Cardiovascular Examination

1. The Cardiovascular
Examination
Dr Alihussein Isack Kassam
Mnazi Mmoja Hospital
Zanzibar
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2. General examination
• Pulse:
• Rate
• Rhythm
• Character
• Volume
• Peripheral pulses
• Radio- radial/ Radio- femoral delays
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3. • Pallor
• Clubbing
• Cyanosis
• Oedema
• Lymphadenopathy
• Jaundice
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4. Inverted J Method?
• When you report you have to report in IPPA method
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5. JVP
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6. Normal JVP is Less than 4cm
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7. How does one know JVP?
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8. Palpation
• Apex beat: Lowest and most lateral point at
• which the cardiac impulse is felt
• Normal: 5th intercostal space mid clavicular line
• Displacement from the normal site indicates
• cardiac enlargement; usually due to
• dilatation(MR,AR)
• In hypertrophy the cardiac location may be
• normal(AS)
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10. 1) Apex beat , 2) heave 3) Thrill
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11. Conditions in which you may not find an Apex
beat
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12. Percussion ?
• Rarely done?
• What can you find?
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13. Cardiac Auscultation
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14. • Lets have a brief Exercise
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15. Murmurs….. ( How students see it )
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18. Slide inayofuata ni ngumu sana,
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21. Questions ??????
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22. How one thinks after studying this slide
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