This document provides information about supporting others in working safely, including contributing to WHS processes and hazard identification. It discusses: - Worker and PCBU responsibilities under WHS legislation to provide a safe workplace. This includes maintaining equipment, facilities, and providing training. - The roles of health and safety representatives and committees in facilitating consultation between workers and management on WHS matters. Representatives investigate hazards and complaints while committees develop WHS policies. - The importance of workers proactively maintaining a clean and tidy work area and notifying supervisors of any equipment issues. Workers must also participate in WHS training.

1. Participate in WHS processes

2. AREAS (ELEMENTS) COVERED
• 1. Support others in working safely;
• 2. Contribute to WHS participative
processes;
• 3. Contribute to WHS participative
processes;
• 4. Contribute to hazard identification, WHS
risk assessment and risk control activities.
• 5. Participate in the control of emergency
situations.

3. • Section 1 Weeks 2 – 7
Plan and conduct work safely

4. Work Health and Safety Act 2011 No 10
Week 2 25th July
• On January 2012 new Work Health and
Safety (WHS) laws replaced the
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws
of 2000 in NSW.
• Every industry – including community based
organisations i.e children's services - must
incorporate the WHS legislation and
regulation into their workplace code of
practice.

5. Hazard identification and
management
Week 3 1/8/2013
What is a risk?
What is a hazard?

6. What is a hazard?
The Work Health and Safety
Regulation of 2011 defines a hazard
as 'anything (including work
practices and procedures) that has
the potential to harm the health or
safety of a person'.

7. What is a risk?
In relation to any hazard, means the
probability and consequence of injury,
illness or damage resulting from exposure
to a hazard.

8. Hazards arise from....
• The work environment
• The use of machinery and substances
• Poor work design
• Inappropriate systems and procedures

9. Before commencing any new task it is very
important to make an assessment of the
task, the available equipment and the
available personnel and to ensure that a
plan of action is implemented that is safe
and effective. Planning an activity before
carrying it through is part of 'best practice'
in any industry.

10. 5 Broad areas of hazards
These include :
(physical/ergonomic covered wk 3)
(chemical, biological, mechanical and psychological covered
wk 4)
• Physical (including ergonomic) e.g noise,
radiation, light, vibration
• Chemical e.g. poisons, dust
• Biological e.g. viruses, plants, parasites
• Mechanical/electrical e.g slips, trips and
falls, tools, electrical equipment
• Psychological e.g. fatigue, violence,

11. Physical/Environmental hazards
What would be defined as a hazard in
a children's centre?
• Computer desk and chair at an
inappropriate height;
• Insufficient lighting;
• Air quality i.e. lack of fresh
air/ventilation
• Lack of fresh air from outdoor play

12. Ergonomic hazards
• Ergonomic hazards are those related to the
physical workplace tasks that workers are
required to perform e.g. lifting, carrying,
data entry, putting away equipment,
emptying bins, sweeping floors
• What would be a main hazard within a
children's centre that relates to lifting?

13. 5 Broad areas of hazards
Week 4 8/8/2013
These include:
• Physical e.g noise, radiation, light, vibration
• Chemical e.g. poisons, dust
• Biological e.g. viruses, plants, parasites
• Mechanical/electrical e.g slips, trips and
falls, tools, electrical equipment
• Psychological e.g. fatigue, violence,
bullying.

14. Chemical hazards
• Chemical hazards must be stored safely and
out or reach of children in a high, locked
and labelled cupboard. Chemicals should
be labelled - listing their contents, potential
risk to health, precautions, first aid and
expiry.

15. Material safety data sheets
(MSDS)
• Material Safety Data Sheets are a way of
conveying health and safety information to
users of chemicals in the workplace. Under the
Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011,
manufacturers and importers have an
obligation to prepare MSDS for chemicals as
hazardous substances or dangerous goods and
must pass this information on to persons using
those chemicals at work.
• For those chemicals used in your place of work
the appropriate MSDS must be readily available
and in close proximity to the place the

17. Biological/Chemical Hazards
Our bodies come into contact with many
different germs every day. Health hazards arise
from -
* Poor hygiene techniques
* Dealing with body fluids
* Lack of protective clothing such as
gloves
* Lack of hand washing facilities
* Poor ventilation
* Poor cleaning

18. Electrical or mechanical hazards
• Electrical hazards All electrical circuitry or
appliances must be checked, fitted and
maintained by properly qualified electricians.
Equipment must be checked and tagged at least
every twelve months with some equipment required
to be tagged and checked more frequently, usually
every six months.
• In workplaces where children attend, or may visit, all
power points must have safety plugs inserted,
ensuring there is no access to the electrical circuitry.
• National Quality Standards, Element 2.3.2 Every
reasonable precaution is taken to protect children
from harm and any hazard likely to cause injury'.

