Facilitate Open Science Training in Europe

Facilitate Open Science Training for European Research
Licensed under Creative Commons By 4.0 internacional

FOSTER……Quick facts
• Project Name: FACILITATE OPEN SCIENCE TRAINING FOR EUROPEAN
RESEARCH
• Project Acronym: FOSTER
• Project number: 612425
• Start Date: 01/02/2014
• Duration: 30 months
• Funding from the EC: 1.499.860,00€
• Website: www.fosteropenscience.eu

Partners
- Universidade do Minho – Portugal (coordinator)
- Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen Stiftung Oeffentlichen Rechts
– Germany
- Danmarks Tekniske Universitet – Denmark
- Stichting eIFL.net – Netherlands
- SPARC-Europe – UK
- Stichting LIBER – Netherlands
- University of Glasgow – DCC – UK
- Technische Universiteit Delft – Netherlands
- The Open University – UK
- ICM - Uniwersytet Warszawski – Poland
- Consortium Universitaire de Publications Numériques Couperin –
France
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Spain
- University of Edinburgh - DCC – UK

General objectives
• Support different stakeholders, especially young researchers, in adopting
open access in the context of the European Research Area (ERA) and in
complying with the open access policies and rules of participation set out for
Horizon 2020;
• Integrate open access principles and practice
in the current research workflow by targeting
the young researcher training environment;
• Strengthen the institutional training capacity to foster compliance with the
open access policies of the ERA and Horizon 2020 (beyond the FOSTER project);
• Facilitate the adoption, reinforcement and implementation of open access
policies from other European funders, in line with the EC’s recommendation.

https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/

https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/events

FOSTER Courses
https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/courses

Remedios Melero
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC),
FOSTER partner
Obra licenciada con Creative Commons By 4.0
internacional
Open Science and European
Access Policies in H2020

Open access breakfast…20 min, take advantage of your time,
however our seminar will be longer

By "open access" to this literature (scholarly publications), we mean its
free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to
read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full
texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to
software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial,
legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining
access to the internet itself.
The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for
copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over
the integrity of their work and the right to be properly
acknowledged and cited.
Budapest Open Access Initiative (14 February 2002)

“Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online,
free of charge, and free of most copyright and
licensing restrictions”
Peter Suber’s definition:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5rVH1KGBCY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcXpF8bU714
Open Access Policies: An Introduction
from COAPI
Open Access Explained!

OA Green route…
OA repositories
Gold route
…OA journals

http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/39707
“Outputs behind paywall”

http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/39707
“open outputs”

Arbeck (2013).
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Science_Does_Not_Equal_Open_Acc
ess.svg

“Open Science (OS) offers researchers tools and workflows for transparency,
reproducibility, dissemination and transfer of new knowledge”
“The conduction of science in a way that others can collaborate and
contribute, where research data, lab notes and other research
processes are freely available, with terms that allow reuse,
redistribution and reproduction of the research. ( Open science,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_science)
“Open science is the idea that scientific knowledge of all kinds
should be openly shared as early as is practical in the discovery
process.”
(Michael Nielsen, http://openscienceasap.org/open-science/ )
Open Science Definitions

Principles of Open Science
Open Methodology (Methods, processess, relevant documents)
Open Source (Soft- und Hardware)
Open Data (data free to re-use)
Open Access to scholarly outputs (gratis and libre)
Open Peer Review (transparency in evaluation and quality criteria)
Open Educational Resources (MOOCs, OERs)
http://openscienceasap.org/open-science/

Open Science: One Term, Five Schools of Thought.
http://book.openingscience.org/basics_background/open_science_one_term_five_schools_of_thoug
ht.html
Technological
architecture
Accessibility of
knowledge creation
Alternative impact
measurement
Access to
knowledge
Collaborative
research

Research Life Cycle and vs
“opens”
……….

Scheme from University of California- Irvine
http://www.lib.uci.edu/dss/

Univ. Queensland http://guides.library.uq.edu.au/research-data-
management

Planning
Implementation
Publishing
Discovery
/
Impact
Preservation
Reuse
Research
Life
Cycle
• OA resources (data, content)
• Open software
• Compliance with an OA policy?
• Digital management plan
(DMP)?
• Open data
• Open research data
(Danton principles)
• Open citizen
science
• Open Notebook
science
• Data sharing
• OA repositories
• OA journals
• Data journals
• Open peer
review• OA servers providers/Search engines
• Metrics
• Altmetrics ( see Leiden Manifesto, DORA)
• Social media
• Data mining (see The Hague Declaration)
• OA repositories
• DCC centres
• OA licences
• Ethics
• Codes of conduct

