slides about Occupational Health and Safety Procedures

1. Practice Occupational
Health and Safety
Procedures

2. How do you ensure your safety in your house ?
How do you ensure your safety in coming to
school?

3. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
a. explain hazards and risks in the workplace.
b. identify hazards and risks indicators in the workplace.
c. determine the effects of hazards and risks
d. apply contingency measures in accordance with the OHS
procedures

4. What is a workplace?
• A workplace is an area where almost
all the activities of a certain industry
takes place. The production of goods
or services are generated here. A
certain level of safety and protection is
needed in all workplaces to ensure
that the welfare of everyone is taken
into consideration.
• Through OHS, you can ensure the
safety and protection of the workers.

5. What is an OHS?
• Occupational Safety and
Health (OHS) procedures is a set
of systematic plans and actions
to prevent any work related
accidents and illnesses. It is
carefully planned to identify and
recognize the hazards and risks in
the workplace.

6. What is an OHS?
• A hazard is a potential source of
any harm or adverse effect to
anyone. A risk is the possibility
that a person may be harmed or
suffers adverse health effects if
exposed to a hazard. It is
important that the management
recognizes these hazards so that
the risk of having mishaps will be
minimized.

7. There are three common steps in managing
health and safety at a workplace. These are:
1. Hazard Identification
– identifying the hazards in a
workplace is an important
assignment. Being able to identify
something is a potential hazard to
anyone will greatly minimize the
chance of it to become a risk.

8. There are three common steps in managing
health and safety at a workplace. These are:
2. Risk Assessment – this is
conducted to comprehend the
severity of the hazard and its
potential outcomes. It is a careful
examination on how a certain risk
would affect in an individual
including its adverse effects and
severity.

9. There are three common steps in managing
health and safety at a workplace. These are:
3. Risk Control – this is a
technique that gathers the
information taken from risk
assessment that helps the
management in creating plans and
changes to reduce the chances of
these risks to happen in a
workplace.

10. Key points
• Keeping the workplace safe is not only the responsibility of the
management.
• Occupational safety and health procedures are just guides on how to
maintain the well-being of the workplace.
• As a responsible worker, simple practices like keeping the work area
clean and organized can already help in minimizing hazards.
• One must also know how to work safely and properly especially when
handling tools that may incur physical or bodily injuries to anyone.
• Employees and the management must always work together to keep
the workplace safe and protected.

11. • In order to have a well accomplished hazard and risk assessment in a
workplace, a thorough investigation must be made. Hazards must be
identified and its risks be well recognized. Being able to identify the
hazards will help in carrying out the job requirements safely.
Recognizing and controlling the risks will help in eliminating a hazard.

12. What is a Hazard ?
• A hazard, as defined in the
Canadian Centre for Occupational
Health and Safety website, is the
source of any potential damage or
harm on a person or property in the
workplace. It can also be considered
as the actual harm in some cases.
On the other hand, risk is the
probability that a person or
property will be harmed or
affected. It is an uncertain situation
that can lead to the potential loss of
something of value.

13. Hazards can be classified into four categories:
• Physical - any natural or human-made elements that can cause
damage to the body or intense stress. Examples are hypothermia,
noise, ultraviolet rays.
• Chemical - these are substances that are either natural or human-
made that can cause damage or harm. It is also a system where
chemical accidents can happen, causing fire, explosions or leakages.
• Biological - these are biological elements such as viruses, toxins or
microorganisms
• Psychological - these are work-related stresses that affect a person's
well-being or health.

14. • To illustrate further, examples of physical hazards are electricity, fire,
water, gas, chemicals, noise, etc. These become hazardous once they pose
a threat or a potentially dangerous effect to a worker. Other hazardous
situations include confined working spaces, contaminated rooms or areas
exposed to highly contagious diseases.
• Fire becomes a hazardous in the workplace once it goes uncontrolled and
spreads out, causing damage to the company's equipment and potential
loss of life.
• Noise is also considered a hazard if it affects the employee's health,
especially for those working in the construction site or mines. Hazards can
also cause illness, death and loss of properties.

15. • Risks pose a potential loss in health,
safety, environment, economy,
information technology, business,
security, and maintenance.
• In security, risks are often managed
through creation of guidelines or
protocols that ensure the safety of
the people within the area. As part
of the security protocol, workers are
given identification cards (ID) to be
worn at all times in the premises.
This allows security enforcers to
monitor the people going in and out
of the area and will help them
identify suspicious individuals.

