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Chapter 5 Social Work Practice with Individuals, Familie and Groups
- 1. Chapter 5: Generalist Practice with Individuals, Families, and Groups Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 2. Empowering Programs with Resources that Enhance Social Work Education Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 3. Social Work: A Competency- Oriented Education Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) - Defines Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAs) - Developed 10 “Core Competencies” and 41 Related “Practice Behaviors” Every student should master the Practice Behaviors and Core Competencies before completing the program Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 4. Resources Aligned to EPAS 2008 The Textbook – - “Helping Hands” icons call attention to content that relates to Practice Behaviors and Competencies - “Competency Notes” at the end of the chapter help put the Practice Behaviors and Competencies in practical context Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 5. Resources Aligned to EPAS 2008 (cont’d) The Practice Behaviors Workbook developed with the text provides assignable exercises that assist in mastering the Practice Behavior and Competencies Additional on-line resources can be found at: www.cengage.com/socialwork Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 6. Generalist practice • Both a process and a method • Involves orderly sequence of stages in engaging clients/client systems • Creative use of techniques and knowledge that guide intervention process • Based on client involvement • Emphasizes use of client resources • Focuses on planned change and solutions EP 2.1.7a, 2.1.10a-l Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 7. Preparation for generalist practice with individuals, families, and groups • Knowledge about human behavior /diversity • Use of ecological/systems framework and theory to guide intervention • Understanding of and adherence to social work values • Planned process of intervention EP 2.1.7a, 2.1.7b, 2.1.10a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 8. Planned process of intervention • Social study • Assessment • Goal setting • Contracting • Intervention • Evaluation EP 2.1.10d-g, 2.1.10i, 2.1.10m Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 9. The social worker-client relationship • Relationship is key to successful intervention • Helping relationship is based on: - Self-determination - Confidentiality - Individualization and acceptance - Nonjudgmental attitude - Freedom of expression EP 2.1.10c Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 10. Development of practice skills • Conceptual skills • Interviewing skills - Informational interview - Diagnostic/assessment interview - Therapeutic interview • Recording skills EP 2.1.10a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 11. Beginning social workers Beginning social workers need to be aware that: • Not all clients are equally motivated to engage in the planned change process, no matter how good the social worker • Adequate resources may not be available to fully meet client needs EP 2.1.10a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 12. Practice theories and skills Individuals and families • Ecological/systems framework • Ego psychology • Problem-solving approach • Cognitive behavioral approaches • Reality therapy EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 13. Practice theories and skills (cont’d) Individuals and families • Task-centered method • Family systems approach • Other approaches: - Client-centered therapy - Feminist therapy - Solution-focused therapy EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 14. Practice theories and skills (cont’d) Groups • Form of social organization whose members identify and interact with one another on a personal basis and have a shared sense of the group as a social entity • Types of groups: - Natural groups - Primary groups - Planned groups EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 15. Group work • Seeks to strengthen positive personal functioning and social skills through structured group interaction • Roots are in settlement house movement • Types of planned groups: - Recreation - Recreation-skill - Educational - Socialization - Self-help EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 16. Effective group development • Purposefulness • Leadership • Selection of group members • Size EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 17. Theory for group practice • Theory is used as framework for guiding group interaction and achieving goals • Practice theories used with individuals and families are also applicable to groups EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 18. Group work as a practice Social workers leading groups must: • Ensure dignity and worth of all members • Develop articulated understanding of group’s purpose, roles, and “rules” • Assess problems and needs of individual members and group as a whole • Help group develop its own identity EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 19. Group work as a practice (cont’d) Social workers leading groups must: • Facilitate development of communication among members • Facilitate planning and implementation of relevant activities that promote positive group and individual functioning and advancement of the group’s purpose • Prepare group for termination EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 20. Stages of groups Each stage of group development is important for optimal group functioning: • Beginning • Norm development • Conflict phase • Relationship phase • Termination EP 2.1.7a, 2.1.10l Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 21. Group settings • Recreational settings • Settlement houses • Community centers • Family and child service agencies • Schools • Treatment centers EP 2.1.7a Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 22. Group termination • Social workers must be sensitive to needs of the group at termination • Not ideal to terminate a group because of dysfunction • Groups are usually terminated because they are time-limited or purpose of group has been met EP 2.1.10l Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 23. Practice effectiveness • Professional practice with individuals, families, and groups must include an evaluation process: - What could have increased client growth and change? - What were the positive achievements of the client or client system? - What implications for change are suggested? • Evaluation is on-going EP 2.1.10a-l Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 24. Supervisors of generalist practitioners Play a vital role in the helping process: • Ensure effective, appropriate intervention • Enrich the skills of those they supervise • Regulate the flow of cases • Provide accountability EP 2.1.1f Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 25. BSW social workers • Generalist practitioners • Most are employed in direct practice settings with individuals, families, and groups • Can provide basic counseling and case management, facilitate groups, and link clients with community resources • Practice in many community settings EP 2.1.1c Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .
- 26. MSW social workers • Possess advanced skills • Demonstrate a specialization that is built on generalist practice • Can provide psychotherapy and intensive counseling • Are often employed in highly clinical settings EP 2.1.1c Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole Publishing .