The Commission has carefully analysed the
effects of open access policies on the scientific
publishing market, both by means of a study and
of a public consultation in 2006. These are
available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-
society/page_en.cfm?id=3185
In August 2008 The EC announce which parts
of FP7 will be covered by the open access
pilot?
The pilot covers approximately 20% of the FP7
budget and will apply to specific areas of research
under the 7th Research Framework Programme
(FP7):
Health; Energy; Environment; Information and
Communication; Technologies (Cognitive
Systems, Interaction, Robotics); Research
Infrastructures (e-Infrastructures); Socio-
economic Sciences and Humanities; Science in
Society

How was Open Access implemented in FP7?
• General framework: EC and ERC Guidelines
• Special Clause 39 in Grant Agreements
• Best effort to achieve open access to publications
• Choice between the two routes: GREEN and GOLD OA
• Deposit in repository is mandatory (through author or
publisher)
• Maximum embargo of 6 months (science, technology,
medicine)
and 12 months (humanities and social sciences)
• Support provided by OpenAIRE, IPR Helpdesk, others
• Support activities developed during the running of FP7

http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-
society/index.cfm?fuseaction=public.topic&id=1301

http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/document_library/pdf_06/
recommendation-access-and-preservation-scientific-information_en.pdf

In Horizon 2020, both the ‘Green’ and ‘Gold’ models are considered valid
approaches to achieve open access.
All projects will be requested to immediately deposit an electronic
version of their publications (final version or peer-reviewed manuscript)
into an archive in a machine-readable format.
The Commission will allow an embargo period of a maximum of six
months, except for the social sciences and humanities where the
maximum will be twelve months (due to publications’ longer ‘half-life’)
The Commission encourages authors to retain their copyright and to
grant licences to publishers, according to the rules applying in Member
States.
In addition, the Commission will to set up a pilot scheme on open access to
and re-use of research data generated by projects in selected areas of
Horizon 2020
In designing and implementing the pilot the Commission will take into
account possible constraints on making research data openly
accessible which may pertain to privacy, national security or data,
and know-how and knowledge brought into projects as inputs.

HEREBY RECOMMENDS THAT MEMBER STATES:
Open access to scientific publications
1. Define clear policies for the dissemination of and open access to
scientific publications resulting from publicly funded research. These
policies should provide for:
– concrete objectives and indicators to measure progress;
– implementation plans, including the allocation of responsibilities;
– associated financial planning.
Ensure that, as a result of these policies:
– there should be open access to publications resulting from publicly
funded research as soon as possible, preferably immediately and in any
case no later than six months after the date of publication, and twelve months
for social sciences and humanities;
– licensing systems contribute to open access to scientific publications resulting
from publicly-funded research in a balanced way, in accordance with and
without prejudice to the applicable copyright legislation, and encourage
researchers to retain their copyright while granting licences to
publishers;

What changes in Horizon2020?
• Update of Guidelines
• New clauses in Grant Agreements
• OA to publications is mandatory for all projects
• OA to data piloted for 7 selected areas
• Member States are requested to develop and align
national OA policies and infrastructures
http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/oa_pil
ot/h2020-hi-oa-pilot-guide_en.pdf

Grant Agreement: 29.2 Open access to scientific publications
Each beneficiary must ensure open access (free of charge, online access for any user) to
all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating to its results. In particular, it must:
(a) as soon as possible and at the latest on publication, deposit a machine-readable
electronic copy of the published version or final peer-reviewed manuscript accepted for
publication in a repository for scientific publications;
Moreover, the beneficiary must aim to deposit at the same time the research data needed to
validate the results presented in the deposited scientific publications.
(b) ensure open access to the deposited publication — via the repository — at the latest:
(i) on publication, if an electronic version is available for free via the publisher, or
(ii) within six months of publication (twelve months for publications in the social
sciences and humanities) in any other case.
(c) ensure open access — via the repository — to the bibliographic metadata that identify
the deposited publication.
The bibliographic metadata must be in a standard format and must include all of the
following:
- the terms ["European Union (EU)" and "Horizon 2020"]["Euratom" and Euratom research
and training programme 2014-2018"];
- the name of the action, acronym and grant number; - the publication date, and length of
embargo period if applicable, and - a persistent identifier.

