The Impact Of Hydroelectricity Production On Its Future Trend

The Impact Of Hydroelectricity Production On Its Future Trend
Abstract
This report outlines the present situation of hydroelectricity production in China and speculates on
its future trend. By analysing three sets of data, it investigates the reasons for the significant
development of hydroelectricity in China and provides comparisons between different countries and
different kinds of fuel. It concludes by looking at the support offered by the government and the
major reason behind this. It also suggests that the generation of hydroelectricity in China will keep
growing and will relieve the air pollution issue.
Introduction
With the high–speed economic development and the incredible growth in human population around
the world, electricity demand has increased rapidly (Zarfl et al., 2015). As a fast growing country
with the largest population in the world, the electricity generation in China nearly doubled between
2005 and 2011 (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2014). In order to narrow the gap between
electricity generation and consumption and, on the other hand, alleviate the environment problems
mainly caused by fossil fuel, China has encouraged more investment in renewable energy (Ibid).
Hydroelectricity has become the most important renewable resource as China has a large amount of
hydroelectric power potential (Ibid). The word "hydroelectric" relates to "the generation of
electricity using flowing water to drive a turbine which powers a generator" (Oxford Dictionaries
online, 2015). Electricity produced by using
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Gas Prices in the United States
Gas Prices in the United States Introduction and Claim No one enjoys paying high prices for
gasoline in the United States. In fact when gasoline prices rise to levels above $3 and $4 dollars and
even up to $5 a gallon it hurts the economy because it hurts consumers. This paper focuses on
gasoline prices and how gasoline prices affect the way Americans drive their cars and trucks. Thesis:
Notwithstanding the cynical view that gasoline distributors are manipulating prices to gouge
consumers, the literature reflects that prices rise and fall in most cases primarily based on market–
driven forces, and on problems with refineries. Moreover, when the government sets higher mileage
standards for vehicles, it means cars go a lot farther on a gallon notwithstanding the price of that
gallon of gasoline. The Literature on Gasoline Prices Background As a quick review, information
provided by the Research and Innovative Technology Administration, a division of the Bureau of
Transportation Statistics (which is a division of the U.S. Department of Transportation) is helpful in
terms of following the prices of the cost of a gallon of gasoline from January 2002 through January
2012. In January, 2002, the average cost of a gallon of gasoline was just over a dollar; by January
2004 the cost of a gallon of gasoline had risen to $1.75; and by January 2006 the price rose to
around $3.00 a gallon. Then in January 2008 the cost of gas was up to $4.00; it dipped to around
$2.00 briefly in 2009

The United States Energy Information Administration
From the moment we wake up in the morning and turn our alarm clock off, to the moment we turn
the lights off and fall asleep, we are using energy. Throughout the day an average person will use a
cell phone, a computer, a television, an oven or microwave, and many will ride in a car or bus: all of
this takes energy. Energy is even being used while we sleep to power the same alarm clock that
wakes us up each morning. Individuals in first world countries are large consumers of energy, but
where does it all come from? What powers most of our modern day conveniences? The United
States Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that as much as eighty–two percent of the
United State's energy demand is met by using fossil fuels (Fossil Fuels), and in 2012, fossil fuels
made up eighty–seven percent of the energy consumed worldwide (Gonzalez & Lucky, 2013). What
are fossil fuels then?
There is a common misconception that fossil fuels come from dead dinosaurs, and while this is not
actually true, fossil fuels do come from dead plans and animals, however they were dead long before
the dinosaurs roamed the earth (U.S. Department of Energy). The type of animal and plant, as well
as the varied combinations these could create, determine the type of fossil fuel that was formed
(U.S. Department of Energy): oil, natural gas, or coal. The EIA defines fossil fuels as "concentrated
organic compounds found in the Earth's crust" (Fossil Fuels). This means that fossil fuels are formed
when

