2. Introduction
• This procedure was first experienced in
1970
• This procedure involve :
–Slowly removing person’s blood and
–Replacing it with fresh donor blood or
plasma.
3. Definition
• An exchange transfusion involves removing aliquots of patient
blood and replacing with donor blood in order to remove abnormal
blood components and circulating toxins while maintaining
adequate circulating blood volume.
4. Indication
• Hyperbilirubinea :
Serum bilirubin 5mg /dl at birth
Serum bilirubin is equal or more than 20 mg / dl ( term ) , 15
mg / dl ( preterm) at anytime in first week of life.
• Rhesus / ABO incompability
• Severe anemia
• Hydrops fetalis
• Other :
Hyperkalemia
DCI
Neonatal polycythemia
Drugs toxicity
9. Contd…
• Patent preparation
Nill per oral : 4 hrs prior to
procedure
Empty stomach by NG tube
Continue child monitoring
• Asepsis technique throughout
procedure.
• Monitor baby vital status, atleast 15
minutes interval.
10. Complications
• Blood clots
• Changes in blood chemistry (high or low potassium, low
calcium, low glucose, change in acid-base balance in the blood)
• Heart and lung problems
• Infection (very low risk due to careful screening of blood)