Entrtepreneurship

1. “Nurturing the First Generation Entrepreneurs through
Entrepreneurship Development Programs”
2ND International Sustainable Cooperative and Social
Entrepreneurship Conference October 28th & 29th ,2021
Dr.Prakash.K.Vadavadagi
Associate Professor, B.V.V Sanghas Institute of Management
Studies, Baglkot, Karnataka, India.
Dr. Jagbir Singh Kadyan
Asst. Prof. Dept. of Commerce, Swami Shraddhanand College,
University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Dr.Abu Naser
Swami Sharaddhanand College, University of Delhi & London
Metropolitan University, London

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Contents
• Introduction
• Review of Literature
• Research Design
• Analysis & Interpretaion
• Findings & Conclusion
• Objectives
• Need for the Study
• Methodology

3. Introduction
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• Economic development is the primary concern of any country as it attributes to an
indispensable process of upward shift in real per capita income of the populace.
Acceleration of this phenomenon requires entrepreneurship.
• Entrepreneurship acts as an engine for development solving the fundamental
problems of unemployment, concentration of economic power, imbalanced
regional growth, an eventual loss of youth power in destructive activities and
many more.
• The industrially advanced nations such as USA, Germany and Japan make good
evidences for the assertion that an economy is an effect for which
entrepreneurship is the cause.
• Research has evidently demonstrated that, it is possible to develop entrepreneurs
through systematic exercises disproving the myth that entrepreneurs are born
with some inherent traits.

4. Need for the Study
• Unemployment and poverty continue to haunt India despite
planned efforts made to mitigate them. Hence entrepreneurial
development is very much relevant for India to overcome those
issues.
• Imparting entrepreneur skills is the key element for the promotion
of micro and small enterprises in general, particularly for the first
generation entrepreneurs.
• Entrepreneurship contributes for employment growth and increase
wealth for the national development and growth. Hence, each and
every nation gives priority to entrepreneurship development. In this
context, in India, the state and central government are funding lots
of institutions for the same.
• In order to promote entrepreneurial development, the policy
makers have been emphasising setting up of small scale industries.
• Considering the constraints that small entrepreneurs face while
initiating and launching their ventures, the government has given a
promotional package to facilitate them better.
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5. • In this background the central and state governments in the country
started thinking in terms of fostering entrepreneurship through
training programs with the establishment of various training centres
at talukas, towns, district head quarters and cities (P Nagesh, 2008)
reserving a substantial amount of funds annually.
• In 1971 India embarked on a massive programme of
entrepreneurship development. Since then, there has been no look
back. Some 686 all India and state level financial institutions and
public sector banks have so far conducted hundreds of EDPs
training thousands of candidates across the country .
• Assessing and evaluating the whether Nurturing the First Generation
Entrepreneurs through Entrepreneurship Development Programs is
possible effectively .
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6. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
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1. To know the demographic profile of the trainees
who have attended the EDP’s
2. To ascertain the role of EDP’s in nurturing the First
Generation Entrepreneurs.

7. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
• The review of literature reveals that until now studies have
concentrated on entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education and
training, women entrepreneurship and very limited research has been
done on effectiveness of EDPs in nurturing the entrepreneurs.
• The studies varied in their objectives, coverage and content. However,
one common thread in all of them is the assessment of effectiveness
of EDPs in nurturing the entrepreneurs loosely defined.
• In short, the literature review shows that evaluation or effectiveness of
entrepreneurship development programme studies in nurturing the
entrepreneurs have been conducted in different parts of the world,
some studies are micro and others cover relatively wider area.
• When it comes to Karnataka state that to North West Karnataka
region, studies are sparse and are not comprehensive. Hence, this
research study .
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8. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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1. METHODOLOGY : The “Promotion EDP’s through training” is
designed as a descriptive one based on both primary and
secondary data and interactions with the key officials of
Rural Self Employment Training Institutions (RSETI) are
involved directly and indirectly with the organizing EDPs in
Bagalkot, Bijapur and Belgaum district.
2. RESEARCH DESIGN : The research design adopted for this study
was of ex-post facto in nature since the phenomenon had already
occurred.

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3. SAMPLING DESIGN :In order to ensure a fair representation and
accurate coverage, a sample is selected on prorata basis in turn
which consists around a 20% of the total number of EDP trainees
from the study area which was chosen for detailed investigation.
Then, the respondents were selected on random sampling basis.

