14. 人胰島素
將人胰島素基因植入大腸桿
菌基因環中,利用細菌繁殖可
以快速而大規模的生產人類
胰島素(Humulin®).此外有些
公司還另闢蹊徑,用酵母菌來
生產人類(trade name =
Novolin®) (1987).
基因工程技術更突破層層技術關卡,修改胰島素的氨基酸排
序, 生產出作用時間可長可短的產品. Recombinant DNA
technology has also made it possible to manufacture slightly-modified
forms of human insulin that work faster (Humalog® and NovoLog®) or
slower (Lantus®) than regular human insulin.
15. 模仿人類自然的胰島素分泌並精細調控血糖
快速作用的胰島素
100
早餐 中餐 晚餐 Basal insulins
80
基礎胰島素
μU/ml
60
40
正常分泌型態
20
0600 0800 1200 1800 2400 0600
Time of day
B = breakfast; L = lunch; D = dinner
Riddle MC. CADRE Core Slide Kit. 2003
Polonsky KS et al. N Engl J Med. 1988;318:1231-1239
24. Liraglutide是一種長效GLP-1衍生物
7
7 9
C-16 fatty acidGlu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp
His Ala (palmitoyl)
Val
Ser Based on natural
FA
GLP-1
Lys Ala Ala Gln Gly Glu Leu Tyr Ser
(97% homology)
Phe
37
Ile Ala Trp Leu Val Arg Gly Arg Gly
Improved • Slow absorption from
pharmacokinetics: subcutis
• Self-association • Metabolic stability
• Albumin binding • Long plasma half-life
• Stability against DPP-IV
Knudsen et al. J Med Chem 2000;43: 1664-1669.