HSE

2. Course ObjectivesCourse Objectives
• To improve HSE Performance on SiteTo improve HSE Performance on Site
• To improve the level of knowledge of SafetyTo improve the level of knowledge of Safety
OfficersOfficers
• To provide them with a qualification byTo provide them with a qualification by
examination – 1 week after courseexamination – 1 week after course
• Remove those that do not meet the standardRemove those that do not meet the standard
requiredrequired

3. Course ContentCourse Content
Subject
Course Introduction
The Role and Duties of a Safety Officer
Unsafe Acts & Unsafe Conditions
Hazards & Risk Assessment
Incident Investigation
Construction Safety Rules
Course close-out

4. Safety Policy – Your ResponsibilitySafety Policy – Your Responsibility
• To coordinate, promote and monitor the implementationTo coordinate, promote and monitor the implementation
of the requirements of the Company’s Health, Safety andof the requirements of the Company’s Health, Safety and
Environmental Management System (HSEMS),Environmental Management System (HSEMS),
•To liaise with and support Area Managers/Supervisors/To liaise with and support Area Managers/Supervisors/
Superintendents in the identification of hazards andSuperintendents in the identification of hazards and
reducing the risk to as low as reasonably practicalreducing the risk to as low as reasonably practical
(ALARP),(ALARP),
•To strive to meet the Managements vision of:To strive to meet the Managements vision of:
No harm to peopleNo harm to people
No Damage to equipmentNo Damage to equipment
No spills to the environmentNo spills to the environment
No delays in progressNo delays in progress

5. Safety Policy – Your ResponsibilitySafety Policy – Your Responsibility
•To identify Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions and implementTo identify Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions and implement
•corrective/ remedial actions to maintain a safe place of work,corrective/ remedial actions to maintain a safe place of work,
•To assist Management in the correct Incident ReportingTo assist Management in the correct Incident Reporting
procedures to ensure corrective actions are identified toprocedures to ensure corrective actions are identified to
prevent reoccurrence,prevent reoccurrence,
•To monitor compliance to all site rules and regulationsTo monitor compliance to all site rules and regulations..

6. • LeaderLeader
• KnowledgeableKnowledgeable
• RespectedRespected
• CheerfulCheerful
• BraveBrave
• HonestHonest
• CommunicatorCommunicator
• ConfidentConfident
• ConscientiousConscientious
• Hard WorkingHard Working
• HumbleHumble
• IntelligentIntelligent
• VisibleVisible
• ResourcefulResourceful
Attributes of a Good Safety OfficerAttributes of a Good Safety Officer
“COMMON SENSE APPROACH TO SAFETY”

7. RESPONSIBILITY FOR HSE
Managing Director
Site Managers
Supervisors/ Superintendents
Foremen
Workers
HSE Manager
HSE Team
HSE is the responsibility ofHSE is the responsibility of
Line ManagementLine Management
HSE Department advise ManagementHSE Department advise Management
and monitor & control compliance to SMS.and monitor & control compliance to SMS.

8. • Set a personal example,Set a personal example,
• Check Area against Weekly Checklist –Check Area against Weekly Checklist –
provision of safe place of work!provision of safe place of work!
• Discuss with Area Supervisor/ SuperintendentDiscuss with Area Supervisor/ Superintendent
the weekly/ daily work plan and all hazardsthe weekly/ daily work plan and all hazards
identified with these tasks,identified with these tasks,
• Assist Supervisors/ carry out the Pre-job ToolAssist Supervisors/ carry out the Pre-job Tool
Box talks on hazards identified, changes inBox talks on hazards identified, changes in
Safety rules or Unsafe acts on site from previousSafety rules or Unsafe acts on site from previous
days observations.days observations.
Duties of Safety Officers (1)Duties of Safety Officers (1)

