3. Areas Controlled by Japan during WWII
• Several regions in China - 1938 - 1945
• French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos) - July 15, 1940 - August
29, 1945
• Hong Kong (UK) - December 12, 1940 - August 15, 1945
• Thailand- as an 'allied' state although induced - December 8, 1941 -
August 15, 1941
• British New Guinea - December 27, 1941 - September 15, 1945
• Philippines (USA) - January 2, 1942 - November 27, 1944
• Guam (USA) - January 6, 1942 - October 24, 1945
• Dutch East Indies - January 18, 1942 - October 21, 1945
• Portuguese Timor - February 19, 1942 - September 2, 1945
• Malaya (UK)- March 27, 1942 - September 6, 1945
4. • Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Straits Settlements (Singapore) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Kingdom of Sarawak (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Brunei (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• North Borneo (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Nauru - August 26, 1942 - September 13, 1945
• Imphal (India) - November 4, 1942 - August 15, 1945
• Wake Island (USA) - December 27, 1942 - January 18, 1944
• Gilbert and Ellice Islands (UK) - February 22, 1943 - January 22, 1944
• Christmas island (Australia) - May 5, 1943 - January 25, 1944
• Attu and Kiska Islands (Alaska) - June 6, 1943 - September 27, 1943
5. Areas Attacked but Not Conquered
• Air raids on Australia:
• Broome (Western Australia)
• Darwin (Northern Territory, Australia)
• Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia)
• Sydney (New South Wales, Australia)
• British Columbia (Canada)
• Kohima and Manipur (India)
• Colombo and Trincomalee (Sri Lanka)
• Dornod (Khalkhin Gol, Mongolia)
• United States
• Santa Barbara (California)
• Pearl Harbor (Hawaii)
• Midway Atoll
• Fort Stevens (Oregon)
6. Japan in the 1920’s
• Joined the League of Nations
• Signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
• 4 Power Pact-US, GB, France and Japan would respect each
other’s possessions in the Pacific
• 5 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy and Japan would limit naval
size
• 9 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy, Japan, Belgium, Netherlands,
Portugal and China agree to the Open Door Policy and guarantee
Chinese independence
• Signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact
12. Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
•The League of Nations condemned the action but could not
enforce its authority as it had not military force
•The message sent to aggressive countries was that a major
power could get away with using force because Great
Britain and France did not want war
•Japan dropped out of the League of Nations shortly after
invastion
14. Rape of Nanking-Late 1937-Early 1938
• A mass killing of Chinese people(up to 300,000)
• Mass raping of Chinese women and girls
• Mass looting and arson
• Some in Japan have denied that the military killed civilians for no reason
• Still causes tension between the two countries today
• There were war crimes trial after the war to try Japanese soldiers for
participation
19. Panay Incident-December 1937
• American gunboat attacked on
river in China by Japan
• 3 US troops killed, 45 wounded
• Japan said it was an accident,
apologized and paid US $$
• Worsened US-Japanese relations
27. Basics of Pearl Harbor Attack
* Date: December 7, 1941-Sunday-7:40 AM and 8:50 AM
* Location: Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory
* War Results: 1.) Japanese major victory 2.) U.S. Declaration of
War on Japan 3.) Germany and Italy Declare War on the U.S. (Tripartite
Pact) 4.) U.S. Declares War on Germany and Italy
* Battle Results: 1.) All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged,
with four being sunk 2.) Three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-
aircraft ship and one minelayer ship were sank or damaged 3.) 188
U.S. aircraft were destroyed (Pacific Fleet)
* Deaths/Casualties: 1.) 2,402 killed 2.) 1,282 wounded
37. Remember Pearl Harbor
• This was one of the most
patriotic songs during World
War II
• It was played at family and
religious gatherings throughout
the country
38.
39.
40. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
• After Japan invaded French Indochina in 1940, US stopped trading with
Japan
• Japan signed the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in April, 1941
guaranteeing that Japan and USSR would not go to war
• Japan realized they needed US trade to be successful in war
• Only way to force US’ hand was to hit them hard in a surprise attack
forcing them out of the war
• Japan knew that this plan was a huge risk, but thought it was the only way
to defeat US
• Plan backfired. Instead, Japan “awoke a sleeping giant”.
45. FDR’s War Message
• Pearl Harbor was not the only area Japan attacked on
December 7
• “Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack
against Malaya.”
• “Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.”
• “Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.”
• “Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.”
• “Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.”
• “This morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.”
101. Summer 1945-Preparing for the Invasion of Japan
• Operation Downfall
• Planned for October 1945
• Estimated to have over 1 million casualties
• Estimated to have 267,000 deaths
• Why did this never take place?
126. VJ Day
• August 14/15, 1945(Official UK)
• September 2, 1945(Official for
US)
• When Japan officially signed
on USS Missouri
127. Potsdam Conference-July, 1945
• On July 26, the United States, Great
Britain, and China issued the Potsdam
Declaration
• Announced the terms for Japan's
surrender
• "We will not deviate from them.
There are no alternatives.”
128. Potsdam Declaration-July, 1945
• Dismantle the current government of Japan(excluding Emperor
Hirohito)
• The Allies(US) will occupy Japan
• Japan will consist only of the major islands(Honshu, Hokkaido,
Kyushu, Shikoku). It will lose all territory gained in WWII and years
leading up to it.
• Japanese military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return
home
• There will be war crimes trials for the atrocities committed by Japan
throughout WWII
129. Potsdam Continued
• Democracy will be promoted as well as Freedom of speech, religion, and of
thought, as well as respect for fundamental human rights(Universal Declaration
of Human Rights-1948)
• Japan will be allowed to have industry so they can make money to pay for
reparations. World trade will also be enabled at some point.
• Allied(US) occupation of Japan(1945-1952) will end once Japan accomplishes
all the above points.
• "We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional
surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate
assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is
prompt and utter destruction.” President Harry Truman