10. Sl.No District No of
Programmes
Conducted
No of Trainees
undergone training
programme in
General EDP from
2008-2012
Proportion Sample
selected
@20%
% age of
proportion
of sample
total
1 Bagalkot 30 815 27.36 164 27
2 Bijapur 26 800 26.85 161 27
3 Belgaum 46 1364 45.79 273 46
102 2979 100 598 100
Sample selection
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11. SECONDARY DATA :
• The secondary data required for the study have been
collected from the following sources.
• District Industries Centre (DIC)
• RSETI of Bagalkot, Bijapur and Belgaum district.
• Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India Ahmadabad.
• News papers, magazines, journals, websites.
PRIMARY DATA :
• Primary data have been collected from the trainees of Rseti
from Bagalkot, Bijapur and Belgaum district through
structured interview schedule and discussion.
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12. POPULATION : The population of the study is the
trainees of general EDP programmes conducted in
Bagalkot, Bijapur and Belgaum district by the RSETI.
TOOLS USED FOR COLLECTION OF PRIMARY DATA :
Keeping in view the objectives and the variables
under study an interview schedule was prepared and
that schedule was pretested to locate any ambiguity
in the question. After pretesting certain modification
were made in the schedule and final schedule was
used for data collection.
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13. STATISTICAL TOOLS USED FOR THE ANALYSIS : The data
collected from the trainees were scored, tabulated and
analyzed by using SPSS .
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14. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• Scope of the study is limited to the state of
Karnataka and in particular to the North West
Karnataka Region (Bagalkot,Bijapur and Belgaum
District).
• The present study is restricted to the Nurturing
the First Generation Entrepreneurs through
Entrepreneurship Development Programs
supported by government of Karnataka i.e. RSETI.
Hence, the EDPs conducted by the institutions
other than RSETI and other EDPs supported
government of Karnataka are not taken up for the
study.
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15. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
• As the findings and conclusions of this study
are based on data collected from the trainees
in the study area, which may not be
generalized.
• The methodology followed and tools
employed in the analysis of the data involved
certain merits as well as demerits of their own
and also reflect the limitations of the
database.
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16. Results and Discussions
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17. DEMOGRAPHICS
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18. Demographics
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71%
29%
Male Female
27%
27%
46%
Bagalkot
Bijapur
Belgaum
39%
61%
Not Married Married
92%
8%
Hindu Muslim
61%
11%
4%
24%
OBC SC ST GM
4%
20%
53%
18%
5%
No formal Education
Below SSLC
SSLC To PUC
Degree
Technical
District
Gender Marital Status
Caste
Religion Education

19. Demographics
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Fathers Occupation
Occupation Prior Work Experience
Locality
4%
9%
11%
12%
63%
Others
Farming
Service
Own Business
Unemployed
22%
25%
47%
6%
Service
Own Business
Farming
Others
51%
31%
6%
8%
4%
< 1
1-2
2-5
5-10
>10
74%
9%
17%
Rural Semi Urban Urban

20. EDP is going to help in establishing the unit
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EDP is going to help in
establishing the unit
Count Percentage
Yes 568 95%
No 30 5%
Total 598 100%
The vast majority (at 95%) of the sample stated that EDP is going to
help them establishing the unit. The remaining 5% replied in negative
on this.

21. Programme content useful to you
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Programme Content
useful to you
Count Percentage
Yes 589 98%
No 9 2%
Total 598 100%
The vast majority (at 98%) of the sample stated that the EDP
programme content was useful to them. The remaining 2%
replied in negative on this.

22. Undertaking any business activity before the EDP
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Undertaking any
business activity
before the EDP
training
Count Percentage
Yes 64 11%
No 534 89%
Total 598 100%
The vast majority (constituting 89% of the sample) of the
respondents stated that they were not undertaking any business
activity before the EDP training. The remaining 11% respondents
stated that they were undertaking a business activity before the
EDP training.

23. Started a business after the EDP
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Started a business after the
EDP
Count Percentage
Yes 477 80%
No 121 20%
Total 598 100%
The vast majority (constituting 80% of the sample) of the
respondents stated that they started a business after completing EDP
programme. The remaining 20% respondents replied in negative on
this.

