Keynote at the mLearn 2017 — 16th World Conference on Mobile and Contextual Learning. 30 October - 1 November 2017 Larnaca, Cyprus Abstract: Back in 1997 while working at Media Lab Helsinki, Finland my colleagues and I started a research project called Future Learning Environments. Our main partners were educational psychologists at the University of Helsinki. Soon after this we organized ourselves as the Learning Environments research group (LeGroup). The mission of the research group was (and still is) to explore ways to improve the quality of teaching and learning with smart technological solutions. From the very beginning our research focused on the use of mobile devices, with the idea of bringing learning to meaningful contexts, and to support learners' knowledge building and reflective activities. The tools designed and developed, as part of our research, have helped students to develop their self-regulation, a skill closely related to students' well-being, to forms of deep learning and to autonomy. With our research we have not been driven by the common attempt to save time and money, instead we have aimed to abilities to innovate and to create social change. During my talk I will make a retrospective journey through some of our work, starting with some early experiments in computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) with school children using Nokia Communicators (1997) and Nokia Internet Tablets (2005). I will also introduce some of our research on educational challenges in the Global South that made use of the affordances of basic mobile phones for knowledge sharing (2003-2005). Furthermore I will discuss our more recent work on mobile learning research dealing with the role of mobile devices in reflective and self-regulated learning, an augmented-reality application for workplace learning and on the challenges and possibilities of using biometric measures along wearable computers for collecting data for learning analytics. Through this journey, I aim thus to outline a few signposts of the past and present of mobile learning research, design and development. My hope is to help us discuss the future of education and the future tools to be designed when most things and activities in our life are digitally enhanced and networked.

1. Teemu Leinonen
www.teemuleinonen.fi
The last 20 years of mobile
learning: signposts of the past,
present and future

2. Teemu Leinonen
education / learning
science > New Media
> design > design
methodology
Designer and researcher
Media Lab Helsinki
Associate Professor
Learning Environments
research group
www.teemuleinonen.fi

3. pedagogy statement
learner-centered
collaborative
progressive inquiry
= students behaving
like experts.

4. Teemu Leinonen
www.teemuleinonen.fi
The last 20 years of mobile
learning: signposts of the past,
present and future

5. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

6. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

7. Grand Challenge in
Global Learning

8. ?
Grand Challenge in
Global Learning

9. 1960’s +
Grand Challenge in
Global Learning

10. 1960’s +
Literacy and Numeracy for All.
Education for All (2000+).

16. World map indicating literacy rate by country in 2015 (2015 CIA World Factbook)
Grey = no data

17. World illiteracy from 1970 to 2015.

18. Literacy in the “modern world”.

19. 2017 ?
Grand Challenge in
Global Learning

20. 2017 ?
Scientific, Rational and Critical
Thinking Skills for All

26. The War of the Worlds radio play by Orson Welles
Halloween episode, October 30, 1938.

32. 2017
Scientific, Rational and Critical
Thinking Skills for All

34. 2017
Scientific, Rational and Critical
Thinking Skills for All

35. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

36. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

37. “We tend to overestimate the
effect of a technology
in the short run and
underestimate the effect
in the long run.”

38. Roy Amara (Amaras Law)
The Institute for the Future / Stanford Research Institute
“We tend to overestimate the
effect of a technology
in the short run and
underestimate the effect
in the long run.”

39. Effect
Time
What
we think
that will
happen

40. Effect
Time
What
we think
that will
happen
What really
happens

41. Effect
Time
short run:
overestimate
long run:
underestimate
What really
happens
What
we think
that will
happen

42. Examples
1. Future Learning Environment, 1998
2. MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
3. Shedlight: Augmented reality with virtual
annotation, 2006

43. Three examples
1. Future Learning Environment, 1998

44. What
we think
that will
happen
Effect
Tim Berners-Lee:
World Wide Web
Wikipedia
Facebook
Google
YouTube
Twitter
What really
happens
1991 20082000
Mobile Web