19. Pyschological hazards
• Psychological hazards include stress,
violence, discrimination and aggression.
These hazards are less easy to predict and
more difficult to control. The
violent/aggressive staff member, client or
visitor and the busy, understaffed,
workplace often arise with little warning.
Stressful events can be increased by lack of
training, lack of supervision, lack of staff
support and staff liaison.

20. Psychological hazards (cont)
• Workplace stress is a potential hazard
in all workplaces although some are more
susceptible than others due to
• The fluctuating workload,
• The demanding nature of the clients, and
the
• Unpredictability of the work

21. Week 5 - August
15th
2013
What to do about hazards
Hazard identification and
management
Risk assessment and management

22. WHAT TO DO ABOUT HAZARDS
Depending on your role in an organisation
and your training, there may be varying
expectations from your employer or
management with regard to your level
and within your scope of practice.

23. Regardless of what role you play in your
workplace, it is still your responsibility to -
– Identify
– Assess and
– Control workplace safety
hazards.

24. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
AND
MANAGEMENT
It is important for workers to be aware of
hazards. The work health and safety
committee (or co-worker who is the
centre representative) may recommend
hazard specific training.

25. WHAT TO DO ABOUT HAZARDS
Hazard management plans can be
developed after hazards have been
identified e.g. a physical management
plan.
Hazard identification, risk assessment, and
elimination (so far as is reasonable
practice) - or control, offer the best
opportunity for reducing workplace injury
or illness.

26. RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
In any organisation there is a protocol to
be followed when a worker wishes to raise
a WHS issue.
Initially the immediate supervisor needs to
be approached. Depending on the issue,
the supervisor may * Request that the query is put in writing
* That the staff member writes it on a
hazard/incident form. -

27. Once the issue has been raised, the
following steps apply 1) Once advised, the PCBU (director) will
direct it to the Work Health and Safety
representative/committee member.
2) A consultation will be held to manage
the issue.
3) The worker may be asked to write about
the hazard on a form e.g hazard/incident

28. RISK ASSESSMENT
•
Is necessary to prevent accidents
and to maintain workplace safety.
•
Assessing for risks is not something
that we do automatically – we
need to make a conscious effort to
assess for risks.
•
There may be a checklist that we
need to complete to ensure safety
for all (e.g Week 3 outdoor).

29. ANOTHER CHECKLIST:
When changing a nappy – ensure that...
•
The table is set up to ensure minimal
•
•
•
lifting and twisting (stairs that pull out of
the cupboard and lead to the change
table – for heavier toddlers);
There is adequate PPE and supplies for
the change;
The infant understands what we are
going to do before we pick them up;
There are no obstacles in our way.

30. If the worker feels that
hazards are not dealt with
appropriately and adequately
through available channels in
the workplace, the matter can
be reported to WorkCover
NSW for further investigation.

31. Week 6 22nd
August
2013
* Steps towards hazard
management
* Assessing risks and
prioritising

32. STEPS
TOWARDS
HAZARD
MANAGEMENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Identify the hazard
Assess the risk
Initiate immediate control
Communicate and report
Repair/control the hazard
Review

33. IDENTIFY THE HAZARD
•
Checking for hazards must be done
regularly and routinely;
•
In a service which has high client/staff
numbers it should be done before
the service opens;
•
These checks should be documented
and signed off;

34. IDENTIFY THE HAZARD (CONT)
•
Most services will have a room by
room checklist/ or a central checklist
area;
•
Regular checks ensure hazards are
identified quickly;
•
Staff develop habitual hazard checking
skills.

