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Immutable infrastructure：觀念與實作 (建議)
The document discusses the concept of immutable infrastructure, emphasizing its benefits such as simplifying change management and enforcing development and production parity. It also touches on the challenges and costs associated with implementing such infrastructure, alongside various tools and methodologies in software deployment. Key contributors in the field are mentioned, highlighting their insights on utilizing immutable objects and best practices for system stability.
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Immutable infrastructure：觀念與實作 (建議)
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- 36. “HAProxy has beeninstalled on Linux 2.4 systems serving millions of pages every day, and which have only known one reboot in 3 years for a complete OS upgrade.” Reliability - keeping high-traffic sites online since 2002
- 37. “HAProxy has beeninstalled on Linux 2.4 systems serving millions of pages every day, and which have only known one reboot in 3 years for a complete OS upgrade.” Reliability - keeping high-traffic sites online since 2002
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- 42. In OOP andFP, an immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. immutable objects JCConf 2015 Universal Scala by Walter Chang
- 43. In OOP andFP, an immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created. String s = "ABC"; s.toLowerCase(); immutable objects
- 44. String s ="ABC"; s.toLowerCase(); Why immutable objects? • simpler to understand • inherently thread-safe • offer higher security than mutable objects. immutable objects
- 45. “How to sortin-place using the merge sort algorithm?” immutable objects algorithms • Too complex to be reduced to practical program. • Knuth left this as an exercise (Vol 3, 5.2.5). There do exists in-place merge sort. It must be implemented carefully. http://stackoverflow.com/q/2571049/714426
- 46. CTAS: Create TableAs Select immutable objects algorithms • Faster than ALTER TABLE. • … with some constraints… Google it! http://stackoverflow.com/q/2571049/714426 databases
- 47. DHH (David HeinemeierHansson) Creator of Rails. immutable objects algorithms databases applications
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- 50. immutable infrastructure immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications
- 51. immutable infrastructure immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications
- 52. Let’s talk about immutableobjects algorithms databases applications Java hot swap? hot deploy?
- 53. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java hot swap since JDK 1.4
- 54. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java hot swap in JRebel
- 55. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java hot swap in OSGi
- 56. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java Christian Posta Principal Middleware Specialist/Architect at Red Hat, open-source enthusiast, committer on Apache ActiveMQ, Apache Camel, Fabric8, HawtIO, blogging, Family, India Pale Ale. http://blog.christianposta.com/immutable/immutable-infrastructure-and-the-jvm-part-i/
- 57. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java • Don’t hotdeploy/redeploy/migrate your Java services in production at runtime. Christian Posta Principal Middleware Specialist/Architect at Red Hat, open-source enthusiast, committer on Apache ActiveMQ, Apache Camel, Fabric8, HawtIO, blogging, Family, India Pale Ale. http://blog.christianposta.com/immutable/immutable-infrastructure-and-the-jvm-part-i/
- 58. immutable objects algorithmsdatabases applications Java • Don’t hotdeploy/redeploy/migrate your Java services in production at runtime. • Do have a very strong focus on your delivery pipeline/automation/testing to quickly make changes to your system. Christian Posta Principal Middleware Specialist/Architect at Red Hat, open-source enthusiast, committer on Apache ActiveMQ, Apache Camel, Fabric8, HawtIO, blogging, Family, India Pale Ale. http://blog.christianposta.com/immutable/immutable-infrastructure-and-the-jvm-part-i/
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- 67. WHY immutable infra? •Simplify change management • hard to keep or restore “desired state” in-place
- 68. WHY immutable infra? •Simplify change management • hard to keep or restore “desired state” in-place • Enforce dev/prod parity • configure & test infra before deployed to production environment
- 69. WHY immutable infra? •Simplify change management • hard to keep or restore “desired state” in-place • Enforce dev/prod parity • configure & test infra before deployed to production environment • Reason about apps at a higher level • … than just the deployable packages containing the code (JAR/WAR/zip/MSI/whatever)
- 70. WHY NOT immutableinfra?
- 71. WHY NOT immutableinfra? • Cost of “out of place” may be too high • vs
- 72. WHY NOT immutableinfra? • Cost of “out of place” may be too high • vs • DevOps maturity level • Orchestration and resource allocation primitives are required
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- 81. VM image Container image Goldenimage Phenix server
- 82. VM image Container image Unikernelimage Golden image Phenix server
- 83. VM image Container image Unikernelimage • VM/IaaS provider specific • VM/IaaS provider agnostic • Ansible: https://github.com/ansible/ansible • Packer: https://www.packer.io/ • Otto: https://ottoproject.io/
- 84. VM image Container image Unikernelimage • Docker ecosystem • docker cli • Docker Hub • CI: Jenkins, Travis CI, CircleCI… • Pre-Docker tools • Packer: https://www.packer.io/
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- 89. Container per VMDocker Hyper:https://hyper.sh/
- 90. Container per VM Hyper:https://hyper.sh/
- 91. Container per VM Hyper:https://hyper.sh/ Unikernel Boxfuse: https://boxfuse.com
- 92. Container per VM Hyper:https://hyper.sh/ Unikernel Boxfuse: https://boxfuse.com Unikernels are constructed by using “library operating systems,” from which the developer selects only the minimal set of services required for an application to run. These sealed, fixed-purpose images run directly on a hypervisor without an intervening guest OS such as Linux.
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- 95. VM image Container image Unikernelimage new unikernel approach
- 96. VM image Container image Unikernelimage new unikernel approach
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- 103. deployment • Rolling upgrade •Blue/green deployment • Canary deployment
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- 105. deployment • Cluster management •Service discovery • Orchestration
- 106. deployment • Pets vscattle • Docker ecosystem is easier… • Kubernetes • Mesos • …
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- 110. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps IT workflow automation
- 111. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps JCConf 2015, Abola Lee IT workflow automation
- 112. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps JCConf 2015, Abola Lee IT workflow automation • Platform-specific tools • AWS CodeDeploy • Google Cloud Deployment Manager • IBM BlueMix
- 113. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps JCConf 2015, Abola Lee IT workflow automation • Platform-specific tools • AWS CodeDeploy • Google Cloud Deployment Manager • IBM BlueMix • Ansible
- 114. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps JCConf 2015, Abola Lee IT workflow automation • Platform-specific tools • AWS CodeDeploy • Google Cloud Deployment Manager • IBM BlueMix • Ansible • CI SaaS • Travis CI, CircleCI, etc.
- 115. deployment VM image Container image Unikernelimage DevOps JCConf 2015, Abola Lee IT workflow automation • Platform-specific tools • AWS CodeDeploy • Google Cloud Deployment Manager • IBM BlueMix • Ansible • CI SaaS • Travis CI, CircleCI, etc. • Atlas (and others from HashiCorp)
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