45. 1991

46. 1991

47. 1996

48. 2000

49. Effect
20061998
Future Learning Environment, 1998
Wikipedia
Facebook
Google
YouTube
Twitter
Tim Berners-Lee:
World Wide Web
1991 20082000

50. Future Learning Environment / Fle3

51. Future Learning Environment / Fle3

53. Future Learning Environment / Fle3

54. Future Learning Environment / Fle3

55. Effect
20061998
Future Learning Environment, 1998
Wikipedia
Facebook
Google
YouTube
Twitter
Tim Berners-Lee:
World Wide Web
1991 20082000
10 years

56. Examples
1. Future Learning Environment, 1998
2. MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
3. Shedlight: Augmented reality with virtual
annotation, 2006

57. Three examples
1. (Mobile) Future Learning Environment, 1998
2. MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
3. Shedlight: Augmented reality with virtual
annotation, 2006

58. What
we think
that will
happen
Effect
Mobile Phones
for All
Wikipedia
Android App
What really
happens
2000 20122006
Wikipedia for All

59. 2003

60. What
we think
that will
happen
Effect
Mobile phones
for All
Wikipedia
Android App
What really
happens
2000 20122006
MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006

64. What
we think
that will
happen
Effect
Mobile Phones
for All
Wikipedia
Android App
What really
happens
2000 20122006
MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
6 years

65. Examples
1. Future Learning Environment, 1998
2. MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
3. Shedlight: Augmented reality with virtual
annotation, 2006

66. Three examples
1. Future Learning Environment, 1998
2. MobilED: Mobile audio wiki / Wikipedia, 2006
3. Shedlight: Augmented reality with virtual
annotation, 2006

67. Pokémon GO
Effect
Mobile
augmented reality
Pokémon GO
What really
happens
What
we think
that will
happen
1980
Steve Mann:
Wearable
computer
system
20162000

69. Effect
Pokémon GO
1980 2016
Pokémon GO
20061980
Steve Mann:
Wearable
computer
system
2000
Shedlight: Augmented reality
with virtual annotation

74. Effect
Pokémon GO
1980 2016
Pokémon GO
20061980
Steve Mann:
Wearable
computer
system
2000
Shedlight: Augmented reality
with virtual annotation
10
years
1990

75. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

76. Three Things
1. Grand Challenge in Global Learning
2. Mobile Learning in Context
3. The Future: Pedagogy First

77. pedagogy statement
learner-centered
collaborative
progressive inquiry
= students behaving
like experts.

78. Practices and situations.
Paradigm shift ?

79. Messy connectivity

80. Computing power

81. Automation & robots

82. The future of work?

85. internet-based networks
growing computing capacity
automation and robotics
Technology mega-trends
?

86. 2017
Scientific, Rational and Critical
Thinking Skills for All

88. Learning mega-trends
?
formal and informal learning
social environments
analytics, self-regulated
learning (SRL) and reflection

89. internet-
based
networks
formal and
informal
learning
social
environments
analytics,
SRL and
reflection
growing
computing
capacity ?
automation
and
robotics

90. Leinonen, T., Keune, A., Veermans, M. & Toikkanen, T (2016)
Mobile apps for reflection in learning: A design research in K-12
education. British Journal of Educational Technology.
Põldoja, H., Duval, E., Leinonen, T. (2016) Design and evaluation
of an online tool for open learning with blogs. Australasian
Journal of Educational Technology 32 (2).
Pejoska, J., Bauters, M., Purma, J., Leinonen T. (2016) Social
augmented reality: Enhancing context‐dependent communication
and informal learning at work. British Journal of Educational
Technology.
Durall, E. & Leinonen, T. (2015). Why Do We Want Data for
Learning? Learning Analytics and the Laws of Media. in The Future
of Ubiquitous Learning Learning Designs for Emerging Pedagogies.
Springer International Publishing.

91. Internet-
based
networks
formal and
informal
learning
social
environments
growing
computing
capacity
automation
and
robotics
Analytics,
SRL and
reflection

92. Thank you.
!

93. ?
Thank you.

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