What Is The Citizen Transition Initiative?
Introduction
Moving into the future requires a strong, educated citizen voice to help guide the City of Edmonton
to reduce their carbon footprint, improve sustainability and resiliency. The Citizen Panel on
Edmonton's Energy and Climate Change was a City of Edmonton initiative to engage a diverse
citizen panel to make recommendations to council and administration for the development of an
energy transition plan in 2012 (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate Changes, 2013,
pg. 1). This paper will explore the citizen engagement initiative undertaken by the City of
Edmonton, using course–based materials to analyze and evaluate the participation infrastructure and
its ability to provide participants the opportunity to connect with ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
2). The collective input provided from this panel would provide both information and direction to
council and administration to move towards becoming a low carbon city by 2050
Goals of the Project
This engagement process was facilitated by the City of Edmonton's Office of Environment and was
in partnership with Alberta Climate Change Dialogue (ABCD) and the Centre for Public
Involvement (CPI) (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate Changes, 2013, pg. 1). The
goals of the panel, the function and the process were clearly outlined in the Participants Handbook
2012 given to all the panel participants (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes
Participant Handbook, 2012, pgs. 1–84). The goals of the project were to explore Edmontonians
views on the importance of reducing its carbon footprint for future policy and direction. Final
recommendations included that "the City of Edmonton take the measures needed to become a low
Carbon City by 2050 and six goals (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes,
2013, pg. 1) were determined by this engagement process.
To obtain the goal of becoming a low carbon city by 2050 will require long–term changes and
increased cooperation and collaboration between the city's government, businesses, community
organizations, and

Persuasive Essay On Nuclear Energy
Most people on Earth today are very sensitive to the idea of nuclear energy in general. They have
seen and heard news on television and online on disasters involving nuclear energy plants/reactors
and assume that all nuclear energy and nuclear plants are dangerous to the people and the
environment. Yet very little people know about the benefits that nuclear energy can have on the
environment. Nuclear energy is capable of creating electricity without releasing carbon gas into the
atmosphere, creating is more environmentally friendly than most, if not all other forms of producing
electricity. With that said, I believe that nuclear energy should be used in place of fossil fuels
producing electricity to reduce carbon emissions
As we all know, our planet is at risk of becoming a victim of global warming. Every day that risk
increases due to the number of inefficient methods of creating electricity, which produce massive
amounts of carbon gas. This carbon gas is released into the atmosphere and some of it remains in the
atmosphere due to the effect of greenhouse gases. The collection of gases in the atmosphere
gradually leads up to the heating up of the entire planet which will most likely cause the rise of sea
levels, causing coastal cities and communities to be submerged underwater.
Switching to nuclear power would be the most effective solution to this dilemma as nuclear power
plants reduce the amount of carbon gas released into the atmosphere. According to a study done by

Essay about Energy Consumption in the United States
Energy Consumption in the United States
The United States consumes more energy than needed, compared to the rest of the world. However,
to properly address such an issue as over consumption of energy, one first must understand what
"energy" is.
Energy is the ability for something to do work, create heat, or emit light. By this definition, energy
can be anything from a sandwich to uranium. However, for the sake of simplification, this essay will
focus on the United States' consumption of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and gas), which constitute eighty–
six percent of American energy (Lehrman 2). That is a lot of energy, however it becomes an even
larger amount when taken into consideration that even though America accounts for only five ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The United States clearly consumes more energy than needed, but it is not all due to wastefulness
and apathy. For example, if one were to compare the US with the European Union, he/she would see
that the US consumes about twice as much energy. However, such an observer must take into
account other factors, such as population density. The US as a whole is four times less dense in
population than the EU, and therefore needs more energy for basic tasks such as commuting. In
addition, the US has greater climate extremes than the nations in the EU and therefore consumes
more energy for heating and air conditioning. The same facts work when comparing the US to China
or Japan (Lehrman 2). Nevertheless, there is a problem in the United States that must be addressed.
With American population expected to increase by approximately fifty percent over the next fifty
years, some sort of energy reform is needed (Lehrman 2). The most commonly proposed idea is for
America to stop relying so heavily on fossil fuels, and to turn its focus onto renewable sources of
energy, such as solar power and hydroelectricity (Energy Information Administration). If the United
States could realize the benefits of renewable energy, then much of the world's energy problems
could be solved.
Works Cited
Consumption by the United States – accessed February 12, 2005