16. • Hazards and risks should be properly managed. Companies should
build a dependable health and safety management system that
addresses both concerns. It should be able to foresee the possible
hazards that can be given appropriate solutions and minimize the
risks that go along with it. This helps avoid future accidents and
probable losses from occurring and imposing threats to its workers
and assets.

17. There are different ways in identifying hazards and risks.
Basic means of identifying if something is a hazard are
as follows:
Read the labels and instructions
first. This will provide the
necessary technique in properly
using a tool or equipment. Reading
the labels of chemical based tools
will also reduce the risk of
poisoning from exposure.

18. There are different ways in identifying hazards and risks.
Basic means of identifying if something is a hazard are
as follows:
Checking the records of past
incidents can also help in
identifying hazards with almost
similar characteristics.

19. There are different ways in identifying hazards and risks.
Basic means of identifying if something is a hazard are
as follows:
Hazards can also be identified
during maintenance checks. If a
component of a machine is not
working properly, it can be
considered as a hazard.

20. There are different ways in identifying hazards and risks.
Basic means of identifying if something is a hazard are
as follows:
Proper observation of the
practices by the people in the
work area can also identify the
hazards and risks involved in
performing them. This will result in
a safer method of doing so.

21. There are different ways in identifying hazards and risks.
Basic means of identifying if something is a hazard are
as follows:
Work orientation can also help in
identifying a hazard. This type of
hazard involves how the operation
of a certain tool or equipment can
cause potential harm to the user.

22. Categories of a Hazard
• Hazards can be anything from physical things to actions done by
anyone. A way to spot a hazard is to know its category, an example of
it, and the harm it can cause to anyone. Listed below is a table that
shows the categories of a hazard, an example and risks involved:

23. In order to make use of the hazard indicator table
above, proper risk assessment must be made.
Risk assessment can be done by:
• Determining the severity of harm a hazard may inflict to the
user
• Knowing how a hazard may inflict the said harm to the user
• Identifying the chances or likelihood that an unwanted
accident might occur

24. • Being able to identify the hazards in a workplace will make it more
conducive for working. Proper risk assessment on the other hand will
help in making sure that risks are well managed and appropriate
actions, in case of incidents, are well established.

25. Contingency measures are part of
the standard occupational health
and safety policies and procedures
that is being implemented in a
workplace. It is designed to deal
with any minor or major incidents
or emergency that might occur in
the duration of performing a task.
Contingency measures are
composed of predefined
procedures on how to handle
situations wherein the well-being of
a personnel is being compromised.

26. Contingency measures
• Contingency measures must be planned ahead of time. Having it
accomplished will shed light to some hazards and risks that may not
be recognized before and will eventually bring out any deficiencies in
the equipment or items that is being utilized. The lack of planning
could lead to severe in juries or even loss of lives when an emergency
is encountered.

27. The following are the most common goals of
having contingency measures:
Prevent aggravated injuries or
death – having a personnel
severely injured, or worse, having
someone die in the workplace
while performing his daily task is
the last scenario any workplace
would like to encounter. If a proper
contingency measure has been
planned ahead of time, this
scenarios will be prevented since
proper actions will be taken at the
moment of an unwanted incident.

28. The following are the most common goals of
having contingency measures:
Reduce the damage to the
workplace and its equipment –
aside from protecting the
personnel, the workplace itself
must be secured from further
damages. Workplace and
equipment safety and protection
must also be included in the
contingency measures.

29. The following are the most common goals of
having contingency measures:
Continue the workflow – after
applying the appropriate
contingency measure, work must
resume as soon as possible. This is
so the workplace’s activities will
not be hampered for a prolonged
period of time which may result in
reduced production and pending
projects.

30. Listed in the table are some of the most common
hazards and the appropriate contingency measure
for each:

31. Listed in the table are some of the most common
hazards and the appropriate contingency measure
for each:

32. Listed in the table are some of the most common
hazards and the appropriate contingency measure
for each:

33. • Having a well-planned contingency measures in accordance with the
OHS policies and procedures will help in alleviating the risks involved
while experiencing an unwanted incident.
• Contingency measures must be put into action immediately to avoid
any further injuries and damage to properties.
• In case the scene could not be contained anymore, calling the
appropriate emergency personnel, like paramedics, firemen, and
explosive experts must be done immediately.