iPhone / iPad - Human Interface Guidelines

iPhone / iPad - Human Interface Guidelines Martin Ebner The presentation bases onhttp://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/documentation/userexperience/ conceptual/mobilehig/Introduction/Introduction.html (V 2011-10-12)

Do we need Usability? http://www.flickr.com/photos/rdolishny/2760207306

The future is mobilehttp://flickr.com/photos/thomcochrane/416206133/

Future is mobilehttp://i.imgur.com/r9Rov.png

http://i.imgur.com/r9Rov.png

iPhone / iPad just another device?http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/kiki99/1031313718

"The iPhone generates 33% of all mobile smartphone traffic worldwide and 50% in the US." AdMob Mobile Metrics, 2009 http://de.admob.com/s/solutions/metrics?_cd=1http://www.flickr.com/photos/pleasewait/2272096624

„91% of iPhone users and 88% of iPod touch users would recommend their device, compared to 84% of Android users and 69% of webOS users“ (AdMob Mobile Metrics, January. 2009) http://metrics.admob.com/iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

A total of 99 percent of 200 respondents to a RBC/IQ ChangeWave survey in August said they are satisﬁed with their iPhone 3GS, with 82 percent of those "Very Satisﬁed." http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/09/08/14/apples_iphone_3gs_has_99_percent_satisfaction_rate.htmliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/09/08/14/apples_iphone_3gs_has_99_percent_satisfaction_rate.htmliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

http://www.androidpit.de/de/android/blog/394061/ Weltweite-Smartphone-Verkaufszahlen-Android- Nummer-Eins

Apps usable for everyone?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ Application Definiton Statement {your differentiator} {your solution} for {your audience}iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ Example: {easy to use} {digital photo sharing} for {casual iphone users} Note - this is a new app {easy to use} {digital photo sharing} for {professional iphone users}iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ • Elegant solution: you must solve a users problem and solve it eleganty • Great usability: solide app hierarchy, clean layout • Gorgeous application icon: hey, the icon is the brand of your product!iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iPhone - HI Guidelines Planning your iPhone Software Product Designing the User Interface of your iPhone ApplicationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iPhone OS Platform Rich with Possibilites http://www.flickr.com/photos/shuffle-art/1441940051iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Platform Differences 1/2 „An iPhone OS-based device is not a desktop or laptop computer, and an iPhone application is not the same as a desktop application.“ • The display is paramount Compact Sreen Size - 480*320 pixels (iPhone 3 and lower), 960*640 pixels (since iPhone 4), 1024*768 pixels (iPad) • Device orientation can change to any time • Memory is not unlimted • Apps Respond to gestures, not clicks • One screen at a timeiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Platform Differences 2/2 „An iPhone OS-based device is not a desktop or laptop computer, and an iPhone application is not the same as a desktop application.“ • Preferences are available in settings • Apps have a more or less just on single window • Minimal User HelpiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

What Are Your Options? „Depending on the implementation details and its intended audience, some types of software may be better suited to your needs than others.“ • An iPhone Application (available in App Store) • Web-only Content (compare http://itunes.tugraz.at): - Web Application - Optimized webpage - Compatible webpage • Hybrid Applications (access to web content)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

3 Application Styles „... applicaton styles, based on visual and behavioral characterstics, data model, and user experience.“ • What do you expect to be the user‘s motivation for using the application? • What do you itend to be the user‘s experience while using the application? • What is the goal or focus of the application? • How does the application organize and display the information people care about?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Productivity Applications „ ... enables tasks that are based on the organization and manipulation of detailed information“ • Organizing the list • Adding and subcontracting • Drilling down, performing tasks on reached leveliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Utility Applications „ ... perfoms a simply task that requires a minimum of user input.“ • visually attractive • enhancement of information display • Organize of information into a flattened list of items; no hierachyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Immersive Applications „ ... offers a full-screen, visually rich environment that‘s focused on the content and the user‘s experience with that content“ • tends to hide much of device‘s user interface • use of nonstandards controls appropriate • information presentation in the context of game-play, story or experienceiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Choosing an App Style „When in doubt, keep it simple.“ • Pare the feature list to the minimum • To bring ideas from you desktop application to an iPhone application, apply the 80-20 rule (the largest percentage of users will use a very limited number of features) • Find the core tasksiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Case Study: Mail „ ... when people are mobile, their needs for an email application are simpler, and they want access to core functionality quickly.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Design the App For the Device „... you need to make sure that your app looks and feels like it was designed expressly for an iOS-based device.“ • Embrace iOS UI paradigms (controls should look tappabel, App structure should be clean, ...) • Ensure that unvirsal apps run well on both (iPhone and iPad) • Reconsider web-based designs • Tailor customization to the task • Prototype and IterateiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