9. » Continuously carry out site inspections to ensureContinuously carry out site inspections to ensure
that only safe work practices are in operation,that only safe work practices are in operation,
that health and safety requirements are beingthat health and safety requirements are being
complied with, and welfare facilities arecomplied with, and welfare facilities are
adequate/properly maintained.adequate/properly maintained.
» Stop the work of anyone that is not inStop the work of anyone that is not in
compliance to safe working practices and discusscompliance to safe working practices and discuss
their failings – promote behavior safety.their failings – promote behavior safety.
» Identify unsafe conditions and insure thatIdentify unsafe conditions and insure that
corrective actions are quickly put into place.corrective actions are quickly put into place.
» Ensure that Access/escape is maintained at allEnsure that Access/escape is maintained at all
timestimes
Duties of Safety Officers (2)Duties of Safety Officers (2)

10. • Take the lead in dealing with any site emergencyTake the lead in dealing with any site emergency
until relieved by a more senior/ experienceduntil relieved by a more senior/ experienced
person,person,
• Assist the Supervisor in the event of an incidentAssist the Supervisor in the event of an incident
occurring on site – Report – Informing –occurring on site – Report – Informing –
Investigation – Taking photographs and gatheringInvestigation – Taking photographs and gathering
evidence – making safe the incident scene.evidence – making safe the incident scene.
• Advising the Area Supervisor on safe workAdvising the Area Supervisor on safe work
practices and Company HSEMS requirementspractices and Company HSEMS requirements,,
• Liaising with Client’s HSE Management team &Liaising with Client’s HSE Management team &
complying to their requirements – Meet and Greet!complying to their requirements – Meet and Greet!
Duties of Safety Officers (3)Duties of Safety Officers (3)

11. Duties of Safety Officers (4)Duties of Safety Officers (4)
MeetingsMeetings Gas TesterGas Tester SafetySafety
ObservationsObservations
AuditsAudits PTWPTW
CoordinatorCoordinator
ManpowerManpower
StatisticsStatistics
TrainingTraining HSE ReportsHSE Reports AccidentAccident
StatisticsStatistics
PPEPPE IncidentIncident
InvestigationInvestigation
DisciplinaryDisciplinary
ActionsActions
• Carry out any other duty required:Carry out any other duty required:

12. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENTHAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENT

13. Why do we need Risk Assessment ?
STOP !

14. Why do we need Risk Assessment ?
STOP !

15. Anything that has the potential to cause
harm, ill health and injury, damage to
property, products or the environment,
production losses or increase liabilities.
HAZARDHAZARD

16. HAZARDHAZARD
Crossing a busy roadCrossing a busy road

17. Crossing a Public RoadCrossing a Public Road

18. Value of Checklists for the Identification of HazardsValue of Checklists for the Identification of Hazards

19. ENERGY SOURCE
* Electrical
* Gas
* Radiation
* Falling objects
* Noise
* Steam
* Compressed air
* Explosives
MECHANICAL
* Crushing
* Shearing
* Cutting
* Caught in machinery
* Impact
* Stabbing
* Friction
* Vibration
THE WORKSITE
* Trip hazards
* Fall from height
* Confined space
* Other people; above,
below, adjacent, behind
* Blind corners
* Waste material generated
* Escape routes blocked
PRODUCT ESCAPE
*Leak
*Spill
*Overflow
*Wrong mix
MATERIAL/CHEMICAL
EXPOSURE
* Inhalation
* Absorption
* Swallow
* Eye Contact
MANUAL HANDLING
* Pushing
* Pulling
* Lifting
* Repetitive movement
* Over exertion
HAZARD CHECKLISTHAZARD CHECKLIST

20. HazardHazard,Hazard,Hazard Effect & ProbabilityEffect & Probability

21. Distinguishing betweenDistinguishing between
Hazard ,Hazard ,Hazard Effect andHazard Effect and
ProbabilityProbability
( use your hazard checklist)( use your hazard checklist)

