plant and animal tissues : types, structure and function

2.  Specific function is carried out by a cluster
of cells at a definite place in the body.
 Plant and animal consists
Of different types of tissues.

5. Difference between
meristematic and
permanent tissue

6. Meristematic Tissue
 It is a tissue, which is differentiated to other parts
and restricted to certain place of plant.
 It is divided into three main components based on
a specific region.
Apical meristem
• present at the growing tips of stems and roots and
increases the length of the stem and the root
Intercalary meristem
 meristem at the base of the leaves or internodes
(on either side of the node) on twigs

7. Lateral meristem (cambium)
 girth of the stem or root increases

8. Permanent tissue
• Tissues that contain nondividing cells. The cells are also
modified to perform specific functions in the plants. The cells
of the permanent tissue are derived from the meristematic
tissue.
Types
• Simple tissue
• Complex tissue

9. Feature Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma
Simple tissue
• Parenchyma
• Chlorenchyma
• Aerenchyma
• Collenchyma
• sclerenchyma

11. PROTECTIVE TISSUE
1. EPIDERMIS: epi- upon, derma- skin (modification of parenchyma cells)
It is usually present in the outermost layer of the plant body such as leaves,
flowers, stem and roots.
It is single cell layer and covered with cuticle (cuticle is a water proof layer of a
waxy substance called cutin which is secreted by epidermal cells. Cutin is
more thicker in desert plants.
Structure: elongated and flattened
intercellular spaces absent
living cells
Function: to protect the plant from desiccation and infection.
cuticle prevents excess water loss by evaporation and also prevents the
entry of pathogen.

12. STOMATA (stoma: singular)
Epidermis of a leaf is not continuous at some places due to the presence of small pores
called stomata. Each stoma is bounded by a pair of specialised epidermal cells or two
kidney- shaped cells called guard cells (concave side face each other). These are the
only gaurd cells which contain chloroplasts, the rest being colourless.
Function: gaseous exchange during photosynthesis and respiration.
evaporation of water during transpiration.

13. CORK
As plants grow older , the epidermis is replaced by cork cambium consist of
only single type of cells
Structure: rectangular, vacoules and chloroplast are present. Cork cells are
dead and compactly arranged withput intercellular spaces. Cell wall is
thick(suberin is present). Protoplasm absent but filled with resin or tannins.
Cork cambium forms new cells on its both sides, thus forming cork(phellem)
on the outer side and secondary cortex(phelloderm) on the inner side. This
phellem gets several layers thick become cork(bark) of the trees.
Note:- cork and bark are different structures, cork includes outer structure of
cork cambium and bark includes the outer products of secondary phloem,
cork cambium and cork.

14. CORK
Function: prevent desiccation(loss of water), infection and
mechanical injury. It is light and does not catch fire easily.
Used in flooring and sports goods( cork oak tree)

15. Complex tissue
1) Xylem 2) Phloem

17. PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM

18. Section of a stem
7 types of cells are present:
Epidermal cells (protection)
Collenchyma cells (support)
Parenchyma cells (food storage)
Sclerenchyma (support)
Xylem (conduction of water)
Phloem (transport of food)
Cambium (growth)

19. T.S. OF MONOCOT STEM

20. T.S. DICOT STEM

21. STRUCTURE OF THE MONOCOT AND DICOT STEM

22. Animal
Tissue

25. Epithelium tissue: protective tissue of the animal body. Cells
of this tissue are tightly packed and form a continuous sheet. It
also forms a barrier to keep different body systems separate.
The skin and lining of buccal cavity, blood vessels, alveoli,
kidney tubules . These cells lie on a delicate non – cellular
basement membrane which contains a special form of matrix
protein- collagen.
Function:
Protect underlying cells from drying, injury and chemical
effects, also from viral and bacterial infection.
Help in absorption of water and nutrients.
Elimination of waste products.
Some epithelial tissues perform secretory functions such as
secrete sweat, mucus, enzymes etc.


26. TYPES OF EPITHELIAL
TISSUE

28. CONNECTIVE TISSUE

30. Muscular Tissue

32. Thank you

33. Presented by:
MONIKA PAL
TGT SCIENCE
KV NERIST
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