35. ASSESS THE RISK
• Once identified the hazard MUST
be assessed for its potential to
cause injury or illness;
•
The Hazpack kit from Workcover
uses a matrix to assist in risk
assessment. The number reflects the
importance of each hazard i.e.
ranking 1 is the highest priority.

36. INITIATE IMMEDIATE CONTROL
When you identify a hazard, and have
assessed it as a priority, do something
immediately to reduce or control that
hazard. ….. I.E. WARNING SIGNS AND
CONTAINMENT MEASURES

37. COMMUNICATE AND REPORT
• The employer/manager is ultimatly
responsible for WHS in the
workplace.
•
ANY significant hazard/risk must be
reported immediately.
•
When a hazard is identifed – those
at risk must be warned.
•
A written report or documentation
is necessary if the hazard is
significant or has caused any

38. REPAIR AND CONTROL THE DAMAGE
•
The nature of the hazard will
depend on the method of control
and repair.
•
Usually the WHS rep or manager will
co-ordinate this process
•
There should be a list of contractors
on the office wall – should the need
arise to contact them i.e.
plumber/electrician/roof

39. Week 7 -
August 29th 2013
Personal and
professional
workplace hazards
Training package Pp 45 -50

40. Workplace harassment
Workplace harassment is where a person is
subjected to behaviour, other than sexual
harassment that:
1. is repeated, unwelcome and unsolicited;
2. the person considers to be offensive,
intimidating, humiliating ,threatening;
3. a reasonable person would consider it to be
offensive humiliating, intimidating or
threatening.

41. What would a children's service have in place
for it's employees to ensure workplace harassment
is contained or dealt with?

42. STRESS
• In most instances workplace stress arises from general
day to day workplace issues.
• Stress usually has a slow and insidious onset.
• It is difficult to manage and difficult to alleviate.
• Stress is not a disease but a disturbance to your
psychological health which often is shown in your
attitude, mental function and physical health.

43. STRESS
• Stress is harmful to both mind and body.
• How a person reacts to stress can be dependant upon
each individual and their support system.
• If there are sufficient and effective counselling provisions
or family and peer support, then stress is often managed
better.
• WHY?

44. STRESS
• If there have been previous stressful events, stress has
not been recognised early or there are multiple issues
involved, then stressful events are not easy to manage.
What causes one person great stress may not trouble
another.

45. STRESS
What factors would create stress in a
children's services workplace?

46. STRESS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Extremely busy and turbulent work.
A high ratio of inexperienced staff.
Under qualified staff.
High turnover of staff.
Too many demands.
Extremely monotonous work.
Every workplace can have this from time to time – so
stress can arise in any job at any time.

47. BULLYING
• Bullying at work is a problem that is
only just beginning to be recognised
as one of the main causes of
workplace stress.

48. BULLYING
• A bully is a person who uses strength or power to
coerce others by fear.
• Workplace bullying exists in various forms.
• It involves behaviour that intimidates, degrades or
humiliates a worker – sometimes in front of others.
• Sometimes the behaviour is subtle and not easily
observed by others...i.e. Put downs, aggression,
poorly managed conflict, opinions or personality
clashes.

49. STEPS TO DEAL WITH STRESS
•
•
•
•
Identify what stresses you.
Identify your reaction to stress.
Identify what you can use or do to reduce stress.
Manage your stress, control the situation DON'T LET IT
CONTROL YOU!.
• Be aware of other's stress.
• OVERACTIVE.
• IN ANY JOB YOU WILL NEED TO BE ABLE TO MANAGE
YOUR STRESS.

50. Section 2 Weeks 8 – 11
Supporting others in working safely

51. Week 8 th
September 5 2013
Contributing to WHS in
the workplace
Worker/PCBU responsibilities and
contribution
WHS maintenance by workers
Maintenance of WHS training
Health and safety representatives
Health and safety committees
Training package Pp 54 - 58

52. Worker/PCBU responsibilities and
contribution
The Work Health and Safety Act 2011 is important as it sets
out responsibilities for everyone in the workplace.
Under the act the main duty of the Person Conducting a
Business or Undertaking (PCBU) is to provide a safe and
healthy workplace for workers or other persons. To
achieve this the PCBU must ensure a • Safe systems or work
• Safe work environment
• Accommodation for workers, if provided, is appropriate
• Safe use of plant, structures and substances