22. Hazard / Hazard Effect / ProbabilityHazard / Hazard Effect / Probability
Task Hazards Hazards Effect Probability
Operating An old
Bench Grinder approx
5 times per day for
approx 5 mins each
time of use
Electricity / No Earth
Poor Lighting
Heat from Chisel
Spark
Noise
Clothing Caught in
Fumes
Drop tool
Electric Shock
Trip & lacerate hands/face on
wheel
Burnt Finger
Eye Injury
Hearing Damage
Severe laceration of hand/arms
Lung Damage
Chisel hits wheel & stabs
Operator
Medium
Low
Low
High
Medium –
Low
Medium
Low
Low

23. Is a combination of the HazardIs a combination of the Hazard
effect and the Probability thateffect and the Probability that
will Harm People, damagewill Harm People, damage
Property or adversely effect theProperty or adversely effect the
Environment will actually occurEnvironment will actually occur
RISKRISK

24. RiskRisk
• Hazard effect
• No. of persons and extent of loss
Combined with
• Probability
• Chance that the hazard effect will occur

25. Evaluating ProbabilityEvaluating Probability
• How often the Hazard Effect is likely to occur
taking into account the frequency with which the
task is performed Consider:
Who?
What?
Where?
Why?
When?
How?
How Long?
How Often?
How Much?
“Decide upon a Realistic rating High, Medium, Low”

26. • Risk is a measure of both the consequence /
hazard effect of an undesired event and the
probability of that event
RiskRisk
Consequence
Probability
Increasing
Risk

27. Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment
Risk Assessment is a method for
systematically examining a job
to identify hazards , evaluate the
risks and specify appropriate
safeguards.

28. Hazard Effect
Probability
HIGH
>1 in 10 highly likely
MEDIUM
1 in 10
- 1 in 1000
sometimes
LOW
<1 in 1000
exteremely unlikely
VERY HIGH - Multiple Fatality
(VH) - Major Facility Damage
> $ 5,000,000
- Environment Major Spill
1,000 - 10,000 bbls
H 15
H 14
H 11
HIGH(H) - Single Fatality
- Significant Facility Damage
$ 5,000,000 - $ 5,000,000
- Environment Significant
Spill > 100 bbls
H 13
H 12
H 10
MEDIUM (M) - Permanent Disability / DAWC
- Moderate Damage
$ 100,000 - $ 500,000
- Environment Reportable
15 - 100 bbls
H 9
M 8
M 4
LOW (L) - Single or Multiple Minor Injuries
- Minor Facility Damage
$ 100,000
- Environment Minor Loss 1
- 15 bbls
M 7
M 6
L 2
VERY LOW - Single First Aid
(VL) - Minor Facility Damage
< $ 10,000
- Environment Slight Loss
1 bbls
M5
L 3
L 1
RISK MATRIXRISK MATRIX

29. Risk
Factor Control Action
15
14
13
Immediate action, task must not proceed, serious loss potential.
The task should be re-defined or, further control measures put in
place to reduce risk, these controls again must be subject to a full
assessment and accepted before the taks may commence.
12
11
10
9
Task may only proceed folowing direct authorization from
OIM/Site Manager following consultation with any specialist
personnel and full assessment steam. Wherever possible the task
should be re-defined to take account of the hazards involved or the
risk should be reduced further prior to the task commencing
8
7
6
The task may proceed, however only under strict supervision and
monitoring. The team must revisit all areas of the assessment to
see if risks may be reduced further before the tasks is allowed to
proceed.
5
4 Acceptable measures, howerver review to see if risk can be
reduced still further.3
2
1
Acceptable levels of risk - no need to consider further
measures.

