Tarpaulins are thick fabric sheets made from materials like cotton, polyester, nylon, PVC, PE or PP. They are used in various industrial applications for waterproofing, lining, covering and protecting objects. Common applications include agriculture, construction, sports, defense and household uses. Tarpaulins are finished and coated to make them water resistant, UV protected and durable for outdoor use. Different types of tarpaulins include those made of cotton/polyester blends or PVC and polyethylene coated fabrics.

1. TARPAULINS: TYPES AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS Prof. R.B . CHAVAN Former Professor, IIT Delhi Consultant MGIRI, Wardha

3. DEFINITION COMBINATION OF WORDS TAR: TARRED CANVAS PALLING: FABRIC USED TO COVER OBJECTS ON SHIP ALSO CALLED TARP

4. FEATURES THICK CANVAS FABRIC SHEET OF COTTON, COTTON/PET, SYNTHETIC FIBRE FABRIC PET, NYLON, PVC, PE, PP TARPS OFTEN HAVE REINFORCED EYELETS AT THE CORNERS AND ALONG THE SIDES TO FORM ATTACHMENT POINTS FOR ROPE , A LLOWING THEM TO BE TIED DOWN OR SUSPENDED.

5. WATER RESISTANT, FIRE PROOF, ROT RESISTANT UV PROTECTION A) DESIRABLE PROPERTIES ACHIEVED BY SUITABLE COATING: PVC, OTHER HYDROPHOBIC RESINS LIKE PE, PP ETC. ON SYNTHITIC FIBRE FABRICS B) FINISH APPLICATION USUALLY PAD-DRY-CURE TECHNIQUE MAIN APPLICATION FOR COTTON AND COTTON/PET BLENDED TARPAULINS.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF TECHNICAL TEXTILE the range of technical textiles is very large. In the present article it is proposed to discuss a few aspects of the technical textiles or the industrial fabrics falling in the category of tarpaulins.

7. APPLICATIONS AREAS under lays for fertilizers, sugar, tea, coffee and other products. low cost huts, storage bins, mulching, fumigation covers/tents, green houses, mushroom cultivation and other areas. Lining of canals, watercourses, in order to stop seepage losses Agriculture Food grain covers Irrigation APPLICATIONS Industries / Sectors

8. Silkworm trays, lining of industrial tanks, , machinery wrapping, heavy duty sacks Misc. Water proofing/damp proofing of all types of roofs, flooring and under ground structures and construction site dwellings/materials storage tents. Civil Construction Work: Lining of fish ponds/reservoirs Fisheries APPLICATIONS Industries / Sectors

9. Underlay for carpets, table covers, scooter covers, etc. Household: Covers for football Underlay for runway, tents, ammunition dumps, bunker -lining, tank and gun grounds, cricket pitches, tennis courts, tracks pools. Sports: Defence

10. TENSILE STRENGTH TESTER IMPACT TESTER MFI TESTER LEAK DETECTION TESTER QA THROUGH TESTING

11. CHEMICAL ANALYSER ENVIRONMENT CRACK TESTER DENSITY TESTER OPACITY TESTER CARBON BLACK CONTENT TESTER CARBON BLACK DISPERSION TESTER

12. GLOSS METER HAZE METER COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION TESTER PIN HOLE DETECTOR

13. Cotton Cotton/PET blends Polyester Nylon HDPE/LDPE PP PVC Fibres used

15. COTTON AND COTTON/PET TARPAULINS SPECIFICATIONS COTTON Warp 88-175 Weft 60-110 Tear strength (N) Warp 980-2190 Weft 590-1860 Breaking strain (N/50mm) Oz/sq yd 7.4-15 gm/sq m 251-610 Weight Plain Weave Cotton 100% Composition

16. COTTON/PET Plain/Rib-stop Weave Warp 175-885 Weft 105-665 Tear strength (N) Warp 1620-3390 Weft 410-2715 Breaking strain (N/50mm) Oz/sq yd 8-18 gm/sq m 203-610 Weight Polyester staple 52% Cotton 48% Composition

17. TOPICAL FINISHES WATER RESISTANCE FIRE RESISTANCE MICROBIAL RESISTANCE UV RESISTANT

18. WATER RESISTANCE 1. Wax dispersions free of metal ions 2: Metallic salts and soaps 3: Wax dispersions containing Zirconium salts 4. Pyrdinium compounds. 5. Silicones 6: Flurochemicals 1-4 TEMPORARY FINISH 5-6 DURABLE FINISH SEVERAL TRADE PRODUCTS ARE AVAILABLE

19. FLAME RETARDANT FINISH 1. HALOGENATED BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS CHLORINATED FLAME RETARDANTS 2. ORGANO PHOSPHOROUS PHOSPHATE ESTER SUCH AS TRI PHENYL PHOSPHATE 3. NITROGEN-CONTAINING FLAME RETARDANTS 4. INORGANIC FLAME RETARDANTS .

21. UV PROTECTION DERIVATIVES OF O- HYDROXYL BENZOPHENONES, O– HYDROXYPHENYLTRIAZES, O –HYDROXY PHENYL HYDRAZINES.

22. PVC COATING OVER A BASE CLOTH OF NYLON OR POLYESTER. ROT-PROOF AND WATERPROOF, LESS SUSCEPTIBLE TO DAMAGE FROM ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS, I.E. SUNLIGHT, WEATHER RESISTANCE LIGHTWEIGHT THEY IDEAL FOR COVERING TIMBER STOCK AND BUILDING MATERIALS, THOUGH THEY ARE PRIMARILY USED FOR COVERING GENERAL PURPOSE GOODS IN ROAD TRANSPORT. PVC TARPAULINS

24. SPECIFICATIONS

25. POLY TARPS PE COATING ON NYLON OR PET FABRIC PE FILM LAMINATION (BOTH SIDES) ON PE FABRIC TWO TYPES READYMADE OF DESIRED SIZE POLYTARP ROLLS BOTH TYPES REINFORCED WITH EYELETS

27. LDPE OR HDPE FILMS ARE USED FOR BOTH SIDE LAMINATION OF PE FABRICS TO PRODUCE POLY TARP. THE THICKNESS OF THE LAMINATION FILM VARIES FROM 40 MICRONS TO 1500 MICRONS WIDTH FROM 1 M TO 13.5 M. LAMINATION FILM FOR POLY TARP

29. CONTAINS NO PLASTICISER AND DO NOT BECOME BRITTLE WITH TIME AND USE. RESISTANT TO ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS LIGHT WEIGHT EASY OF HANDLING & TRANSPORTATION. WATER PROOF, DUE TO WHICH IT IS IMPERMEABLE TO LIQUIDS AND IS UNAFFECTED BY HUMIDITY.