What to deposit
• The final peer-reviewed manuscript, accepted for publication, including all
modifications from the peer review process
OR
• A machine-readable copy of the published version (usually a PDF
document).
In principle this applies to all kinds of publications, but emphasis is on peer-
reviewed journal articles
Where to deposit
• Institutional repository
OR
• Disciplinary repository (arXiv, Europe PubMed Central, etc.)
OR
• Zenodo (www.zenodo.org) if none of the above is available – a
ECcofunded, multidisciplinary repository, for publications & data

When to deposit
• Each beneficiary must deposit as soon as possible and at the
latest on publication.
• Open access must be ensured immediately or after an embargo
period:
GREEN – 6-12 months depending on the research area
and the choice of journal
GOLD – inmediately

Research Data Pilot in H2020
A novelty in Horizon 2020 is the Open
Research Data Pilot which aims to
improve and maximise access to and
re-use of research data generated by
projects. The legal requirements for
projects participating in this pilot are
contained in the optional article 29.3 of
the Model Grant Agreement.
http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/o
a_pilot/h2020-hi-oa-data-mgt_en.pdf

OA Publication
Infrastructure
Open Data
Infrastructures
Covering ‘European Knowledge’

H2020 areas participating in the pilot
• Future and Emerging Technologies
• Research infrastructures – part e-Infrastructures
• Leadership in enabling and industrial technologies – Information
and Communication Technologies
• Societal Challenge: 'Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy' – part
Smart cities and communities
• Societal Challenge: 'Climate Action, Environment, Resource
Efficiency and Raw materials' – except raw materials
• Societal Challenge: 'Europe in a changing world – inclusive,
innovative and reflective Societies'
• Science with and for Society
Projects in other areas can participate on a voluntary basis

References to research data management are included in Article 29.3 of the
Model Grant Agreement (article applied to all projects participating in the
Pilot on Open Research Data in Horizon 2020).
29.3 Open access to research data
[OPTION for actions participating in the open Research Data Pilot:
Regarding the digital research data generated in the action (‘data’), the
beneficiaries must:
(a) deposit in a research data repository and take measures to make it
possible for third parties to access, mine, exploit, reproduce and disseminate
— free of charge for any user — the following:
(i) the data, including associated metadata, needed to validate the results
presented in scientific publications as soon as possible;
(ii) other data, including associated metadata, as specified and within the
deadlines laid down in the ‘data management plan’ (see Annex 1);
(b) provide information — via the repository — about tools and instruments
at the disposal of the beneficiaries and necessary for validating the results
(and — where possible — provide the tools and instruments themselves).
http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/mga/gga/h2020-mga-
gga-multi_en.pdf

Requirements of the open data pilot
1. Develop (and update) a Data Management Plan ( deliverable
within first 6 months, see previous guidelines)
2. Deposit in a research data repository
3. Make it possible for third parties to access, mine, exploit,
reproduce and disemínate data – free of charge for any user
4. Provide information on the tools and instruments needed to
validate the results (or provide the tools)

Exemptions – reasons for opting out
• If results are expected to be commercially or industrially exploited
• If participation is incompatible with the need for confidentiality in
connection with security issues
• Incompatible with existing rules on the protection of personal data
• Would jeopardize the achievement of the main aim of the action
• If the project will not generate / collect any research data
• If there are other legitimate reason to not take part in the Pilot
Can opt out at proposal stage OR during lifetime of project.
Should describe issues in the project Data Management Plan

Annex 1: Data Management Plan (DMP) template
The purpose of the Data Management Plan (DMP) is to provide an analysis of the
main elements of the data management policy that will be used by the applicants with
regard to all the datasets that will be generated by the project.
DMP has to include:
• Data set reference and name
• Data set description
• Standards and metadata
• Data sharing
• Archiving and preservation (including storage and backup)
How to create a DMP https://www.openaire.eu/opendatapilot-dmp

Annex 1: Data Management Plan (DMP) template
The purpose of the Data Management Plan (DMP) is to provide an analysis of the
main elements of the data management policy that will be used by the applicants
with regard to all the datasets that will be generated by the project.
The DMP should address the points below
• Data set reference and name
Identifier for the data set to be produced
• Data set description
Description of the data that will be generated or collected, its origin (in case it
is collected), nature and scale and to whom it could be useful, and whether it
underpins a scientific publication. Information on the existence (or not) of
similar data and the possibilities for integration and reuse.
• Standards and metadata
Reference to existing suitable standards of the discipline. If these do not
exist, an outline on how and what metadata will be created.

