PPT ON PLANT AND ANIMAL TISSUE, MADE BY ABEL ABY JOHN

3. Epithelial
Tissue
Animal
tissue
Muscular
Tissue
Nervous
Tissue
Connective
Tissue

4. žThe tissue forms outer living of the body .it
protects internal organ from external
environment
žThey classified by four types:
(a) Squamous Epithelium
(b) Cubiodal Epithelium
(c) Ciliated columnar Epithelium
(d) Stratified Squamous Epithelium

5. Squamous epithelial tissue
ž In anatomy, a squamous epithelium (from Latin squama, "scale") is
an epithelium whose most superficial layer consists of flat, scale-like
cells called squamous epithelial cells.
Cuboidal epithelial
Cuboidal epithelia are epithelial cells having a cube-like shape; that is,
their width is approximately equal to their height
Columnar Epithelium
ž Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four
times their width.
Squamous epithelium
ž Since they are arranged in pattern of layers, the epithelium is called
stratified squamous epithelium.

6. žConnective tissue (CT) is a kind of animal
tissue that supports, connects, or separates
different types of tissues and organs of the
body
žThey can be classified in five types:
(a)Aerolar Tissue
(b)Adipose Tissue
(c)Compact bone
(d) Hyaline catilage
(e)Types of blood cells

7. Areolar tissue
ž Gel like ground with both elastic and non-elastic fibers
running though the ground in many directions.
¡ Wraps and cushions organs
¡ Under the skin
Adipose tissue
ž Function as storage cells for adipose (lipids)
ž Adipose cells contain a large vacuole which in the live
cell contains lipids.
ž Cell nucleus and cytoplasm are pushed out to edge of
cell membrane.
Compact bone tissue
¡ Ground of matrix is Solid (Calcium carbonate).
¡ Has blood supply and nerves running through the
Haversian canal systems.

8. Hyaline Cartilage
vHyaline cartilage is cartilage that is hyaline (transparent).
It is found on many joint
v surfaces. It is pearly bluish in color with firm consistency
and has a considerable amount
v of collagen. It contains no nerves or blood vessels, and its
structure is relatively simple
Types of blood cells
vWhite Blood cell
vRed Blood cell
vPlatelet

9. žMuscular Tissue consists of elongated
cells, also called muscle fiber.Muscles
contain special proteins called
contractile proteins, which contract
and relax to cause movement.
žThey classified by three types:
a. Striated muscle
b. Smooth muscle
c. Cardiac muscle

10. Striated muscle
ž striated muscle, also called voluntary muscle, striped muscle, or skeletal muscle , most
common of the three types of muscle in the body. Striated muscle is attached to bone and
produces all the movements of body parts in relation to each other
Smooth muscle
ž Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle. It is divided into two sub-groups;
the single-unit (unitary) and multiunit smooth muscle .
Cardiac muscle
ž Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is involuntary striated muscle that is found in
the walls and histological foundation of the heart, specifically the myocardium.

11. ž Nervous tissue is the main component of the two parts of the
nervous system; the brain and spinal cord
ž It is composed of neurons, or nerve cells, which receive and
transmit impulses

13. Meristematic tissues – localized regions of cell division
n Apical Meristems
n Primary or Transitional Meristem èPrimary growth
n Lateral Meristems
n Vascular cambium è2
o
vascular tissue
n Cork cambium or phellogen èperiderm
n Intercalary Meristems (found in the nodes of grasses)87

14. Root and Apical Meristem

15. Root Apical Meristem
1.Root cap initials
2.Protoderm
3.Ground meristem
4.Procambium
5.Root cap

16. Lateral Meristems – secondary growth in woody
plants
n This stem has two lateral meristems. They are the
vascular cambium and the cork cambium. (This is
1 year)

17. Lateral Meristem- 2 years
n This is the 2nd year and you can see there are two layers of
xylem for each year. The pith is also referred to as the
“Heartwood”

18. Stems-Internal

19. Simple Tissues – consisting of one cell type
n Parenchyma – thin walled & alive at maturity;
often multifaceted.
n Collenchyma – thick walled & alive at maturity
n Sclerenchyma – thick walled and dead at maturity
nSclerids or stone cells – cells as long as they are
wide
nFibers – cells longer than they are wide
n Epidermis – alive at maturity
nTrichomes – “pubescence” or hairs on epidermis
nRoot Hairs – tubular extensions of epidermal
cells

20. Parenchyma

21. Collenchyma

22. Sclerenchyma
SCLERIDS FIBERS
Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier, Stocking & Barbour, 1974,
Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed.

23. Epidermis – stoma, trichomes, & root hairs

24. Complex Tissue
nXylem – water conducting tissue;
parenchyma, fibers, vessels and/or
tracheids, and ray cells.
nPhloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube
members (no nucleus at maturity,
cytoplasm present), companion cells,
fibers, parenchyma, and ray cells. In
flowering plants, sieve-tube members
and companion cells arise from the
same mother cell.

25. Xylem movement in stem/leaf

26. Xylem

27. Phloem

28. Made By :- Abel Aby John
Roll No. 28
Grade:-IX D