Slides describe the terms related to filtration, types of filtration, factors affecting filtration and various equipments used for filtration in pharmaceutical industries.

1. Filtration
Mr. A. T. Sharma
Assist. Professor
Nanded Pharmacy College, Nanded

2. Filtration
• Definition: A process of separation of solids
from a fluid by passing the same through a
porous medium that retains the solids, but
allows the fluid to pass through.
• Slurry
• Filter medium
• Filter cake
• Filtrate
• Clarification

3. Applications
• Production of sterile products
• Production of bulk drugs
• Production of liquid oral formulations
• Affluent and waste water treatment

7. Cake Filtration
• Filter – Coarse woven cloth – a conc.
Suspension of particles passed – bridge the
holes - bed formed

8. Equations
• Poiseuille’s equation
• Darcy’s equation
• Kozeny-Carman equation

9. Filter Media and Filter Aids
• Filter Media
- ideal characteristics
- Examples
• Filter Aids
- ideal characteristics
- Examples

10. Plate and Frame Filter Press
Principle:
• Surface filtration
• A no. of frames and plates arranged – SA
• Slurry enters frame – filter medium
• Filtrate collected on plates - outlet

11. Construction

15. Filter Leaf
Principle:
• Surface filtration
• Longitudinal drainage screen covered with
filter cloth
• Vacuum/pressure

16. Construction

17. Rotary Drum Filter
Principle:
• Sieve-like mechanism on rotating drum
surface
• Vacuum
• Compression, drying, removing filter cake

18. Construction

19. Meta Filter
Principle:
• Surface filtration
• Metal rings contain semicircular projections –
nest – channels
• Coarse particles retained by channels and
clear liquid collected from the top

20. Construction

21. Mechanism of Filtration

22. Cartridge Filter
Principle:
• A thin porous membrane – Pre-filter and
membrane filter in a single unit
• Sieve-like filtration

23. Construction

24. Factors affecting Filtration
• SA of filter medium
- Specific surface of the filter bed
- SA of filter medium
• Pressure difference across the filter medium
- Gravity
- Applying pressure
- Reducing pressure
- Centrifugal force
• Viscosity of filtrate

25. Specific of Filter Bed
• Total surface area of a material per unit of
mass (m2/kg)

26. Surface Area of Filter Medium

27. Thank You…!!!