From iPhone to iPad Application http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/scolirk/4652688063iPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

Compatibility Mode „Unmodiﬁed, iPhone applications are running in a compatibility mode on iPad, but it does not give them the device-speciﬁc experience they want.“ • Games and other immersive iPhone applications may not need much change in information architecture, because they are experience driven. In general they need a siginificant revision of artwork and interaction. • iPhone productivity applications tend to require some rearchitecting of the information hierachy, in addation to an enriched UI and an enhanced user experience. • Utility applications need be reenvisioned for iPad so that they can take advantage of the larger screen.iPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

Human Interface Principles http://www.flickr.com/photos/wonderlane/4315076635iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Great User Interface „ ... follows human interface design principles, that are based on the way people think and work, not on the capibilities of the device.“ • Methaphors (playback control, sliding on-off switching, ...) • Direct Manipulation (with the Multi-Touch Interface) • Consistency (application has to take the standards) • Feedback (must be immediate) • User Control (user, not the application must initiate and control actions) • Asthetc Integrity (how well the appearance of you application integrates with your functionality)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

User Experience Guidelines http://www.flickr.com/photos/rivalee/2939042459iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Focus on the Primary Task „An iPhone Application that establishes and maintains focus on its primary functionality is satisfying and enjoyable to use“ • What is most important in each context? • Is the provided information essential, does a user need this information right now?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Build in Simplicty/Ease of Use „ ... users are probably doing other things while they simultaneously use your application“ • Elevate the content that people care about • Think Top Down - High level Information near the top of the screen (independent of how people tap on screen, top is most visible) • Minimize text input and Keep essential information succinctly • Give people a logical path to follow • Provide a fingertip-size target area for all tappable elements (calculator example: 44*44 pixel)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Communicate Effectively „ ... avoid technical jargon in the user interface“ • Feedback is important • use user-centric terminologyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Support Gestures Appropriately „To ensure that your application is discoverable and easy to use, therefore, try to limit the gestures you require to the most popular.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Think about each detail „ ... iOS devices are personal devices, but ...“ • Downplay File-Handling Operations • Enable Collaboration and Connectedness • De-emphasize Settings • Brand appropriately • Make search quick and rewarding • Use UI Elements consistentlyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Graphical Interface - don‘t forget about it „ Rich, beautiful, engaging graphics draw people into an application and make the simplest task rewarding....“ • Consider Adding Physicality and Realism • Delight People with Stunning Graphics • Use subtle Animation to communicate • Ask People to save only when necessaryiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

For iPad 1/2 • Enhance Interactivity • Reduce Full-Screen Transitions (update only the areas of the UI that need it) • Restrain your information hierachy (more information in just one place) • Migrate Toolbar Content to the TopiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

