fisika medan magnetik

1. Kelompok 4 :
1. Wahyu Wasna Yola
2. M. Radhit Akbar
3. Rizky Aditya Pratama
KELAS XII IPA 4

2. BAB 3
MEDAN MAGNETIK

3. Peta Konsep
Magnet
Medan
Magnetik
Muatan
bergerak atau
arus listrik
Garis-garis
gaya magnet
Fluks Magnet Gaya Lorentz pada
muatan lain yang
bergerak dalam
medan magnetik
menimbulkan
menimbulkan
menimbulkan
digambarkan
melalui
berkaitan dengan

4. Pengertian Magnet dan Medan Magnet
• Magnet adalah bahan atau benda yang dapat menarik benda-
benda tertentu, seperti besi, baja, dan logam-logam tertentu
lainnya.
• Medan magnet adalah ruang disekitar magnet yang masih
dipengaruhi oleh gaya magnet. Medan magnet dalam ilmu
fisika, adalah suatu medan yang dibentuk dengan
menggerakkan muatan listrik (arus listrik) yang menyebabkan
munculnya gaya di muatan listrik yang bergerak lainnya.
• Medan magnetik selain ditimbulkan oleh magnet, juga dapat
ditimbulkan oleh arus listrik dalam suatu penghantar, baik
pada penghantar lurus,penghantar melingkar, maupun pada
kumparan

5. A. Fluks Magnetik
Konsep fluks magnetik pertama kali dikemukakan oleh ilmuwan Inggris bernama
Michael Faraday. Faraday menggambarkan medan magnet sebagai garis-garis
gaya medan. Jumlah gaya medan magnet yang menembus suatu permukaan luas
dalam arah tegak lurus disebut fluks medan magnet.
Besarnya fluks medan magnet adalah :

6. B. Apa Benar Bahwa di Sekitar Arus
Listrik ada Medan Magnet ?
Adanya medan magnet
disekitar arus listrik
ditemukan pertama kali
oleh H. C. Oersted.
I

7. B. Hukum BIOT - Savart
Biot – Savart merumuskan bahwa induksi magnet disuatu titik yang
ditimbulkan oleh elemen kawat berarus listrik sepanjang d adalah :
1. Sebanding dengan i
2. Sebanding dengan d
3. Sebanding dengan sin θ
4. Berbanding terbalik dengan kuadrat
jarak P ke elemen (r2)
dan Dirumuskan :
Keterangan:
B = kuat medan magnet (T)
µ0 = permeabilitas ruang hampa
θ = sudut elemen arus dengan jarak r
i = kuat arus listrik dalam Ampere (A)
dl = perubahan elemen panjang dalam meter (m)

8. 1. Induksi Magnetik di Sekitar Kawat
Lurus Berarus Listrik
Untuk menghitung kuat medan magnet pada suatu titik berjarak a dari
penghantar lurus berarus dan panjangnya tak hingga adalah menggunakan
rumus :
B = induksi magnetik di titik P (Wb/m2 atau Tesla)
µ0 = permeabilitas ruang hampa (4 ×10-7 Wb A-1m-1)
I = kuat arus yang mengalir dalam kawat (A)
a = jarak titik P ke kawat penghantar (m)
B = 2 ki
a

9. 2. Induksi Magnetik di Sekitar Arus Melingkar
Dengan menggunakan persamaan Biot-Savart, Kita dapat menghitung besar
induksi magnetik di kawat lingkaran berarus dengan menghitung besar
induksi magnetik di titik pusatnya, yaitu titik P.
a
a
a

10. 3. Induksi Magnetik Pada Solenoida
Kumparan panjang yang terdiri atas banyak lilitan kawat
penghantar menyerupai sebuah lilitan pegas disebut solenoida.
Besarnya induksi magnetik pada ujung solenoida :
Besarnya induksi magnetik di tengah solenoida :
n = Banyaknya lilitan persatuan panjang (=N/ ℓ)

11. 4. Induksi Magnetik Pada Toroida
Solenoida yang dilengkungkan sehingga sumbunya membentuk
suatu lingkaran dinamakan toroida.
Besarnya induksi magnetik pada sumbu toroida :

12. C. Gaya Magnetik (Gaya Lorentz)
Apa itu Gaya Lorentz?
Gaya Lorentz adalah gaya yang timbul akibat adanya arus listrik dalam suatu
medan magnet.
Sebuah penghantar yang berarus listrik jika ditempatkan pada medan
magnetik atau induksi magnetik akan mengalami gaya. Gaya yang dialami oleh
penghantar berarus listrik itu disebut gaya Lorentz.
Besar gaya Lorentz :
F = Gaya Lorentz dalam N
B = Induksi magnet/ medan magnet dalam weber/m2
i = Kuat arus dalam A
ℓ = Panjang kawat dalam m
θ = Sudut antara elemen arus dengan B
a. Gaya Lorentz pada penghantar berarus dalam medan magnet

