Principles Of Technique
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The document discusses principles of mobilization treatment techniques from Maitland's text, including factors that govern passive movement, the method for selecting techniques, and eight principles for direction, patient/therapist position, force localization/application, and progression. It also covers grades, rhythms, and uses of movements like oscillations, distraction, and compression in treatment.
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- 4: Movement against some resistance, but not full strength.
- 5: Full strength, normal movement against full resistance.
3. **Applications**:
- **Clinical Diagnosis**: MMT helps identify muscle weakness or dysfunction associated with various conditions, such as neuromuscular disorders, orthopedic injuries, and neurological impairments.
- **Treatment Planning**: Assessment findings from MMT guide the selection of appropriate therapeutic interventions, including strengthening exercises, manual therapy techniques, and functional training.
- **Rehabilitation Monitoring**: Serial MMT evaluations track changes in muscle strength and function during the rehabilitation process, informing progression and adjusting treatment goals as needed.
4. **Considerations**:
- **Reliability and Validity**: MMT results may vary based on factors such as examiner experience, patient cooperation, and testing conditions. Standardized protocols and repeated assessments can enhance reliability.
- **Limitations**: MMT may not be suitable for assessing deep muscles or muscles affected by pain, and results may be influenced by factors such as fatigue, motivation, and neurological impairment.
- **Clinical Judgment**: Interpretation of MMT findings requires clinical judgment,.
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This document discusses range of motion (ROM) exercises, which are important for maintaining or improving joint mobility. ROM exercises involve moving joints through their full range of motion and can be active, performed independently, or passive, performed with assistance. The document defines ROM and various types of joint movements like flexion, extension, and rotation. It provides examples of ROM exercises and outlines how to properly prepare, perform, and evaluate ROM exercises with patients.
Exercises
This document discusses range of motion (ROM) exercises, including passive, active, and active-assistive ROM. It defines each type and their goals, indications, limitations, and how to perform them properly. A case study example is provided of a 67-year old female stroke patient with right-sided weakness requiring ROM exercises to maintain joint flexibility. Evidence suggests simple ROM exercises can improve physical function in older stroke patients. An appropriate exercise prescription for this patient would be active-assistive ROM of both upper and lower extremities.
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Flexibility and stretching - how to stretch, when to stretch
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A 55-year-old male presented with osteoarthritis in his left hip that had been ongoing for eight years. He had restricted range of motion in his hip, particularly limited flexion, abduction, and medial rotation. The goals of therapy were to restore hip range of motion, improve soft tissue flexibility around the hip, and strengthen the hip muscles. The treatment plan included joint mobilization techniques like inferior glide at 90 degrees of hip flexion, anterior hip glide, and posterior glide of the hip to increase the patient's hip range of motion.
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1. Normal connective tissue contains collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, water, and fibroblasts that provide structure and allow movement.
2. Immobilization causes the collagen matrix to deposit randomly without lubrication, increased cross-linking, and adhesion formation in ligaments, tendons and muscles.
3. Mobilization improves the collagen matrix organization, lubrication, vascularization and strength of connective tissue, muscles and joints while decreasing adhesions.
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- 1. Principles of Methods of Mobilization Treatment Readings Chapter 7 -Maitland Text
- 6. Eight Principles Patient’s Starting Position What is the desired treatment effect? To relive pain Stretch for stiffness
- 7. Therapist Staring Position Guidelines Therapist has to have complete control It necessary to be in a position so that forces are applied in direction of restriction Be sure to use all mechanical advantage
- 8. Localization of Force Principals Avoid tight grip Grip enough to perform the movement safely Have good control be able to assess movement as it occurs Remember comfort of grip and the location of forces may be dictated by the patient Example: response to movement pain
- 9. Application of forces general principles Therapist arms and body should be the prime movers which deliver the passive movement to the patient’s body part ( Maitland ) Hands act as sensing agent for movement.
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