Advantages of Executive Information System(EIS), Dis-advantages of Executive Information System(EIS), Knowledge Base System, What is Artificial Intelligence? Expert System and it's component, Office Automation System and Types of Information Management System

1. Executive Information
System
Chapter # 7
Abdul Rashed Barakzai

2. Introduction
An Executive Information System (EIS) also known as an Executive
support system
It represents a type of Management Information System (MIS) whose
purpose is to facilitate access to information and support
executive management in the decision-taking process.
It offers internal and external information, relevant in reaching the
organization strategic objectives.

4. Advantages of
Executive
Information
System
(EIS)
 Decision Making
 Time and cost Saving
 Personal Efficiency
 Organization Communication
 Encourage Learning
 Competitive advantages

5. Dis-advantages
of Executive
Information
System
(EIS)
 System dependent
 Limited functionality, by design
 Information Overload for some managers
 Benefits hard to quantify
 High implementation costs
 System may become slow, large, and hard to manage
 Need good internal processes for data management
 May lead to less reliable and less secure data
 Excessive cost for small company

6. Knowledge
Base System
A knowledge-based system (KBS) is a computer system which generates and
utilizes knowledge from different sources, data and information. These
systems aid in solving problems, especially complex ones, by utilizing
artificial intelligence concepts. These systems are mostly used in problem-
solving procedures and to support human learning, decision making and
actions.
A knowledge-based system (KBS) is a program that captures and
uses knowledge from a variety of sources. A KBS assists with solving
problems, particularly complex issues, by artificial intelligence.
These systems are primarily used to support human decision making, learning,
and other activities

7. What is
Artificial
Intelligence?
 Artificial intelligence (AI) is a wide-ranging branch of computer
science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing
tasks that typically require human intelligence. ... Getting machines to
simulate human intelligence is the fundamental goal of AI.

9. ExpertSystem
Expert system, a computer program that uses artificial-intelligence
methods to solve problems within a specialized domain that ordinarily
requires human expertise.

10. Component of
Expert System
1. User Interface
2. Inference Engine
3. Knowledge Base

11. 1. User
Interface
 User Interface: With the help of a user interface, the expert system
interacts with the user, takes queries as an input in a readable format,
and passes it to the inference engine.
 After getting the response from the inference engine, it displays the
output to the user.
 In other words, it is an interface that helps a non-expert user to
communicate with the expert system to find a solution.

12. 2. Inference
Engine
The inference engine is known as the brain of the expert system as it is
the main processing unit of the system. It applies inference rules to the
knowledge base to derive a conclusion or deduce new information. With
the help of an inference engine, the system extracts the knowledge from
the knowledge base.
There are two types of inference engine:
1. Deterministic Inference engine: The conclusions drawn from
this type of inference engine are assumed to be true. It is based
on facts and rules.
2. Probabilistic Inference engine: This type of inference engine
contains uncertainty in conclusions, and based on the probability.

13. 3. Knowledge
Base
 The knowledgebase is a type of storage that stores knowledge
acquired from the different experts of the particular domain.
 The more the knowledge base, the more precise will be the Expert
System.
 It is similar to a database that contains information and rules of a
particular domain or subject.
 One can also view the knowledge base as collections of objects and
their attributes. Such as a Lion is an object and its attributes are it is a
mammal, it is not a domestic animal, etc.

14. Continue…
Components of Knowledge Base
1. Factual Knowledge: The knowledge which is based on facts and
accepted by knowledge engineers comes under factual knowledge.
2. Heuristic Knowledge: This knowledge is based on practice, the
ability to guess, evaluation, and experiences.

15. Office
Automation
System
Office Automation systems (OAS) are configurations of networked
computer hardware and software. A variety of office automation systems
are now applied to business and communication functions that used to be
performed manually or in multiple locations of a company, such as
preparing written communications and strategic planning. In addition,
functions that once required coordinating the expertise of outside
specialists in typesetting, printing, or electronic recording can now be
integrated into the everyday work of an organization, saving both time
and money.

16. TYPES OF
OAS:
1. Office productivity
2. Knowledge management
3. Intranets
4. Process automation
5. Administration system
6. Trainings
7. Business software
8. Data processing
9. Data management
10. Integration
11. Communication
12. Facilities
13. internal control

17. Main 6 Types
of Information
System
1. Transaction Processing Systems.
2. Office Automation Systems.
3. Knowledge Management Systems.
4. Management Information Systems.
5. Decision Support Systems.
6. Executive Support System.