13. b. Gaya Lorentz pada muatan listrik yang bergerak di
dalam medan magnet
Besar gaya Lorentz :

14. c. Gaya Lorentz pada dua kawat sejajar berarus listrik
Gaya magnet juga dialami oleh dua buah kawat sejajar yang saling berdekatan yang beraliran arus
listrik. Timbulnya gaya pada masing-masing kawat dapat dianggap bahwa kawat pertama berada
dalam medan magnetik yang ditimbulkan oleh kawat kedua dan sebaliknya kawat kedua berada
dalam medan magnetik yang ditimbulkan oleh kawat pertama.
Apabila arah arus pada kawat itu searah maka pada
kedua kawat akan terjadi gaya tarik-menarik dan
sebaliknya jika arah arus pada kedua kawat
berlawanan, maka akan tolak-menolak.
Besarnya gaya magnet pada masing-masing kawat
dapat dinyatakan :
Karena arah B dan I saling tegak lurus
atau T =90o maka :

15. Gaya magnetik di antara kedua kawat sejajar sering
dinyatakan sebagai gaya per satuan panjang yaitu :
dengan a adalah jarak antara kedua kawat tersebut.
Arah gaya Lorentz yang terjadi dapat ditentukan
dengan kaidah tangan kanan, seperti diperlihatkan
pada gambar.
Bila tangan kanan dibuka dengan ibu jari
menunjukkan arah arus (i) dan keempat jari lain yang
dirapatkan menunjukkan arah medan magnetik (B),
maka keluar dari telapak tangan menunjukkan arah
gaya Lorentz (F).

16. Reviewing concepts
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Mars Venus
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
It’s the closest planet to
the Sun
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
Neptune
Mercury
Saturn is the ringed
planet and a gas giant
Saturn
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Jupiter

17. Awesome
words

18. —Someone famous
“This is a quote. Words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”

19. A picture is worth
a thousand words

20. A picture always
reinforces the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so remember:
use an image instead of long texts

21. 4,498,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention

22. 9h 55m 23s
Is Jupiter's rotation period
333,000.000
Earths is the Sun’s mass
386,000 km
Is the distance between Earth and the Moon

23. 50%
20%
Let's use some percentages
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Venus
It’s the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest
one in the Solar System
Mercury
Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place.
It’s full of iron oxide dust
Mars
90%

24. Our team
You can talk a bit about
this person here
Sofia Hill
You can talk a bit about
this person here
Peter Harris

25. This is a map
Saturn
Saturn is a gas
giant and has
several rings
Venus
Venus is the
second planet
from the Sun

26. A timeline always works fine
01 02 03 04
Venus
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place, not hot
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all

27. You can use this infographic
It’s the biggest planet
of them all
Jupiter
It’s a cold place. It’s full
of iron oxide dust
Mars
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
Neptune
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Mercury

28. This is a table
Mass
(earths)
Diameter
(earths)
Surface gravity
(earths)
Mercury 0.38 0.38 0.38
Mars 1.16 0.53 0.38
Saturn 95.2 9.4 1.16
Mercury 0.38 0.38 0.38
Neptune 1.16 1.16 1.16

29. You can use this graph
Saturn
Saturn is a gas
giant and has
several rings
Venus
Venus is the
second planet
from the Sun
60 % 40 %
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here

30. Desktop software
You can replace the image on the screen
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then choose "Replace image" (in Google
Slides) or "Change Picture" (in PPT) so you
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31. Tablet app
You can replace the image on the screen
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32. Smartphone web
You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Right-click on it and
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Slides) or "Change Picture" (in PPT) so you
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33. Name of the
section
02
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

34. To keep in mind!
1. Saturn is a gas giant
2. Saturn has several rings
3. It’s composed of hydrogen and
helium
Problems
1. Venus has a beautiful name
2. It’s the second planet from the Sun
3. It has a poisonous atmosphere
Solutions

35. True or false
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s hot
and has a poisonous atmosphere
● True ● False

36. Five columns
Jupiter
It’s the farthest planet
from the Sun
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Neptune
It’s the closest planet to
the Sun
Mercury
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings
Saturn
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Mars

37. Did you know?
Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Mars
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
Neptune
Neptune is far away
from Earth
Mercury
It’s the closest planet
to the Sun

38. Checklist
Tool Description Lesson 1 Lesson 2
Mercury It’s the closest planet to the Sun
Jupiter It’s the biggest planet of them all
Mars Mars is actually a very cold place
Saturn Saturn is the ringed planet
Neptune
It’s the farthest planet from the
Sun

39. Top three tutorials
It’s the biggest planet in
the Solar System
Jupiter
01
It’s a cold place. It’s full of
iron oxide
Mars
02
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings
Saturn
03

40. Which one uses more energy?
1
2 3
4
5 6
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place. It’s full of iron oxide dust
Put them in the right order

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