30. ““Golden SafetyGolden Safety
RulesRules””
Permit to
Work
Working at
Height
Delivery of Basic Work Site Safety RulesDelivery of Basic Work Site Safety Rules
Energy
Isolation
Energy
Isolation
Permit to
Work
Permit to
Work
ExcavationsExcavations
Management
of change
(MOC)
Management
of change
(MOC)
Confined
Spaces
Confined
Spaces
Lifting
Operations
Lifting
OperationsVehiclesVehicles

31. MINOR INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDUREMINOR INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE
(Class C)(Class C)
INITIAL HAND-WRITTEN
REPORT TO HSE
MANAGER (to EPC &
PMT)
Max 24 hours)
FINAL /INTERIM
WRITTEN INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION
REPORT ( to EPC & PMT)
(Max 7 days)
VERBAL REPORT TO EPC
HSE
SUPERVISOR/MANAGER
Investigation carried out by Site Safety
Officer & Supervisor
INCIDENTINCIDENT

32. MAJOR INCIDENT REPORTINGMAJOR INCIDENT REPORTING
PROCEDURE (Class A & B)PROCEDURE (Class A & B)
INCIDENT:
Initial Report and initial actions in accordance withInitial Report and initial actions in accordance with
Emergency Response ProcedureEmergency Response Procedure
(SHARQ/PMT/EPC).(SHARQ/PMT/EPC).
Fire may be investigated By ISD Fire Department onFire may be investigated By ISD Fire Department on
completion of operations.completion of operations.
INITIAL VERBAL
REPORT TO
SUPERVISOR
ASAP
HSE PERSONNELON SITE—DECIDE
POSSIBLE CLASS A or B.
(FATALITY OR LTI POTENTIAL)
INCIDENT
CALL EPC & PMT HSE MANAGER IMMEDIATELY TO
COME TO SITE TO START PRELIMINARY
INCIDENT INVESTIGATION,.
(Interview personnel, photograph site, barricade incident area,
etc. DECIDE ON INCIDENT A or B
NO
YES
GO BACK TO MINOR
REPORTING PROCEDURE
REPORT TO PMC HSE MANAGER
IMMEDIATELY ON DECLARATION OF
CLASS A or B
&
PROJECT MANAGEMENT (EPC &PMT)
Hand over control to Project IncidentHand over control to Project Incident
Investigation TeamInvestigation Team

33. CLASS ‘A’ CLASS ‘B’
FATALITY LOST TIME ACCIDENT (LTI)
RESTRICTED WORK INJURY (LWI)
PROPERT DAMAGE
EXCEEDING SR 10 MILLION
PROPERTY LOSS
SR 0.1 - 10 MILLION
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS/SUBSTANCES &
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Release/spillage exceeding 10 MT at a rate more
than 1 MT/min.
Impact of release outside the Affiliates premises
resulting in a fatality to personnel outside the
Affiliates premises.
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS/SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS WASTE
Release/spillage of 2-10 MT and rate exceeding 1 MT/min or
Impact on outside resulting in MTI to
Personnel.
Illegal dumping/disposal of hazardous waste outside.
NON-HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS SUBSTANCE (INCLUDING
POLYMERS,FERTILISER ETC.) & WASTE
Impact of release within the Affiliates premises only and Release/spillage
exceeding 10MT
Illegal dumping/disposal of waste outside.
GROUND WATER/SOIL
CONTAMINATION
Contamination of deeper/potable water aquifer.
GROUND WATER/SOIL
CONTAMINATION
Contamination of soil or above base line of ground water table.
LOSS OR THEFT OF REGULATED
RADIOACTIVE SOURCE
Exposure of a single dose in excess of 7.5 µSv per hour to non-Radiation
Classified Worker in un-controlled Radiation area or exposure exceeding 20
µSv per year to Radiation Classified Worker

34. Company RulesCompany Rules

35. Company RulesCompany Rules

36. EXCAVATIONSEXCAVATIONS

37. Excavation Hazards
– Water
accumulation
– Adjacent
structures
– Hazardous
atmospheres
– Loose rock or soil
– Falls
– Cave-in
– Surface
encumbrances
– Utilities
– Access/Egress
– Vehicle traffic
– Falling loads
– Mobile equipment