53. Worker/PCBU responsibilities and
contribution
• Facilities for the welfare of workers are adequate
• Notification and recording of workplace incidents
• Adequate information, training, instruction and
supervision is given
• Compliance with the requirements under the work
place and safety regulation
• Effective systems are in place for monitoring the
health of workers and workplace conditions
(Workcover 2012)

54. WHS maintenance by workers
• It is imperative that in any workplace, in any industry
and organisation each worker is proactive in
maintaining a clear, clean and tidy work area.
Prevention of accident, injury and illness in the
workplace involves a commitment from the
management, the unions and workers. It cannot be
effective unless everyone fully participates.
• It is the responsibility of each worker to maintain the
equipment that they use and to notify any
malfunction to a supervisor.

55. WHS maintenance by workers
• Equipment must be kept clean and must be stored in
the correct area as soon as possible after use.
• Exits must be clearly marked and must not be blocked
by equipment or rubbish.
• Rubbish should be cleared away regularly.
• Staff must participate regularly in training provided
regarding WH&S.

56. Consultation activities
• Attending meetings
• Completing surveys
• Receiving feedback from management about issues
raised at meetings/daily work/through surveys
• The consultation process MUST acknowledge the
opinions of everyone
• Consultation can be achieved through
1) Health and safety representatives, and
2) Health and safety committees.

57. Health and safety representatives
Their role is to facilitate the flow of information about
health and safety between the PCBU and the workers
by • Representing workers relating to WHS matters
• Monitor WHS actions taken by the PCBU
• Investigate WHS complaints from workers
• Investigate possible hazards/risks in the workplace.

58. Health and safety committees
Health and safety committees bring together workers
and management to assist the development and
review of health and safety policies and procedures
for the workplace by, • Encouraging co-operation between the parties listed
above
• Assist in developing standards, rules and procedures
relative to health and safety (WorkCover 2012).

59. Week 9
th
September 12 2013
The role of the
WorkCover Authority of NSW
Training package Pp 59 - 65

60. The WorkCover Authority of NSW
The WorkCover Authority of NSW manages
workplace safety, injury management and
workers compensation systems. It is
responsible for ensuring compliance with
Work Health and Safety legislation and
ensures that worker compensation and
rehabilitation procedures are carried out
correctly.

61. The WorkCover Authority of NSW
The WorkCover Authority:
• Promotes the prevention of injury and diseases at the
workplace and the development of healthy and safe
workplaces
• Promotes the prompt, efficient and effective
management of injuries to people at work

62. The WorkCover Authority of NSW
The WorkCover Authority: (cont)
• Ensures the efficient operation of workers
compensation insurance arrangements
• Ensures the appropriate co-ordination of
arrangements for the administration of schemes to
which the workers compensation legislation or the
work health and safety legislation relates to.

63. The WorkCover Authority of NSW
WorkCover inspectors have the power to :
• Inspect the workplace to ascertain compliance with
the Work Health and Safety Act
• Issue notices and fines.

64. Grievances
Most conflicts are resolved with effective
consultation between management and workers.
There are times, however, when WHS disputes
between workers and employees will arise and will be
difficult to resolve. They may take some time and a
measure of compromise to find a solution.
• On occasion, mediators are necessary to give an
impartial judgement on the situation. Any complaints
need to be dealt with in an open, fair and effective
manner. All complaints should be regarded seriously,
documented and dealt with either formally or
informally.

65. Training
•
•
•
•
•
•
All new employees should undergo WHS training. This
includes:
All workplace health and safety procedures.
Reporting of hazards to management.
Manual handling training.
Recording and documenting accident and incident
information.
Where and how to access further WHS information.
Workers compensation issues and claims.

66. Standard operating procedures
Also known as Safe Work Procedures and Work Method
Statements, standard operating procedures outline
the PPE (personal protective equipment) required for
• The task at hand
• The correct sequence of steps
• The potential hazards or risks that could be
encountered at each step
• How to do it – the actual operating procedure.