For iPad 2/2 „Consider Using Popovers for some modal tasks...“ • Does the task require more than one type of input? • Does the taks require people to drill down through a hierachy of views? • Might people want to something in the main view before they finish the task? • Is the task fairly in-depth and does it represent one of the application‘s main functions?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iOS Technology Usage Guidlines http://www.flickr.com/photos/intherough/4263146374iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iCloud Storage „iCloud storage helps people access the content they care about regardless of which device they are currently using.“ • Respect the user‘s iCloud account • Determine which types of information to store • Make sure your app behaves reasonably when iCloud storage is unavailable • Avoid asking users to choose which documents to store • Warn users about the consequences of deleting a document • Be sure to include the user‘s iCloud content in searchesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Multitasking „ Multitasking allows people to switch quickly among recently used applications, because apps can be suspended in the background when they are quit.“ • Be ready for interruptions, and ready to resume • Make sure your UI can handle the double- high status bar • Be ready to pause activities that require people’s attention or active participation • Ensure that your audio behaves appropriatelyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Multitasking „ Multitasking allows people to switch quickly among recently used applications, because apps can be suspended in the background when they are quit.“ • Use local notifications sparingly • When appropriate, finish user-initiated tasks in the background.iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Notification Center 1/2 „... gives a user a single, convenient place in which to view notiﬁcations from their apps.“ • Keep badge contents up to date • Don‘t send multiple notifications for the same event • Provide a custom message that does not include your app name • Provide a sound that users can choose to hear when a notification arrivesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Notification Center 2/2 „iOS apps that support local or push notiﬁcations can use the following notiﬁcation styles.“ Banner Sound Alert BadgeiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Printing „ ... users can wirelessly print content from your application“ • Use the system-provided Action button • Display the Print item when printing is a primary function in the current context • If appropriate, provide additional printing options to users • Don’t display print-specific UI if users can’t printiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iAd „ ... you can allow advertisements to display within your application and you can receive revenue when users see or interact with them“ • size 320*50 • Place the banner view at or near the bottom of the screen • Ensure that banner views appear when it makes sense in your application • As much as possible, display banner ads in both orientationsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iAd „ ... you can allow advertisements to display within your application and you can receive revenue when users see or interact with them“ • Don’t allow an ad to scroll off the screen • While people view or interact with ads, pause activities that require their attention or interaction • Don’t stop an ad, except in rare circumstancesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Using Sound „ ... users always expect to hear alarms that they have set.“ • Ring/Silent Switch (avoid sound if it is not explicity set) • Volume Buttons (the user always decided the loudness) • Headset and Headphones (plug in headsets means sound has to be set privately) • Wireless audio (disconnection = pause, connection = no pause) • Defining the Audio Behavior is essential taskiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Starting „iPhone Application should start instantly so users can begin using them without delay“ • Specify appropriate status bar styles • Display a launch image • Avoid displaying an About window, splash screen or another tpye of startup experiences • Launch in portrait orientationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Stopping „iphone Applications should never quit programmatically“ • Be prepared to receive an exit or terminate notification at any time. • Save the current state when stopping • Avoid alerts • User has to decide if continuing you application or pressing the Home ButtoniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Settings and Configuration „It‘s best when iPhone application do not aks users to specify any settings at all“ • Focus your solutions on the needs of 80 percent of users • Get as much information as possible from other sources • If you must ask for setup-information, prompt users to enter within your application • Offer configuration options in the main user interface or on the back of a screeniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

.... „Don‘t provide a button for a built-in action, because users will wonder why there are two ways to do the same thing in your application“ • Support Copy and Paste • Support Undo and Redo • Enabling Push Notifications (delivery is not guaranteed) • Providing Search and Displaying Search Results • Using the User‘s LocationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iPhone - HI Guidelines Planning your iPhone Software Product Designing the User Interface of your iPhone ApplicationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Brief Tour of the Application User InterfaceiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012 http://www.flickr.com/photos/ari/4314027331

Main parts of application screen „Every application, regardless of type, has an application window“ • Status Bar • Navigation Bar • Tab Bar • ToolbariPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Users are accustomed to the look and behavior of standard views and controlsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012 http://www.flickr.com/photos/r_catalano/4180965353