38. UtilitiesUtilities
• Underground
– Locate prior to digging
– Certify deactivation
– Protect, support, or remove

39. UtilitiesUtilities
• Aboveground
– De-energize or
– Isolation from
power lines

40. Access/EgressAccess/Egress
• Note: Poor housekeeping --- # 1 cause of
slips, trips and falls on construction projects
– Debris kept cleared from work areas
– Mark hazards
– Barricade or cover holes
• Egress provided-
– 25’ travel distance
– ladders
– ramps
– stairs

41. Vehicle TrafficVehicle Traffic
• Traffic Control
• Traffic Safety Vests

42. Exposure to Falling LoadsExposure to Falling Loads
• No work under loads
• Operators remain in
cab

43. Mobile EquipmentMobile Equipment
• Warning system
– Barricades
– Hand signals
– Mechanical signals
– Stop logs
– Grade away from excavation

44. Hazardous AtmospheresHazardous Atmospheres
• Test 4 if suspected
– Methane
– Oxygen
– CO
– H2S

45. VentilationVentilation
• Displace hazardous
gases and vapors
• Considerations
– Heavier than air or
lighter than air
contaminant
– Exhausting or blowing in
– Volume/time required to
lower concentrations to
acceptable levels

46. Water AccumulationWater Accumulation
• Protection from hazards
associated with water
accumulation
– Protection against cave-in
– Water removal (pumping)
– Run-off protection
– Consider temporary shut-off of
water lines

47. Adjacent StructuresAdjacent Structures
• Ensure structure stability
– Shoring
– Bracing
– Underpinning
– Or evaluation by P.E.

48. Loose Rock and SoilLoose Rock and Soil
• Protection of
employees from loose
rock or soil
– Scaling
– Protective barriers
– Placing material at
least 2’ from edge
– No work on slopes
above workers

49. Fall ProtectionFall Protection
• Any surface 6 feet or more above a lower
level shall be protected by:
– walkways with guardrail systems
– personal fall arrest systems
• Other options include:
– warning lines systems
– safety monitoring systems

50. Cave-inCave-in
• Protection from
cave-in requires a
systematic
approach
including:
– Soil classification
– Protective systems
– Inspection
– Employee training

51. Soil ClassificationSoil Classification
• Soil Classification (Type A,B,or C)
determines construction of protective
system:
– Sloping or benching
– Shoring
• Timber shoring
• Aluminum shoring

52. !
Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Required unless:
– Excavation in stable
rock
– Excavation less than 5ft
and examination by
Competent Person
determines no potential
for cave-in

53. Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Options Include:
– Sloping and benching
– Shoring/sheet piling/
shielding (e.g.trench
boxes)
– Designed by P.E. if
deeper than 20’

54. Simple SlopingSimple Sloping
• Type A - 3/4:1
• Type B - 1:1
• Type C - 1½ :1

55. BenchingBenching
• Type A
• Type B
– (cohesive soil)
• Type C - NONE
NA

56. ShoringShoring
• Based on OSHA Appendices
• Based on Manufacturer data
• Designed by a P.E.

57. Timber Shoring InstallationsTimber Shoring Installations
• Appendix C of OSHA
regulations
• Requires soil
classification
• Based on depth and width
of trench
• Consult tables for specs
on
– Cross braces
– Wales
– Uprights

58. Aluminum Shoring InstallationsAluminum Shoring Installations
• Appendix D of OSHA
regulations
• Requires soil classification
• Based on depth and width of
trench
• Consult tables for specs on
– Hydraulic cylinders
– Wales
– Uprights

59. Shields (i.e. Trench Boxes)Shields (i.e. Trench Boxes)

60. Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Installation
– Securely connected
– Employees clear of area
under shields during
installation
– Installed to prevent
movement
– Must protect employees
while entering excavation