67. Designated persons and hierarchy of
control
WHS legislation requires that hazards and risks be
controlled in a systematic manner.
• If it is NOT practical to eliminate the risks, then the
risk needs to be reduced using control measures.
• Substitution
• Isolation
• Engineering controls
• Administrative controls
• PPE
• Refer to Hierarchy of Hazard/Control Chart (p63)

68. Week 10 and Week 11
September 19th and October 10th 2013
SECTION 1
Manual handling
Steps to safe lifting
Safe bending/stretching/standing
Carrying children
SECTION 2
Infection control and illness
Cleaning/Teaching/Planning
Contaminated waste control
Exposure to biological hazards
PPE
North Coast TAFE CHCO8 Community Services Training Package HLTWHS300A
Learner Guide Version 1 Pp 65 - 81

69. MANUAL HANDLING
•
•
•
•
•
Manual handling means physically forceful
movement that ultimately requires the use of your
back:
Lifting
Pushing
Reaching
Pulling
and Carrying.
If these are not performed safely and correctly they
can cause a range of damage to your back/spine.

70. MANUAL HANDLING
• Damage to your back can cause headaches, neck,
shoulder, lower back and leg pain. If nerve damage
occurs then often there is tingling, loss of sensation
or numbness.
• Any damage done can be extremely painful, takes a
long time to improve and has a nasty habit of
reoccurring. You have only one spine and in some
cases damage done cannot be fully repaired.
• Therefore it is extremely important that you take
great care of your back.

71. LIFTING
Lifting may include • Picking up toys
• Helping a person up from a chair
• Picking up a baby, toddler or preschool aged child.
• It does not matter how heavy the object – what is
important is that when you are lifting it must be
done in the correct manner.

72. LIFTING
• The best way to avoid a lifting injury is to avoid
lifting where ever possible.
• If an object can be wheeled, left in place or dealt
with without it being moved – it is preferable.

73. STEPS TO SAFE LIFTING
BEFORE YOU LIFT
• 1)Assess the weight – if the object is too heavy or
awkward do not try and move it on your own
• 2)Communicate your lift – if you are lifting a child, let
them know you are doing so. If you are attempting to
lift an object, let those around you know so they can
stay out of your way. If you are lifting with an
assistant, the co-ordination and planning requires you
to communicate together.
• 3)Get close to what you are lifting. Place it as close as
possible to your body. Do not stretch or reach.

74. STEPS TO SAFE LIFTING
DURING THE LIFT
• 1) Bend your knees – the strongest muscles in your
body should be used for lifting. This is not your back,
but your leg, buttocks and stomach muscles. By
bending your knees and bracing/tightening these
muscles, stress is placed on these and NOT your back.
• 2) Keep your back straight
• 3) Collect and keep the load close - when you are
lifting and carrying it is important to keep the load as
close as possible to your body. This ensures you are
using the correct muscles.

75. STEPS TO SAFE LIFTING
DURING THE LIFT
• 4) Never ever twist when you carry. Use your feet to
change direction.
• 5) Lift for as short a time as possible.

76. STEPS TO SAFE LIFTING
AFTER THE LIFT • Put the load down carefully. The replacement of the
object is just as important as the lift.
So, to lower an object - reverse the safe lifting
procedure.
• 1) Communicate.
• 2) Bend your knees.
• 3) Keep your back straight.
• 4) Keep the load close to your body. Until you reach
as near as possible to it's final destination.

77. STEPS TO SAFE LIFTING
Do not carry things when you do not need to.
Carry them (if necessary) the shortest, safest distance.
If it is a large or awkward object, lift in small stages.
Avoid lifting for long periods and over large distances.

78. THE TEAM LIFT
• The same rules for a team lift apply (as above).
However, there are a few extra precautions when
lifting large and difficult objects.
• A larger and heavier load requires the area that it is
moving - to and from – to be clear of any hazards.
• Hazards include TRIP HAZARDS such as small children,
rugs, toys etc and SNAG HAZARDS such as table edges
or doorways.

79. THE TEAM LIFT
• The lift needs to be planned ahead, with room to
maneuver and the pathways cleared.
• Communication is obviously extremely important. The
person who has the best view will take charge of the
lift. Usually this is the person moving in the forward
direction.
• This person will count (usually to 3) to pick up and put
down the load and will take steps to communicate
the action necessary in order to prevent accidents.

