The document discusses different types of towns classified by their main functions, including industrial towns (focused on mining, textiles, or steel), holiday towns (focused on tourism), port towns (focused on port services), and satellite towns (planned, self-sustaining communities outside major cities). It also discusses green belts used to restrict urban sprawl and preserve land, as well as factors influencing population growth and distribution within cities.

1. JAMZEESHANALI@GMAIL.COM 1

2. Towns and cities can be classified as by the
importance of their functions. People often
think of towns as being of a particular type.
They are classifying the town by its out-
standing function. But all towns and cities
have many functions. Thus towns may be:
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3. INDUSTRIAL TOWNS
types of industrial towns
Mining
textile
steel towns.
A town which relies almost entirely on one industry may die
if that industry collapses. In some parts of the world, mining towns
become completely unhabited ghost towns when the mines are no
longer productive. Most towns have a variety of industries in
different locations. Industries such as mining have a fixed position.
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4. INDUSTRIAL TOWNS
Problems of industrial towns are caused by the location of industries. They
may be in convenient places that make living conditions for the workers
unpleasant. If industries move to new sites because the original sites are no
longer the best, the cities are faced with the problems of run down areas
around the derelict factories.
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5. HOLIDAY TOWNS
Towns that rely entirely on holiday-makers and retired people have
mushroomed in many sunny parts of the world. Many of these resorts are
in the poor developing countries. Towns such as these rely too much on
one important
function. The growth of such towns may upset the economy of a poor area.
Only those people working in the tourist industry can compete with
tourists who pay high prices and send the cost of goods soaring.
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6. PORT TOWN
In a port, the port services may be the main function of the town.
But a port usually has industrial functions as well, and business offices
associated with its trade. Ports that do not function efficiently may
decline. The area a port serves is called hinterland. The new port of
Europort at the mouth of the Rine has been built at great expense
because it has good routes to a huge industrial hinterland.
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7. SATELLITE TOWN
The concept of satellite cities, while not new, has been tried in Pakistan to a limited
extent, largely during the past about two three decades. A satellite town is not just
another suburb, or bedroom town.
Satellite town is
self-sustaining
economic entity,
a truly new city where people
work, shop,
play and sleep.
It is planned for
optimum living conditions, optimum, not maximum, land use, and an economic and
social spectrum of habitants and activities.
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8. SATELLITE TOWN
The planning of these new towns offers opportunities
to preserve the natural environment,
often to improve the surrounding countryside. Planned satellite offer a
chance to develop new housing and merchandising patterns, and
orderly control of vehicles, giving human being priority over machines.
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9. SATELLITE TOWN
Satellite towns must be considered within their natural
limitations,
The satellite must have a balance of
residential,
commercial
industrial uses,
but it need not provide such services as an
airport,
a stadium,
a civic centre,
a port or art museums.
These are facilities designed to serve a larger segment
of the population, and the presence of an efficientJ A M Z E E S H A N A L I @ G M A I L . C O M 9

10. SATELLITE TOWN
The step beyond the satellite city is the completely new city,
placed in a location which offers its planners maximum
opportunity for engagement with the future.
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11. SATELLITE TOWN
In Pakistan, specially in the Province of Sindh, the necessity of
developing satellite towns arose after the independence in 1947.
About 3 lacs people migrated to India and 30 lacs people from
India entered Sindh. To accommodate the immigrants, satellite
towns were developed near Karachi and Hyderabad. To name a
few, Korangi near Karachi and Latifabad near Hyderabad are the
satellite towns.
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12. GREEN BELTS
In order to restrict the unwanted expansion of a town a green belt is
provided all along the periphery of the town. Its origins lie as far back as
Greek theory on ideal city size, whereby a town would grow to a
predetermined and physically constrained dimension after which
expansion should be catered for in a new settlement on a fresh site. This
idea has also occupied an important position in British planning theory.
The other advantages of limiting towns growth in this way are as under:
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13. GREEN BELTS
It ensures the economic use of urban land and facilities,
It serves as a recreational space for the town population,
It subsides air pollution and preserves the pleasant environment of the
town,
Prevents neighboring towns from merging into one another,
As it is only to be used for agricultural purposes hence fruits and
vegetables can be grown in green belt.
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14. POPULATION
Cities will hold almost half the world's population by the end
of the century/as stated by the World Population Report, 1986.
^Urban dwellers are already more than 40 per cent of world
population and will rapidly become a majority,; Most of these
urban dwellers live in developing countries, and an ever-higher
proportion in the biggest cities. The share of world population
living in the largest cities will almost double between 1970 and
2025 because of the growth of very large cities in developing
countries.
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15. Most of the world's largest cities are now in developing
countries. They are growing to sizes never before experienced.
Mexico City is already the world's largest, with 18.1 million
people,) By the end of the century it will have 26.3 million people,
closely followed by Sao Paulo in Brazil with 24 million. By then all
but three of the world's 20 biggest cities will be in development
countries. The biggest city in the developed world will be Tokyo
with 17.1 million people.
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16. RESIDENTIAL ROADS AND FOOTPATHS
Residential roads and footpaths are an important part
of the external environment which is seen both when
entering the scheme and from each home.
Care is needed not only in the choice of surface
materials and construction details but also, perhaps more
importantly, in the decisions which must be made about
matters such as vertical and horizontal alignment in relation
to the topography of the site and adjacent buildings.
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