2. I. Function A. Receive information (Stimulation) B. Store information C. Make decisions D. Send Responses to Body (Response) E. Maintain Homeostasis
3. II. Neuron A. Cell 1. Large cell body 2. Thread like projections – Dendrites 3. One large projection – Axon 4. Many small endings – Axon Bulbs B. Pathway 1. Information enters through dendrites 2. Processed in cell body 3. Travels down axons 4. Exits out axon bulbs 5. Speed = 120 meters/second 6. Numbers = Many billions
4. C. Synapse 1. Axon Bulb i. Release chemical a. Neurotransmitter b. Exocytosis ii. Signal dendrite iii. Up to 10,000 links
5. III. Parts A. Central Nervous System (CNS) 1. Brain i. Number = 100 billion neurons ii. Parts a. Cerebrum (thought) b. Cerebellum (muscle) c. Brain Stem (life support) 2. Spinal Cord (link to PNS)
6. B. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) 1.Connects body to CNS 2. Parts i. Somatic Nervous System a. Voluntary body functions ii. Autonomic Nervous System a. Involuntary body functions
7. IV. Reflexes A. Rapid Response (without knowledge) 1. Sensory Neuron Detects 2. Spinal Cord Sends Response 3. Nerves Move Muscles in hand 4. Spinal Cord Notifies Brain of action taken
8. V. Injuries A. Concussions 1. Bruising Brain 2. Brain Pushed against skull 3. May result in death or long term damage B. Spinal Cord 1. Lack control below injured nerves 2. Result in paralysis or death
9. VI. Drugs A. Definition: Any chemical that changes behavior B. Drug Abuse: Deliberate misuse of drug 1. Mood changes 2. Lying & Cheating 3. Forgetfulness 4. Withdrawn 5. Aggressive 6. Slurred speech
10. C. Tolerance 1. Body adjusts to drug so large amounts are needed 2. Overdose becomes higher risk
11. D. Addiction 1. Body altered by drug 2. Physical dependence on chemical 3. Sever withdrawal symptoms may occur when normal body chemistry is restored
12. E. Other Effects 1. Pathogens for dirty needles 2. Legal problems 3. School/work problems
13. F. Types of Drugs 1. Depressants i. Slow central nervous system ii. Muscles relax to point of sleep 2. Stimulants i. Speed up Central Nervous System ii. Rapid heart rate, breathing, … 3. Inhalants: Into lungs 4. Hallucinogens: see or hear things not real 5. Steroids i. Increase muscle size ii. Internal organ damage iii. Mood alteration
14. 6. Alcohol i. Absorbed directly by stomach ii. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) a. 0.1 BAC is 0.1% alcohol b. 0.08 BAC is legally drunk iii. Danger Every two minutes someone dead by alcohol iv. Long Term Abuse a. Mental change b. Liver Damage