The Impact Of The Medical Industry. . The Medical Industry
The Impact of the Medical Industry The medical industry is comprised of hospitals and other
institutions that provide goods and services to treat patients with curative, preventive, rehabilitative,
and palliative care (Boxall, 2004). It is an industry that for decades has provided us humans with
beneficial services when it comes to our health. But, although it is of great value to us, it negatively
impacts the environment. Due to the fact, that it uses a vast amount of natural resources (like fossil
fuel and water), and produces huge loads of waste. Consequently contributing to the damage of the
environment. As it has become more noticeable, that the healthcare industry plays a huge role in
negatively impacting the environment, actions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Which is used to sterilize containers, medical instruments, trays, etc., making hospitals place
amongst the top 10 water users nationwide (American Hospitals Association). For example a report
by the CBECS that was conducted for the very first time in 30 yrs., stated that hospitals in the U.S
consumed about 133billion gallons of water in 2007 alone (U.S Energy Information Administration,
2012). While on the other hand, they also produce huge amounts of waste per year, which equates to
2.3 million tons (University of Pennsylvania, 2015). Which includes paper, cardboard, infectious
material, and medical waste much of which is not properly disposed of and makes its way into the
environment (Savage, N/A). By using extensive amounts of natural resources, the medical industry
has contributed to the damage of the environment. Due to the fact, that they are the 2nd largest
emitter of greenhouse gases, contributing to the eight percent of the nations GHG emissions
produced by the sector alone (Eckelman and Sherman, 2016). Most of which is produced by direct
activities like the incineration of medical waste, that releases toxic chemicals like mercury, and the
use of ambulances which emits carbon dioxide as they are driven daily (Brown, Buettner, and
Canyon, 2012). As well as by indirect activities, that can be seen as the amount of carbon dioxide or
pollution emitted by companies that produce and transport medical supplies for

Fossil Fuels In America
Fossil fuels are a major source of energy in America and throughout the world. The three major
fossil fuels are oil, natural gas, and coal. While these three fossil fuels account for most of the
energy used in most countries and they are able to provide energy for places around the world at a
cheap price, they also account for things like pollution and the climate changes. Each of the fossil
fuels has a long process to be prepared for consumer use that causes many environmental problems.
The major draw to using fossil fuels is the money that they generate for the economy. Fossil fuels
have made people's lives easier and more dependent on technology.
Accounting for most of the world's source of energy is fossil fuels. These sources are ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of animals and plants under water, coal is made from plants that have died at the bottom of a
swamp and have been pressed down by layers of soil and dirt (U.S. Energy Information
Administration, 2014). These processes are similar because they both include pressure being the
source of the energy creation and the length of time being millions of years. The final nonrenewable
source of energy is natural gas, which came about in a similar manner to oil and coal. It took the
same length of time for natural gas to be formed, which is why all three of these are considered
nonrenewable resources (Energy Explorer, 2004). Gas is formed from organic matter, such as plants,
that were compressed by sand and dirt over millions of years (Energy Explorer, 2004). Since these
processes are not able to be repeated, there is a limited supply of these resources. The process for
removal of these resources differs, unlike the process of how they originated. They also come from
various places, like in rocks and formations. Coal is generally found in the Midwest, especially in
Missouri and Illinois (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2014). Coal mining, although it seems simple
in principle, is actually a very complicated in–depth process that can cause serious injury and is
disruptive to the environment. According to the Union of Concerned Scientists (2014), a lot of the
underground mining for coal occurs in the East. Due