• Data sharing
Description of how data will be shared, including access procedures,
embargo periods (if any), outlines of technical mechanisms for
dissemination and necessary software and other tools for enabling re-use,
and definition of whether access will be widely open or restricted to
specific groups. Identification of the repository where data will be
stored, if already existing and identified, indicating in particular the type of
repository (institutional, standard repository for the discipline, etc.).
In case the dataset cannot be shared, the reasons for this should be
mentioned (e.g. ethical, rules of personal data, intellectual property,
commercial, privacy-related, security-related).
• Archiving and preservation (including storage and backup)
Description of the procedures that will be put in place for long-term
preservation of the data. Indication of how long the data should be
preserved, what is its approximated end volume, what the associated
costs are and how these are planned to be covered.

DMP online has been developed by the Digital Curation Centre (UK)
https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/

Example:
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/adocs/Leeds-
RoaDMaP-DMPs.pdf

http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/tools-and-applications

Correspondence between Annex 1 from EU and DCC-DMP

http://www.consorciomadrono.es/pagoda/index2.php
54

DMPTOOL has been developed by the University of California Curation
Center

Open Science and Research Data
Management
Workshop for researchers and PhD students

http://www.wirelessdesignmag.com/news/2016/02/future-will-be-built-open-
data-%E2%80%93-heres-why

Accessible
Data must be located in such a manner that it can readily be found and in a form that
can be used.
Useable
In a format where others can use the data or information. Data should be able to be
reused, often for different purposes, and therefore will require proper background
information and metadata.
Assessable
In a state in which judgments can be made as to the data or information’s reliability.
Intelligible
Comprehensive for those who wish to scrutinise something.
Open data must be accessible, useable, assessable
and intelligible ( extracted from Science as an Open
Enterprise, 2012 )

Sharing data,
a challenge?
• “The best thing to do with your data will be thought of by someone else.”
This thought by Rufus Pollock may be inspiring to some, but scary to others.
• Research has shown that those who share data tend to get more citations for their
articles ( Alan Hyndman )
• While publishing the results of research open access has now been widely accepted,
there are still many challenges to making data truly open. do we value data as a
research product?
• Instead of mandating open data and hoping that scientists will comply, we need to
focus on the benefits of sharing data, and make sure that the right incentives are in
place. (Tom Pollard )
http://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcblog/2015/03/03/open-data-obstacles-opportunities/
reuse
visibility
recognition
incentivation
• Accesible
• Usable
• Assessable
• Intelligible

Australian National Data Service. http://www.ands.org.au/cite-data/index.html
Identification of datasets favours their use and citation
Data can be cited….

Ubiquity Press Metajournals
The Journal publishes peer
reviewed data papers describing
public health datasets with high
reuse potential
And be published

http://exchanges.wiley.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Researcher-Data-Insights-
Infographic-FINAL-REVISED-2.jpg
Saatndard practice, increase impac
and public benefit

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYDb-GP1CA4
The what, why and how of
data management planning

Example:
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/adocs/Leeds-
RoaDMaP-DMPs.pdf
75

http://www.consorciomadrono.es/pagoda/index2.php
79

How to locate, search, browse….
Datasets and research data repositories

https://www.datacite.org/
DataCite: Locate, Identify, Cite data

DataOne. Data Observational Network for Earth
https://www.dataone.org/

The Finnish research infrastructures -service is a databank for researchers,
research infrastructure service providers and funders. The service promotes
sharing and openness by describing and showcasing research infrastructures and
their services in a unified manner.
http://infras.openscience.fi/
An example of openness at national level

http://futurecity.glasgow.gov.uk/
What is a Future City?
Cities and their citizens generate a huge amount of data which can
be used in smart ways to achieve great things.

Missing Maps: Data for humanitarian organizations
http://www.missingmaps.org/

http://f1000research.com/channels/arbovirus
Open access channel for papers and data

The Open Knowledge Foundation. Projects involving open data
https://okfn.org/projects/

Global Open Data Index
http://index.okfn.org/

http://wheredoesmymoneygo.org/

This is an Open Knowledge Foundation project
https://openspending.org/

More Open Science
resources…….

https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/
Diagram of Foster’s Content Classification

The Research Data Alliance (RDA) http://rd-alliance.org/
The Research Data Alliance implements the technology, practice, and
connections that make Data Work across barriers.
Funders:
Australian National Data Service
The European Commission through the iCordi project 7th FP
National Science Foundation

http://openscience.com/tag/funding/

http://centerforopenscience.org/involved_participate/#tab_2

Open Science Framework https://osf.io/

More information:
http://www.fosteropenscience.eu/
http://www.pasteur4oa.eu/
https://www.openaire.eu/opendatapilot
¡Gracias!
Gràcies!
Thank you!
rmelero@iata.csic.es

Facilitate Open Science Training in Europe

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