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Conference
Ext. Warangkana Thongprem
ผู้ป่วยเด็กหญิงไทย
อายุ 3 ปี
cc : ตกที่สูง 1 เมตร 4 ชั่วโมง PTA
Chief complaint : ตกที่สูง 1 เมตร 4 ชั่วโมง PTA
Present illness
4 ชั่วโมง PTA ขณะปีนป่ ายรถจักรยานยนต์ที่จอดอยู่ พลัดตกลงมา ความสูง
ประมาณ 1 เมตร ฝ่ามือขวากระแทกพื้นในท่าข้อศอกเหยียดตรง ไม่สลบ ไม่มี
ศีรษะกระแทก ไม่คลื่นไส้อาเจียน ไม่ซึมลง ไม่มีบาดแผล หลังเกิดอุบัติเหตุไม่ยอม
ขยับแขนขวา
Past history
ปฏิเสธประวัติโรคประจาตัว
พัฒนาการสมวัย
Family history
ไม่มีประวัติเจ็บป่วยในครอบครัว
Physical examination
V/S: Temp 37 oC, BP 100/70 mmHg, PR 98/min, RR 22/min
GA: A Thai girl, good consciousness
HEENT: not pale conjunctivae, anicteric sclerae
CVS: full regular pulse, normal S1 S2 no murmur
RS: clear equal both lungs, no accessory m. used
Abd: normoactive bowel sound, soft, not tender
Ext: mild swelling at Rt. distal forearm, limit ROM by pain all direction,
capillary refill <2 sec, no wound
Neuro: E4V5M6, pupil 2 mm RTLBE, motor and sensory cannot evaluated,
decrease movement of Rt. upper extremities
Film Rt. elbow
Film Lt. elbow
Diagnosis
- cFx Rt. Supracondylar Gartland III
Treatment
- Closed reduction with K-wire fixation
Supracondylar fracture
Anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy
Mechanism
Indirect
Fall onto outstretched and hyperextended upper extremity
Direct
Direct trauma to the elbow
Epidemiology
- Comprise of 55-75% of all elbow fractures
- Male predominance
- Peak incidence between 5-8 years of age
Physical Exam
inspection
Swelling
Puckering
S-shaped Deformity, impling, or ecchymosis
motion
painful
Physical Exam
Neuro exam
AIN neurapraxia post
Median nerve injury
Radial nerve neurapraxia
Vascular exam
well perfused: warm, pink
poorly perfused: cold, pale, capillary refill > 2 seconds
Gartland classification
Imaging
- Anterior Fat Pad Sign (“Sail Sign”)
- Posterior Fat Pad Sign
Imaging
- Anterior Humeral Line
Imaging
- Baumann angle
Gartland I
Treatment : Long arm cast/ Locking slab
Gartland II
Treatment : Closed reduction with Long arm cast/ Locking slab
Gartland III
Treatment : Closed reduction + pinning + Long arm cast/ Locking slab
Complications associated with supracondylar fx
Malunion (gunstock deformity/cubitus varus)
Neurovascular injury

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Editor's Notes

  1. Virchow คือ Lt supraclav