61. Protective SystemsProtective Systems
• Removal
– Employees clear of
area under shields
during removal
– Shoring removed from
the bottom up,
SLOWLY!
– Backfill with removal

62. Excavation InspectionsExcavation Inspections
• Daily Inspections of ALL excavations by
Competent Person
– Start of shift, as needed, following
rainstorms or other hazard-increasing event
• Possible cave-ins
• Protective system failure
• Water accumulation
• Hazardous atmospheres
– Competent person has authority to remove
workers from the excavation

63. Excavation RescueExcavation Rescue

64. Excavation RescueExcavation Rescue

65. WORKING AT HEIGHTSWORKING AT HEIGHTS

66. Working at HeightsWorking at Heights
Working at heights of 2 meters (6 Feet) or higher above the ground
cannot proceed unless:
A fixed platform issued with guard or handrails verified by a
competent person(s) or
Fall arrest equipment is used that is capable of supporting at
least a 2275Kg (5000 lbs) static load per person
Fall arrest equipment will limit free fall to 2 meters (6 feet) or less
Person(s) are competent to perform the work.
A visual inspection of the fall arrest equipment and system is
complete and any equipment that is damaged or has been activated
is taken out of service

67. Guardrails to preventGuardrails to prevent
falls, including rails onfalls, including rails on
purlin trolley systemspurlin trolley systems
Fall arrest matsFall arrest mats
oror
Safety NetsSafety Nets
Cable or track-basedCable or track-based
systems with attachingsystems with attaching
lanyards too short tolanyards too short to
reach fall danger areareach fall danger area
(work positioning)(work positioning)
Cable or track-basedCable or track-based
systems (harness andsystems (harness and
lanyards)lanyards)
Prevention
Active
Passive
Arrest
Traffic Light Selection RankingTraffic Light Selection Ranking

68. REDRED
GREENGREEN
ORANGEORANGE
DARK ORANGEDARK ORANGE
Last resort look for alternative safe system of work
Attempt to find an alternative safe system of work
and proceed with caution
Seek advice from risk assessment and proceed with
due diligence.
Proceed with due care.
Traffic Light Selection RankingTraffic Light Selection Ranking

69. Personal Fall
Arrest System
(PFAS) Guardrails Safety Net
Fall Protection OptionsFall Protection Options

70. Fall Arrest SystemFall Arrest System
If a person falls, the full body harness
and lanyard is designed to bring a person
to a sudden but controlled stop after a
fall of 2m
It must be connected to the rear dorsal
connection of the harness
This system is called “fall arrest” where
a fall is stopped by the lanyard
becoming taut and preventing further
fall. A personal energy absorber will
minimise the load on the body to prevent
injury.
Single Lanyard
with shock
absorber

71. Shock AbsorberShock Absorber
Why have a Shock Absorber?
A 100kg person who is jerked to a stop after falling 2
metres generates a force on a lanyard without a shock
absorber approximately equivalent to a 2000kg
mass(20 x gravity). If there is no shock absorber this
will either cause severe injury or cause the lanyard or
harness to fail resulting in severe injury.
A shock absorber is designed to unzip gradually at the
end of the lanyard, so the force of coming to a stop
never exceeds 600N (equivalent to 600 kg or 6g), which
is regarded as a safe limit

72. Shock AbsorberShock Absorber
A new shock absorberA new shock absorber.
It is made of a length of
webbing, doubled back on itself
and accurately stitched
together.
It is designed and tested to
gradually unzip the stitching
and bring a person who falls to
a gentle stop.
This device reduces the shock to the body by absorbing some of
the fall energy

73. Shock AbsorberShock Absorber
A force greater than 200kg is required to unzip the
stitching.The load from a falling person is necessary
to cause the shock absorber to deploy.
When completely unzipped, the shock absorber is
1.75m long. The size of the person and distance of
the fall determines how far the absorber deploys.

