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Dialect (Regiolect, Socilect, Language vs Dialect)
There are two main types of language varieties: dialects and languages. A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group, such as a regional dialect like American English or a social dialect spoken by different social classes. The key difference between a dialect and a separate language is mutual intelligibility - varieties that are mutually intelligible are considered dialects, while mutually unintelligible varieties are considered separate languages. However, the distinction between dialects and languages is not always clear-cut and can depend on social and political factors as much as linguistic ones.
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Dialect (Regiolect, Socilect, Language vs Dialect)
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- 2. A variety ofa language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. What is a Dialect ???
- 4. A variety ofa language spoken in a particular area of a country E.g.: “American English” “British English”
- 5. Pronunciation Lexis Morphology Syntax Pronunciation Lexis Morphology Syntax AmericanEnglish BritishEnglish /ka:r/ gas dove I don’t havea book /ka:/ petrol dived I haven’t a book
- 6. It is thevariety of language characteristic of a social background or status E.g.: “Upper Class people” and “Lower Class people” in Bangladesh speak different variety of “Bangla”
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- 8. Social Dialects vsRegional Dialects Social Dialect Regional Dialect Difference in use of language due to social class discrepancies Different in use of language due to geographical discrepancies Social Barriers Geographical Barriers Distance is not an important factor Distance is an important factor The distinction is not clear-cut The distinction is clear-cut Can be easily influenced by external factors Not easily influenced by external factors
- 9. Language and Dialect •Both terms are often used interchangeably. • Useally Principle of mutual simplicity differentiate between them. Any 2 varieties which are mutually intelligible are taken to constitute two dialects of the same language. If they are mutually UNintelligible , then they are separate languages.
- 10. A language isa dialect with a navy and an army. Weinreich, 1945:13. Urdu Hindi • In most cases, the use of one or another depends NOT on linguistic bases, but rather on socio-political factors.
- 11. Language vs Dialect LanguageDialects Language is prestigious Dialect is not prestigious Language is often taken as the standard Dialect is thought to be non-standard Language has recognized grammar rules, dictionary, etc. Dialect doesn’t have this recognition. Standard language is often termed as the main language and it is used in many places. Dialect doesn’t have thus function Language can unite a nation by separating it from other nations Dialect can create differences within a nation.
- 12. Community A Community B British English American English Mutually intelligible Common Culturalhistory Same Language Community A Community B English Hindi Mutually unintelligible Different Cultural history Different Language Community A Community B Norwegian Danish Mutually unintelligible Different Cultural history Community A Community B Telegu Marathi Mutually unintelligible Same Cultural history
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