80. THE TEAM LIFT
ALWAYS try to lift with someone who is roughly the
same height. If one handler is vastly taller than the
other then the smaller person will end up taking the
majority of the load.
• There is also less chance of twisting if you are both
heading in the same direction.
• The use of a side step motion is more stable than one
person walking backwards.

81. SAFE BENDING AND STRETCHING
• All objects that you are required to lift MUST BE
WITHIN CORRECT REACHING RANGE.
• The reach of each person is different, so the safe
reach range is different for everyone.

82. SAFE BENDING AND STRETCHING
• All surfaces that you work on, or at, should be around
the average hip height. There should also be ways to
adjust this height – if necessary – using step
ladders/small foot stools etc
• Shelving and storage – items used frequently should
always be stored at waist level. Why?
• 1) It assists you when you are in a hurry and do not
take the time to get steps. You can collect the item
without dropping or damaging it.
• 2) It makes the working process faster and more
efficient.

83. SAFE BENDINGSTORAGE
SAFE AND STRETCHING
• Light, infrequently used items should be housed on
the top shelves, and heavy, infrequently used items
should be ideally housed on the bottom shelves.

84. SAFE BENDING AND STRETCHING
SAFE STANDING
• Standing for long periods can also affect your back.
• It is important to move around and if standing, ensure
your knees are slightly bent and that you keep your
leg, stomach and buttock muscles braced for strength.
Some ways to assist are:
• Using a stool to lean on and have your weight
supported;
• Have a foot rest to enable shifting of your posture;
• Have breaks so you can sit.

85. CARRYING CHILDREN
• Always carry children with care and for short
distances only.
• You should never carry children on hips as it twists
the spine.
• Always ensure children are well supported by placing
one hand under their buttocks and one hand behind
their back.

86. OTHER HAZARDS
• SLIPPING AND FALLING. To avoid accidents always:
• 1. Clear high pedestrian areas such as doorways,
stairs and areas where people stand and work so
there are no trip hazards;

87. OTHER HAZARDS
• 2. Use signage on moveable equipment to indicate
how many staff are required to lift e.g 2 people for a
table;
• 3. Dry wet floors as soon as possible and ensure
hazard signs and/or barriers are put in place
immediately.

88. SECTION 2
Infection control and illness
Cleaning/Teaching/Planning
Contaminated waste control
Exposure to biological hazards
PPE

89. INFECTION CONTROL AND ILLNESS
To prevent germ spread and maintain a safe
environment the service MUST ensure the following
areas are attended to:
 Cleaning – this refers to your personal hygiene, the
washing of all hands and all areas, equipment, and
surfaces in the service.
 Teaching – this includes teaching staff and clients
and providing information, posters and notices to
encourage good hygiene practices.

90. INFECTION CONTROL AND ILLNESS
 Exclusion – Exclusion means that all staff, clients
and visitors with infections must stay away from the
service till they are better and all who attend the
service should be immunised.
 Planning – Planning includes a good layout of the
service, the separation of areas of high contamination
such as toilets away from food preparation areas and
areas accessed by small, ill or elderly clients. Ensuring
sufficient staff numbers will ensure good hygiene
practices occur.

91. CLEANING
This includes personal hygiene, cleaning of body fluid
spills, using specific cloths to avoid cross
contamination between areas and routine cleaning of
the service.
 Good personal hygiene will not only reduce the
chances of you spreading infection but also reduces
the chances of you catching one!

92. PERSONAL HYGIENE PRACTICES
This should have included  Hand washing
Wearing of clean clothing
Showering daily
Care of skin abrasions or cuts
Clean nails and hair.

93. WASHING HANDS
Hand washing is the primary means of reducing the
risk of spreading germ infection.
It is important that you wash your hands frequently
and thoroughly.
Hands should be washed BEFORE you touch anything
that might be susceptible to infection such as food,
small babies, wounds etc.
Hands should be washed AFTER you touch anything
that may contain germs, such as body fluids, cleaning
fluids, cleaning agents, dirty laundry etc

94. GLOVES
You need to wear gloves when your hands come into
contact with bodily fluids;
For example nose wiping;
Cleaning up a spill;
Dealing with blood;
Changing soiled sheets.
ALWAYS REMEMBER TO WASH YOUR HANDS AFTER
WEARING GLOVES.