74. • A 2m lanyard and tear
webbing energy absorber will
extend to 3.75 meters at a full
activation of the lanyard in
the event of a fall.
Choosing the correct length lanyardChoosing the correct length lanyard

75. Twin Tail Lanyard
Made with a single shock
absorber which attaches to the
dorsal D-Ring, with two lanyards
connected at the other end. (ie:
twin tails)
Correct use of Twin Tail LanyardCorrect use of Twin Tail Lanyard

76. A Twin Tail Lanyard is used to move from one Anchorage to the
next, with at least one hook always being connected.
This means protection against falls is always in place.
This is not possible if only a single lanyard is worn
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards

77. Never back hook the spare lanyard onto
yourself
IT CAN BE FATAL
Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards

78. Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
The photo shows….
One hook is attached to an anchor the
other is wrapped around the leg
The shock absorber is correctly
attached to the dorsal D ring.
If this person falls, the force can be
transferred to the spare lanyard
wrapped around the leg, NOT THE
SHOCK ABSORBER
WRONG
CAN BE FATAL

79. Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
WRONG
CAN BE FATAL
After a fall of 2 m….
The connection between the two
lanyards will probably break
because the shock absorber does
not absorb any of the shock load.

80. Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
WRONG
CAN BE FATAL
If the lanyard or harness does not
fail, then the full force of the
sudden stop when the lanyard
pulls tight will cause massive
injuries.
DO NOT BACK HOOK THE
SPARE LANYARD ONTO
ANY PART OF YOUR BODY

81. Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
Instead of Back hooking the spare lanyard
to yourself….
•Connect the spare lanyard DIRECTLY to
another anchor point, or
• Connect both hooks to the same Anchor
but guard against roll out (explained
later), or
Never hook the spare lanyard onto the
other hook. It may damage the latch
mechanism or chafe the lanyard webbing.

82. Correct Use of Twin Tail LanyardsCorrect Use of Twin Tail Lanyards
SUMMARY
•A twin tail lanyard is used to move from one
anchorage to another anchorage
•When the spare tail is not being used, DO NOT
back hook onto your body, instead attach it to an
anchorage point. Take extra care against roll out.
•Ensure the shock absorber always cushions the fall
through the dorsal D-Ring.

83. A Twin Tail lanyard is a single
shock absorber with two
lanyards attached
•A Dual lanyard is two single
lanyards , each with its own
shock absorber
Correct use of a Dual LanyardDual Lanyard SafetyDual Lanyard Safety

84. Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Normal single lanyard
with single shock
absorber
Dual lanyard, two single lanyards
each with its own shock absorber

85. Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Why Use a DUAL LANYARD??Why Use a DUAL LANYARD??
•To remain attached at all times when moving from one anchorage
to another requires two hooks.
•Some times the preferred twin tail is not available, and instead 2
single lanyards are used as a substitute.
Problems with DUAL Lanyards
•If both lanyards are connected the two shock absorbers will not
unzip correctly, and the sudden stop will probably cause internal
injuries or the lanyard or harness will fail
•It is possible for the attached lanyard to become disconnected
from the harness D Ring due to “ROLL OUT”

86. Correct use of a Dual LanyardCorrect use of a Dual Lanyard
Problem with two shock
Absorbers
If you take a fall with both
lanyards connected, the two
shock absorbers will break the
fall but it will be a very
sudden arrest and the load
will exceed 600kg (6g) -
internal injuries will probably
be a result.
Above shows two lanyards each with its own
shock absorber attached to the dorsal d ring

87. ENERGY ISOLATIONENERGY ISOLATION

88. Energy Isolation
Any isolation of energy systems; mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and
others, cannot proceed unless
The method of isolation and discharge of stored energy are agreed and
executed by a competent person(s)
Any stored energy is discharged
A system of locks and tags is utilised at isolation points
A test is contacted to ensure that isolation is effective
Isolation effectiveness is periodically monitored

