The document defines key genetics terms like heredity, DNA, genes and discusses different types of cell reproduction. It explains that asexual reproduction involves cell division to produce offspring identical to the parent, while sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents to create offspring that are not identical but can adapt to changes. Different asexual reproduction methods like budding, fragmentation and spore formation are outlined. The document also reviews mitosis and provides links about cloning applications in animals, stem cells and humans. Homework questions on specific pages are assigned.
2. Define the following:
Heredity
Genetics
DNA
Gene
Locus
Diploid
Haploid
Polyploid
3. Asexual Reproduction - Copy
Individual produced by a single parent by cell
division
Offspring is identical to parent
Advantages:
No need for a mate
Direct heredity
Disadvantages:
Can’t adapt to changing environments
10. Sexual Reproduction - Combine
Individual produced from fusion of sex cells
(from 2 parents)
Not genetically identical to parents (half of
genetic material from each parent)
Disadvantages:
Specialized organs
Need to attract mate
Inherit ‘weak’ genes
Advantages:
Ability to adapt to changes