95. WASHING HANDS AND GLOVES
Using your iPads, look up the book listed below
Staying Healthy in Child Care
5th edition
– PART 3 Personal Hygiene – in particular 3.1.1 Pp 41 to 43
And read first before we practice!
 1 HOW TO WASH HANDS WITH SOAP AND WATER
 2 HOW TO WASH HANDS WITH AN ALCOHOL BASED
HAND RUB
 3 DISPOSABLE GLOVES

96. CLEANING
CLEANING OF THE SERVICE THOROUGHLY WILL ALSO
REDUCE INFECTION.
 This should be done regularly and as a matter of
routine, on a daily/weekly basis.
 Particularly when an infection has occurred or,
A body spill has happened.
Each service will have their own cleaning routine and
specific agents to use.

97. CLEANING
REMEMBER ALWAYS KEEP CLEANING
AGENTS IN AN ADULT HEIGHT
LOCKED CUPBOARD AND MINIMISE
THE USE OF HARMFUL PRODUCTS
WHEN CHILDREN ARE PRESENT.

98. TEACHING
Services should provide information in the form of
posters, videos and leaflets etc to both parents and
staff to assist with teaching an increased awareness
for infection control measures, as well as disease
prevention.
If a transmittable disease occurs in a service, then the
staff and clients attending need to be made aware of
that disease, its mode of transmission and symptoms.

99. EXCLUSION POLICY
In any workplace with a volume of persons, either staff
or clients, diseases will inevitably be spread by air,
touch or body fluid contact. Those who are unwell particularly at the onset of any illness, should remain
at home.
Those who have been infected must comply with the
exclusion policy of the service and remain at home
until the disease is deemed non-infectious.
The public health office must be informed if a
notifiable disease occurs. They will give advice about
exclusion/isolation requirements.

100. PLANNING
All services need to plan for infection control
measures, as well as for manual handling, safety and
stress reduction.
For infection control, this includes situating all areas
of high micro-organism activities such as toilets,
waste bins, laundry or sick bays away from kitchens,
areas where the elderly, very young or immune
deficient attend or where any medical procedures are
taking place.
Information about immunisation/infectious
diseases/exclusion periods/notifiable diseases can be
found at www.health.nsw.gov.au

101. CONTAMINATED WASTE DISPOSAL
Any biological hazards must be treated with
extreme care. Biological hazards include:
 Body fluids
 Needles and syringes
 Dressings and bandages
 Nappies and soiled linen

102. CONTAMINATED WASTE DISPOSAL
All bins and buckets for contaminated waste
purposes should be specifically marked with
biohazard symbols, kept sealed and away from all
persons/clients.
Bags used must be strong, leak-proof and NEVER over
filled. Gloves must be provided and used when
dealing with such waste.
These containers require particular care
when using and storing.

103. CONTAMINATED WASTE DISPOSAL
Sharps must be placed in designated containers.
Theses containers require particular care when using &
storing. Sharps include razors, syringes, needles etc.
These must be in sealed, strong, leak-proof
containers with hazard symbols apparent to all.
Do not overfill these containers or put hands inside the
container when disposing of sharps.

104. EXPOSURE TO BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
If you are exposed to a biological hazard, the following
steps should be taken:
 If a puncture wound, wash under running water;
If bleeding allow free flow of blood;
 If eye splash, rinse under flowing water;
 Remove any contaminated clothing;
 Inform the director/manager;
 Complete an incident form;
 Seek medical advice.

105. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
These PPE would include  Sunscreen;
 Protective eye glasses/goggles;
 Gowns;
 Masks;
 Plastic aprons;
 Helmets;
 Ear muffs/plugs;
 Reflective wear.

106. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
Section 4 of the NSW Work, Health and Safety
Regulation 2011 refers to the provision of workers
and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Where the health and safety of the staff is at risk, all
staff must be provided with adequate and sufficient
PPE.
The equipment must be well stored, maintained and
marked so it can be located by all.
Staff must be trained in its use and its limitations.
The PPE must reflect the activities of the service.