89. Energy Isolation
What A Typical Lockout/Tagout Looks Like With a
Contractor & Personal Protection Lock.

90. GENERAL REQUIREMENTSGENERAL REQUIREMENTS
• Any equipment able to store hazardous energy must
have lockout and tagout capability.
• Only trained and authorised persons can perform
lockout - tagout.
• A lockout - tagout device cannot be removed on behalf
of another person, unless an approved transfer
procedure has taken place.
Energy IsolationsEnergy Isolations

91. LIFTING OPERATIONSLIFTING OPERATIONS

92. Lifting OperationsLifting Operations
Lifts utilising cranes, hoists, or other mechanical lifting devices will not
commence unless:
An assessment of the lift has been completed and the lift method and
equipment has been determined by a competent person(s)
Operators of powered lifting devices are trained and certified for the
equipment
Rigging of the load is carried out by a competent person
Lifting devices and equipment has been certified for use within the last
12 months (as a minimum)
Load does not exceed dynamic and/or static capacities of the lifting
equipment
Any safety devices installed on lifting equipment are operational
All lifting devices and equipment have been visually examined
before each lift by a competent person(s)
All critical lifts (Tandom lifts) to be signed off my Responsible person(s)

93. Heavy lifts that exceed 50 tons, tandem lifts (which includes)
tailing operations, those which exceed 80% of the maximum
rated safe working load (SWL) for the specific lifting
equipment. Close proximity to high voltage or process lines.
Abnormal lifts due to configuration could be considered as
critical lifts also and should be determined by the Crane
Coordinator.
Lifting Operations – Critical LiftsLifting Operations – Critical Lifts

94. CONFINED SPACE ENTRYCONFINED SPACE ENTRY

95. Confined Space EntryConfined Space Entry
Entry into any confined space cannot proceed unless:
All other options have been ruled out
Permit is issued with authorisation by a responsible person
Permit is communicated to all affected personnel and posted, as required
All person(s) involved are competent to do the work & wear a full body harness
All sources of energy affecting the space have been isolated
Testing of atmosphers is conducted, verified and repeated as defined
by the risk assessment
Stand-by person is stationed
Unauthorised entry is prevented
Rescue plan is conveyed to Emergency Team

96. Management of Change (MOC)Management of Change (MOC)
Work arising from temporary and permanent changes to organisation,
personnel, systems, process, procedures, equipment, products, materials
or substances, laws and regulations cannot proceed unless a Management
of Change process is completed, where applicable, to include:
A risk assessment conducted by all impacted by the change
Development of a work plan that clearly specifies the time scale for the
• Equipment, facilities and process
•Operations, maintenance, inspection procedures
•Training, personnel and communication
•Documentation
Authorisation of the work plan by the responsible person(s) through to
completion.

97. Permit to WorkPermit to Work
Before conducting work that involves confined space entry, work on energy
systems, ground disturbance in locations where buried hazards may exist
or hot work in potentially explosive environments, a permit must obtained
that:
Defines scope of work
Establishes control measures to eliminate or mitigate hazards
Identifies hazards and assesses risk
Links the work to other associated work permits or simultaneous operations
Is authorised by the responsible person(s)
Communicates above information to all involved in the work
Ensures adequate control over the return normal operations

98. SITE VEHICLESSITE VEHICLES

99. Site VehiclesSite Vehicles
Before bringing a vehicle on site the Site Manager should ensure that:
The site safety rules & Site Speed Limit (10 kph /20kpm is defined
The vehicle must be tested as serviceable and fit for purpose
Ensures that the driver is certified to drive the vehicle
The vehicle must have an up-to-date daily check list
Seat belts are worn when working on site (were fitted).
Vehicles are not left attended and locked – keys should be left in cab
PPE rules for each type of vehicle are well understood
No unauthorised drivers or use of vehicle