and physiology of the Urinary system by Dipali Harkhani
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system. It describes the main components of the urinary system as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine, which travels through the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination, when urine exits through the urethra. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and modifies it into urine through processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Urinary system 664.pptx ngaun na to
The urinary system, also called the excretory system, produces, stores, and eliminates urine. It includes two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine, regulate electrolytes and blood pressure. Urine travels from the kidneys down the ureters into the bladder, and is then emptied through the urethra. The urinary system works closely with other body systems to maintain homeostasis.
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Excretory_System By Dr Shivam Mishra.ppt
Kidneys are bean-shaped structures located on either side of the backbone and are protected by the ribs and muscles of the back. Each human adult kidney has a length of 10-12 cm, a width of 5-7 cm and weighs around 120-170g.
The kidneys have an inner concave structure. The blood vessels, ureter and nerves enter the kidneys through the hilum, which is a notch at the inner concave surface of the kidney. The renal pelvis, a large funnel-shaped space is present inner to the hilum, is has many projections known as calyces.
APU7 Urinary System
The document provides an overview of the urinary system and its functions. It describes the key organs - kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. It explains how the kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce urine via nephrons and how urine travels through the system to be excreted. It also covers urine composition, urinalysis, and how the urinary system maintains homeostasis and is impacted by aging.
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anatomyandphysiologyoftheurinarysystem-1-180326104626.pdf
Anatomy and physiology of the Urinary system by Dipali Harkhani
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iGCSE Biology Notes Excretion and the kidneys.pptx
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Excretory system
- 1. EXCRETORY SYSTEM DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI M.SC., M.A, M.ED, M.PHIL (EDN), M.PHIL (ZOO), NET, PH.D (EDN) ASST. PROFESSOR, LOYOLA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, CHENNAI - 34
- 2. WHAT IS A EXCRETION? • Excretion is defined as the process of discharging waste matter from an organism. Every organism has metabolic waste generated in its body. • The process of elimination of such waste from the organism is called excretion. • In humans and animals, this is generally carried out by the skin, kidney, and lungs 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 2
- 3. SKIN •Outer most covering of the body •15%of adult’s human weight •Temperature - 37° Celsius •Sweat glands contains small amounts of water and other chemicals such as Ammonia, Urea, Lactic acid and salts (Sodium Chloride) 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 3
- 4. KIDNEY LOCATION IN OUR BODY… • There are two kidneys, each about the size of a fist, located on either side of the spine at the lowest level of the rib cage. Each kidney contains up to a million functioning units called nephrons. A nephron consists of a filtering unit of tiny blood vessels called a glomerulus attached to a tubule. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 4
- 5. KIDNEYS •Bean shaped organ •Reddish brown in color •It lies on either side on vertebral column in the abdominal cavity •Right kidney is placed lower than left •Each is 11cm thick, 5.5cm wide and 2.5 cm thick. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 5
- 6. KIDNEY (INTERNAL) •Outer darker cortex region •Inner lighter medulla region •Contains uriniferous tubules •Medulla-conical masses called medullary/renal pyramids •Hilum-inner blood vessels and nerves enter in and urine leaves out. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 6
- 7. HOW IS WASTE REMOVED FROM OUR BODY? • After the body has taken what it needs, from the food, the waste is sent to the blood. • The kidneys filter out the waste products and excess fluids from the body and dispose of them in the form of urine, via the bladder. • The clean blood flows back to the other parts of the body. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 7
- 8. URETERS • Thin muscular tubes emerging out from hilum • Urine enters from the renal pelvis to ureter by peristaltic movements of its walls • Ureters carry urine from kidney to urinary bladder. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 8
- 9. URINARY BLADDER •Sac like structure •Lies at the pelvic cavity of the abdomen •Stores urine temporarily 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 9
- 10. URETHRA •Membranous tube which conducts urine to the exterior. •Urethra is closed by urethral sphincters •Opens only during at the time of micturition 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 10
- 11. FUNCTIONS OF KIDNEY •Maintains the fluid and electrolyte balance in body •Regulate acid base balance of blood •Maintain osmotic pressure in blood and tissues •Helps to retain the plasma constituents like glucose and amino acids 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 11
- 12. CONTD., • Maintaining overall fluid balance. • Regulating and filtering minerals from blood. • Filtering waste materials from food, medications, and toxic substances. • Creating hormones that help produce red blood cells, promote bone health, and regulate blood pressure 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 12
- 13. NEPHRON •Structural and functional unit of kidney •Consists of Malpighian corpuscle or renal tubule •Cup shaped structure- Bowman’s capsule •Bunch of capillaries called Glomerulus which enter through afferent arterioles and leaves out through efferent arterioles 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 13
- 14. 3 MAJOR REGIONS OF NEPHRON •Proximal convoluted tubule •Loop of Henle •Distal convoluted tubule- collecting tubule 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 14
- 15. MECHANISM Glomerular filtration •Filtration takes with filtration of blood through epithelial walls which is known as glomerular filtrate •Both essential and non essential substances present in blood are filtered 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 15
- 16. TUBULAR REABSORPTION Selective reabsorption •Substances such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins, sodium, potassium bicarbonate and water are reabsorbed into the blood by process of selective reabsorption 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 16
- 17. TUBULAR SECRETION • Substances such as H+ ions or K+ ions are secreted into the tubule • Filtrate is known as urine which is hypertonic in man • Then it passes into collecting ducts to the pelvis ureter urinary bladder urethra • Healthy person secretes one or two liters of urine per day. 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 17
- 18. REFERENCE “SCIENCE READER” Tamil Nadu text book NCERT Books Google images 6/14/2021 DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI 18