107. Week 12
October 17th 2013
PARTICIPATE IN THE
CONTROL OF EMERGENCY
SITUATIONS
Defining an emergency and an evacuation
Reviewing fire/emergency equipment
In the event of a fire – procedure
 Chemical dangers
First aid equipment
Human threats
Evacuations and lock downs
North Coast TAFE CHCO8 Community Services Training Package HLTWHS300A
Learner Guide Version 1 Pp 82 - 99

108. DEFINING AN EMERGENCY AND
EVACUATION
There are many types of emergencies that can happen
both inside and outside the workplace:
Fire;
Explosion;
Gas leak;
Bomb threat;
Chemical spill;
Flood;
Human threat.
Although rare–these occurrences MUST be planned for.

109. FIRE AND EVACUATION
Fire can occur in all environments – internal or
external; a kitchen fire; electrical fire; explosion or a
bushfire. The 3 requirements for a fire to start are Ignition source – heat, flames, sparks;
Fuel – solid, liquid or gas;
Oxygen – air or chemical reactions.

110. FIRE AND EVACUATION
Good fire prevention measures are the main reason that
fires in the workplace are rare events. All persons in the
workplace are responsible for ensuring all fire prevention
measures are followed and fire hazards are spotted and
removed. NSW WorkCover legislation states that the
employer of a service must ensure that:
1) The evacuation procedure is safe, rapid and effective;
2) Emergency communication and first aid equipment is
sufficient and available;
3) Evacuation arrangements are displayed and practiced
(and documented).
4) An evacuation co-ordinator is appointed.

111. FIRE AND EVACUATION
As an employee of the service, you are responsible for
understanding and following all of the emergency
procedures. All new staff should be given information
about 1) The location of extinguishers, hoses, blankets and fire
exits;
2) Where the evacuation point is;
3) Where the first aid kit is located.
You will be required to take part in any practice
evacuation and know how and what fire fighting
equipment to use in case of an emergency.

112. FIRE AND EVACUATION
For those students working or volunteering at a service, are
you aware of emergency exits, fire equipment, evacuation
procedures, first aid kit locations and assembly points?

113. FIRE AND EVACUATION
ACTIVITY 2
Using your iPads – students are to look up a children's
service website to view a policy and procedure that
relates to emergency evacuations.
Discuss.

114. FIRE AND EVACUATION
FIRE EQUIPMENT
The dry powder fire extinguisher is very
effective on flammable liquids, electrical fires
and gases
A fire blanket covers a
fire to cut supply of
oxygen or can be used to
wrap a person whose
clothes are on fire.
CO2 fire extinguisher– for
computer/electrical fires
http://www.kingfire.com.au/

115. CHEMICAL DANGERS
If chemicals/hazardous substances used in a service are stored or
used improperly they pose both a potential health and safety
hazard.
Before using an agent read the label for directions, safety
precautions and wear gloves.

116. CHEMICAL DANGERS
CHEMICAL PRODUCT LABELS MUST SHOW:
Name of product
Directions for use
List of ingredients
Expiry date
Hazards of use
First aid directions
Safety information
Contact details of supplier and manufacturer
All hazardous substances MUST also have an MSDS
(Material Safety Data Sheet).

117. FIRST AID EQUIPMENT
In all services with children, a first aider must be
present at all times.
The Education and Care Services National Regulations
(Regulation 136) states that one person on the grounds
has first aid, as well as emergency asthma and anaphylaxis
training.
ACTIVITY 5 (3.6) p 97 Let us look up the following
website to find a first aid kit for a service with 39 children.
Www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA - LOOK UP FIRST AID

118. HUMAN THREAT
Outsiders/strangers can also pose a threat. ANY
suspicious persons or activities MUST be documented and
the police involved if there is a perceived threat.
To reduce human threats, services should:
NEVER leave a single staff member alone.
Train staff to respond to threatening situations.
Ensure there are efficient staff to client ratios.
Ensure all security gates/locks are functional and are
used properly.
Ensure doorways, toilets and car parks are well lit and
visible.
Use alarms and locks in high risk areas.

119. LOCK DOWN
There are very few occasions where this is required –
however a policy and procedure must be within the
service emergency plan.
Lock down arises if there is an emergency outside the
service and the people within the service require
protection.
The service is closed to outsiders and is opened for
emergency services and police only, until the crisis has
passed. Use of telephones is restricted to emergency
contact and all access if locked.