24. Kind of business started/associated
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Kind of business
started
Count Percentage
Trade 68 14%
Manufacturing 152 32%
Services 246 52%
Others 11 2%
Total 477 100%
Of the respondents who stated that they had started a business
after completing EDP programme, the majority (at 51%) had
stated a services business. Those who had stated a manufacturing
or trade businesses constituted 32% and 14%, respectively, of the
sample. Those who had started other types of business
constituted the remaining 2% of the business.

25. Overall satisfaction about EDP
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Overall satisfaction about EDP N Mean
Std.
deviation
Attainment of expectations from EDP 598 4.34 0.40
content of the training programme 598 3.93 .742
quality of the training/facilitation skills of the
trainers
598 4.32 .688
level of satisfaction with EDP 598 4.42 .494
Self-rated Knowledge and Skills of the Trainees
after EDP
598 3.66 0.37
Application of skills in business achieved
through EDP
477 3.46 0.33
Entrepreneurial Competencies after EDP 462 4.29 0.36
Overall satisfaction about EDP 462 4.06 0.62

26. • In terms of satisfaction about EDP, the overall score
was 4.06. In terms of various parameters, 'Level of
satisfaction with EDP' achieved the highest mean score
of 4.42. This was followed by 'Attainment of
Expectations' and 'Quality of the training/facilitation
skills of the trainers' which achieved mean scores of
4.34 and 4.32, respectively. While 'Post training ratings'
and 'Content of the training programme' achieved
mean scores of 4.29 and 3.93, respectively, the same
achieved by 'Self-rated Knowledge and Skills of the
Trainees after EDP', 'Expectation from EDP' and
'Achieving through EDP' were 3.63, 3.46 and 3.51,
respectively.
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27. Findings & Conclusion
• Majority of trainees (71%) are male participants and majority of the
participants (61%) are married.
• The vast majority of the respondents (92%) are Hindus followed by
Muslims (8%).
• 61% of respondents are from OBC category which constitutes the highest
participants followed by GM, SC and ST (24%, 11% & 3%) respectively.
• Majority of the respondents are not well educated, 53% respondents had
education of SSLC to PUC. Other respondents had education below SSLC
(20%), the respondents who have well educated Degree (18%) followed by
Technical (5%).
• Majority of the respondents are unemployed (63%) and those are
employed they are in own business, service, farming and other
occupation.
• Majority (47%) of the respondents fathers occupation is farming followed
by own businesses, services and other occupations.
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28. • The majority (51%) of the respondents work experience is less than one year
followed by prior work experience of 1-2 years and 5-10 years constituted 31%
and 8% respectively.
• More number of respondents from rural areas (74%). Those from urban area
and semi urban areas constituted 17% and 9%, respectively, of the sample.
• Respondents’ annual income has increased considerably from mean score of
10.20 to 11.36 after undergoing EDP.
• Majority of the trainees who attended the training programme are not
undertaking any business activity before EDP (89%) and meagre (11%) number
of trainees undertaking business activity.
• The EDP programme is very effective in delivering its objective as 80% of the
respondents are established the business units with overall satisfaction about
business success with mean score of 3.72. Out of the respondents who
established the business units, majority of them 52% are in service, followed
by manufacturing 32%, trade 14% and other business 2%. 97% of respondents
are started business with proprietorship and only 3% in partnership form.
• Overall it is proven that EDP is very effective in fulfilling its stated objectives
with overall mean score 4.06.
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29. Conclusion
• One of the ways to support Government efforts to fight poverty, unemployment
and regional imbalance, is to devise means of supporting the growth of the
entrepreneurship in India.
• EDP supported by government has made its contribution as evidenced from the
performance of the trained entrepreneurs by establishing and running their
business successfully.
• Firstly with this research it is proven that entrepreneurs are not necessarily born
but they can be developed through education and training.
• EDP programme is very effective in delivering its objective as 80% of the
respondents established the business units with overall satisfaction about business
success.
• The 52% of the respondents established their business in services followed by
manufacturing 32% and trade 14% and 72% of the respondents have expanded
their business.
• The important thing to note here that 89% of the trainees who attended training
programme were not undertaking any business activity before training programme
and after EDP 80% of the trainees started business.
• Finally we conclude that EDP’s are very effective in creating the first generation
entrepreneurs. Entrepreneur’s talent exists in every society and in all sections of
the society. Entrepreneurship potential is properly harnessed to accelerate the
pace of socio-economic development and balanced regional growth apart from
creating employment opportunities.
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