This ppt is based on physics topic capacitors and principle of capacitors

1. Made By :- Vibhu Mehta

2. WHAT IS CAPACITORS
The capacitor is a component which has the ability or “capacity”
to store energy in the form of an electrical charge producing a
potential difference (Static Voltage) across its plates, much like a
small rechargeable battery.

3. TYPES OF CAPACITORS

4. Non-polarized Capacitor
Polarized Capacitor
Variable Capacitor
Trimmer Capacitor

5. Non-polarized Capacitor
Type of capacitor that can be
connected any way in a
circuit. There is no positive or
negative. Common types of
non-polar capacitors are
ceramic, mica and some
electrolytic.

6. Polarized Capacitor
A capacitor is used with a
resistor in a timing circuit.
It can also be used as a
filter, to block DC signals
but pass AC signals.

7. Variable Capacitor
These are usually made up of
one or more moving plates
and one or more non moving
plates separated by the
dielectric. By moving the
plates, we can vary the
capacitance. And it is used in
a radio tuner.

8. Trimmer Capacitor
This type of variable
capacitor is operated
with a small
screwdriver or similar
tool. It is designed to
be set when the circuit
is made and then left
without further
adjustment

10. As a capacitor is passive component, it does not generate
energy. But it is able to store energy from an energy source like
a battery or another charged capacitor. When a battery (DC
Source) is connected across a capacitor, one surface, named
plate I gets positive end of the battery and another surface,
named plate II gets negative end of the battery. When battery
is connected, the full voltage of that battery is applied across
that capacitor. At that situation, plate I is in positive potency
with respect to the plate II. Current from the battery tries to
flow through this capacitor from its positive plate (plate I) to
negative plate (plate II) but cannot flow at max value due to
separation of these plates with an insulating material. Rather a
very small current will flow through this insulating material
(dielectric) from Positive to Negative plate depending upon the
value of strength of this dielectric.

11. An electric field will form inside the capacitor dielectric
from positive to negative plate. As time goes on, positive
plate (plate I) will accumulate positive charge from the
battery and negative plate (plate II) will accumulate
negative charge from negative end of the battery. After a
certain time, the capacitor holds maximum amount of
charge as per its capacitance with respect to this voltage.
This time span is called charging time of this capacitor.

12. Now, after removing this battery from this capacitor,
these two plates will hold positive and negative charges
with respect to a certain voltage level for long time.
Thus this capacitor acts as energy source.

13. If two ends (plate I and plate II) get shorted through a
load, a current will flow through this load from plate I to
plate II up to all charges get vanished from both plates.
This time span is known as discharging time of the
capacitor.