Science Topic 8

1. CHAPTER 8:SUPPORT AND MOVEMENT BY : MISS SITI NOOR RASHIDAH BT SALEH

2. VARIOUS SUPPORT SYSTEM Support system consist of skeletal tissue Skeletal tissue are made of tough substance – calcium Function : supporting movements of organisms

3. Types of support system

4. Exoskeleton

5. Endoskeleton

6. Hydrostatic skeleton

8. SUPPORT IN LAND VERTEBRATES

11. AQUATIC VERTEBRATES

12. LAND INVERTEBRATES Outer layer made of CHITIN, SHELL (calcium carbonate), or cuticle. Advantage : impermeable to water Protects inner organ Allows movements Disadvantages : prevent growth SOLUTION : ecdysis

15. Cicada sp.

16. HYDROSTATIC INVERTEBRATES Support by BODY FLUIDS Keeping in body in high pressure, turgid and firm

18. WOODY PLANTS Hard and supported by rings of hardwood Rings of hardwood : secondary xylem Dicotyledon

19. NON-WOODY PLANTS Also known as HERBACEOUS PLANT Monocotyledon

20. SPECIAL SUPPORT FEATURES IN PLANTS Buttress roots – hibiscus plants Prop roots – maize plants Clasping roots – money plants Aerial clasping roots – orchid plants Tendrils – cucumber plants Twinning stems – morning glory plants Thorns – roses plants Stilt roots – mangrove plants in muddy places

21. Strong and grow from the ground BUTTRESS ROOTS

22. Prop roots – grow from the stem closed from the ground

23. Clasping roots – using roots to climb on other trees Money plants Betel plant

24. Twinning stem – plant that climb other structures by using it stems Morning glory Bean plant

25. TENDRILS – coiled structures that climb other structures

26. Stilt roots – grow in muddy area for mangrove plantsalso known as AKAR JANGKANG Red mangrove

27. AQUATIC PLANTS Consist of : air sacs Small leaves Swollen leaf base that filled with air

28. Water hyacinth hydrilla sp.

29. Lotus plant

30. Lobster Eel Leech Pipe fish

31. Centipede Caterpillar Earthworm Cockroach

32. EXERCISE 2. (a) What are the functions of the support systems in animal? To support the body ii) To protect the soft tissue and organs iii) To maintain the shape of the body iv) To enable movement