Status Bar „People expect to see the current battery charge of their device; hiding this information [...] is not an ideal user experience“ • hiding status bar in case of immersive application (carefully decision) • important bar (cell signal strength, network, battery) • three possible colorsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Navigation Bar „ ... appears at the upper edge of an application screen, just below the status bar.“ • enable navigation among different views in an application • provide title and controls that manage the items in a viewiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Tool Bar „ ... performs actions related to objects in the current view.“ • constrain the number of items (44*44 pixels) • use the predefined buttons • colors blue and blackiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Tab Bars „ If you application provides different perspectives on the same set of data, ... .“ • icons and text, all equal in width and black background • tab does not change its opacity or height, regardless of orientattion • more than five tabs, iPhone OS add a „More“ tab • badging a Tab is possible to communicate in a noninstrutive wayiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Alerts, Action Sheets, Modal Views „ ... appear when something requires the user‘s attention ... “iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Alerts „ ... give users criticial information in a highly visible way. “ • minize the number of alerts • ask for confirmation • single / double button alertiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Action Sheet „ ... appears as the result of a user action ... “ • no display of a textual message • two different backgrounds • the closer the top, the more visible • be aware of mistakenly tapping the bottom button instead of Home buttoniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Table View „ ... presents data in a single-column list of multiple rows.“ • provide feedback when user select a list item • display content immediately • plain / group style • different table-view elementsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Text View „ ... is a region that displays multiple lines of text ....“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Different Application Controls „Remember that users expect familiar controls to behave as they to in the built-in applications.“ • Activity Indicators • Progress Views • Date and Time Pickers • Rounded Rectangle Buttons • Disclosure Buttons • Search Bars • Info Buttons • Segmented Controls • Labels • Sliders • Page Indicators • Text Fields • PickersiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iPad only: Popover (1/2) „... is a transient view that can be revealed when people tap a control or an onscreen area. “ • can contain table, image map, text, web or custom views • display additional information or list or items • display contents of left pane of a split view-based application • display an action sheetiPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

iPad only: Popover (2/2) „... is a transient view that can be revealed when people tap a control or an onscreen area. “ • save users‘ work when they tap outside a popover‘s border • ensure that the popover arrow points as directly as possible to the element • make sure people can use popover without seeing the application content behind it • only one popover should be visible onscreen at a time • avoid making it too bigiPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

iPad only: Split View (1/2) „... is a full screen view that consits of two side-by- side panes. “iPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

iPad only: Split View (1/2) „... is a full screen view that consits of two side-by- side panes. “ • only available in iPad • use to display persistent information in the left pane and related details in the right pane • both panes can contain table, image, map, text, web or custom views as well as navigation bars, tool bars or tab bars • avoid creating a right pane that is narrower than the left pane (left pane is fixed to 320 points in all orientations) • indicate the current selection in the left paneiPad Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2010

Sytem Provided Buttons „ ... promote a consistent user experience and make your job easier.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Creating Custom Icons and ImagesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012 http://www.flickr.com/photos/conorpendergrast/2634918994

Application Icons „This is a place where branding and strong visual design should come together into a compact, instantly instantly recognizable, attractive package.“ • rounded corners, drop shadow, reflective shine automatically added • measures 57*57 pixel (114*114 for high resolution) • small icon for spotlight search (29*29; 58*58 high resolution)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Launch Images „To enhance the user‘s experience at application launch ... .“ • should not an about window, branding elements • measures 320*480 pixel (640*940 high resolution) • it is solely intended to enhance the user‘s perception, as quick launch, ready for useiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Icons for ... „do not redesign standard buttons“ • simple and streamlined • not easily mistaken • readily understood and widely acceptable • Use color and shadow judiciously to help the icon tell its story • Create an idealized version of the subject rather than using a photo • Don‘t use replicas of Apple productsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Tips for Creating Great Artwork „The Retina display allows you to display high- resolution versiony of your art and icons.“ • Richer in texture, more detailed and more realistic • Scale up your original work up to 200% • Add detail and depthiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

iPad - New Way for Applications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdExukJVUGIiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

What happens when you hand a 3-year-old an iPhone? http://elearningblog.tugraz.at/archives/2994iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2012

Slides available at: http://elearningblog.tugraz.at SOCIAL LEARNING Computer and Information Services Graz University of Technology Graz University of Technology Martin Ebner martin.ebner@tugraz.at mebner http://elearning.tugraz.at

http://www.scoop.it	674
http://elearningblog.tugraz.at	491
http://feeds.feedburner.com	9
http://wbt24.de	6
http://127.0.0.1	2
http://207.46.192.232	1
http://translate.googleusercontent.com	1
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com	1

iPhone / iPad - Human Interface Guidelines

by Martin Ebner

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

8 Embeds 1,185

Statistics