7. 1879
• Maximilian Nitze
(The German urologist )
• Introduced a cystoscope
• Safer with Edison’s invention of
the light bulb.
• 1889 : the first photograph of
the inside of a human bladder
8. 1910
• Jacobaeus Laparoscope (Georg
Wolf Company, Berlin, Germany
• 1912: Severin Nordentoft, the
first arthroscopist, presents his
results on endoscopy of the knee
joint in Berlin
9. 1918
• Kenji Takagi, “father of
arthroscopy,” cystoscope
to look inside cadaver.
• His first arthroscope,
build in 1920
• 12 different arthroscopes
• Distension of the knee
with saline solution
10. 1921
• Swiss surgeon
• Use a modified
Jacobaeus laparo-thoracoscope
• Perform arthroscopies in 1921 as an
attempt to diagnose 3
• 36meniscus pathologies
• Publicated on the first 60 patients was
the first to describe arthroscopy as a
diagnostic tool
11. 1959
• Masaki Watanabe (1911–1994)
• Watanabe No. 21
• developed the concept of triangulation
• the first to obtain color photographs
12.
13. Glass fiber cold light ?
• 1960
• Harold Hopkins
• Glass fiber cold light in 1954
and the optical rod lens
system in 1960
The Lichtleiter used two tubes with a candle to observe the inside of the bladder.
to inspect body cavities like the mouth, nasal cavity, rectum, or female bladder
In 1853, the French physician Desormeaux further refined the cystoscope,
using a mixture of turpentine and gasoline,
which when ignited in a small chamber produced light that was reflected through a system of mirrors into the bladder to provide visualization.
- He enclosed the platinum wire in an 8·2 cm double-compartmented glass bottle, the outer compartment of which was filled with water. The water flowing through this outer compartment absorbed and cooled the radiated heat from the incandescent filament.
- insertion of the light source, with this instrument, into the adjacent body cavities such as the rectum or vagina
In 1876, the German Max Nitze introduced a cystoscope that used a heated platinum loop to look inside the bladder
made safer in 1879 with Edison’s invention of the light bulb, replacing Desormeaux’s turpentine/gasoline mixture and Nitze’s heated loop, with incandescent light
The Swedish physician Hans Christian Jacobaeus
Các phát minh đều diễn ra ở Châu âu cho đến khi….
Severin Nordentoft who first coined the term arthroscopy for visualization of joint cavities.
He reported about its application for endoscopy of the knee joint, besides suprapubic cystoscopy and laparoscopy . no evidence can be found that he ever applied his instrument to patients.
uses a cystoscope to examine cadaver knees and later patients with tuberculous knees
Sự phát triển tiếp tục
arthroscopic images,
he Second World War
- He was a scholar of Kenji Takagi After World War II, he developed and sophisticated endoscopic instruments.
it had some disadvantages.
For example, the incandescent light bulb sporadically broke within the knee joint, and the light carrier was susceptible for short circuit
Light and scope:
the incandescent light bulb
A British physicist born in Leicester, East Midlands.
Thừa hưởng thành tựu của Hopskin. Sự phát triển về kĩ thuật cơ bản đã hoàn thành.
Các hãng sản xuất cải tiến về kĩ thuật
Giai đoạn từ 1969 trở đi chủ yếu phát triển đào tạo, mở rộng. Chưa có bước tiến về cải tiến kĩ thuật.
Tổng kết lại giai đoạn lịch sử trước khi qua phần mới.
Sau watanabe No22 sự phát triển chủ yếu tập trung vào việc đào tạo, trao đổi kĩ thuật, phát triển các trợ cụ, phương tiện hỗ trợ phẫu thuật , thành lập các hiệp hội.
Structure (component)
Type: 30, 70 degree
- Component
1931 Takagi Contents
Fluid : saline, ringer, warm …..
Funtion : Pressure , hemostasis, suction (irrigation)
Irrigation systems can be categorised into three types: gravity infusion, peristaltic volumetric pumps and centrifugal pumps
Probe
Forcep
Debridgement: Bone, ligament
Suction
Shave
1976
Lanny Johnson
1995
Arthrocare company
Bibolar or monolar electonodes
Diverse: absorbable - nonabsorbable
Depending on surgery
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErnI4VCXav4&t=3s&ab_channel=MufaddalGomberaMD
Relief pain, analgesic,
Hemostasis
Improve the illumination
Affected factor: site, time, procedure