The Exploration Of The Keystone Pipeline
The Keystone Pipeline already exists and runs from "oil sand fields in Alberta, Canada into the US,
ending in Cushing, Oklahoma" (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?). The current topic concerning
this pipeline is the expansion of the pipeline to create the Keystone XL Pipeline, which will consist
of "1,700 new miles of pipeline" (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?). This project would offer
expansion from Cushing, Oklahoma to the Gulf Coast of Texas, "where oil refineries abound", and
expansion from Alberta to Kansas, allowing for the pipeline to "pass through a region where oil
extraction is ...booming" (What is the Keystone XL Pipeline?). The "U.S. became the world's top
producer of petroleum and natural gas" in 2013 (Energy Infrastructure). "Capital spending in the
infrastructure that moves and transforms oil and gas into everyday products ... has increased by 60
percent between 2010 and 2013" (Energy Infrastructure). The rise to become the top producer has
led to the decrease in "U.S. oil import dependence" and the "rise of U.S. product exports" (U.S. Oil
Import Dependence). The increased exportation of oil and gas by the U.S. has allowed both of these
products to become large moneymakers for the United States. Although we will probably never
"completely eliminate our need" for oil, we can reduce our petroleum consumption and the damage
we inflict on the environment (Reduce Oil Dependence Costs). By decreasing the "dependence on
oil" in new vehicles, there has been a

The Misconceptions Of Renewable Energy Vehicles
Misconceptions of Renewable Energy Vehicles Renewable energy is usually considered the future of
technology and the next large advancement for society. The main reasoning for this, as a use for
vehicles' energy, is because many people believe that renewable energy is necessary to stop climate
change. And these people believe this misconception because of green house gases, which are
released from the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels create most of the world's power, which leads to the
creation of green house gas emissions, which is why they are usually considered to be "bad".
Emissions from vehicles are responsible for only 14.7% of the pollution that is released into the air
(The Guardian). A positive for cars that run on renewable energy is that they can be environmentally
friendly, under the correct circumstances, due to running on electricity; with the exception of
hybrids, which run on fossil fuels (Zumerchik, John). The use of fossil fuels in hybrids then charges
the car, which allows for more fuel efficiency than the average vehicle (Zumerchik, John). Some
complications that exist for renewable energy vehicles, specifically electric cars, is low energy
efficiency, air pollution, fossil fuel use, foreign oil suppliers dependency, lead poisoning, and
leaking storage tanks (GERMAN, JOHN M ). Using renewable energy as a source of power for
vehicles is ineffective due to the creation of these vehicles harming the environment and an
unnecessary change of oil dependency.

The Importance Of Fracking In California
California is suffering from a 5–year draught making water an incredibly precious recourse for
residents. California residents are making water conservation a top priority. Problem – Hydraulic
Fracturing for natural gas contaminates ground and surface water as a result of chemical use while
using millions of gallons of water in the process. How fracking effects our water: a) A vertical well
requires anywhere from 50,000 to 350,000 gallons of water to drill. (Weinstein 2013, 886) b) A
horizontal well requires anywhere from two to five million gallons of water. (Weinstein 2013, 886)
c) Flowback fluids from fracking can contaminate ground and surface water. (Weinstein 2013, 885)
d) Contaminated water poses health risks on humans, pets, wild animals, and farm animals.
(Mcdermott–Levy 2013) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Background Hydraulic Fracturing was invented in the mid 1900s to access gas reserves unreachable
by conventional oil drilling (Beaver 2015, 180) a) Massive hydrocarbon reservoirs were stuck
underground with little permeability. (Beaver 2015,

Complex Forms Of Administration Essay
Complex forms of administration as in governmental or global companies gives way to thwarting
the advancement of change of the intended purpose for change to increase effectiveness or
efficiency of operations that work against itself, passing over hierarchical impacts opportunities of
effectiveness and efficiency of competitiveness stemming from lack of taking advantage making
roles for of less important products. This develops organizational motivation and energy
concentrating efforts to critical components in the market. Furthermore, this is more evident in US
administrative processes that forego leadership suitability opportunities that can have a critical
sustainable financial impact in a complex competitive environment. Administrative ... Show more
Moreover, the effectiveness and efficacy of the organization are recognized by the organizational
design. To enhance role clearness, director must assess, plainly compose, and show sets of
expectations to cutting–edge staff (Springer, 2011). It is through the leadership of the organization
that a fluid response of stakeholders adjusts the internal and external forces that exists. The
organization is an ever changing living machine, without maintaining and recognizing opportunities
for growth, adjustment to procedures and policies, technical advancements it will not survive the
competitive market. Research supports that conflict diminishes work fulfillment, role clearness
limits struggle among representatives and administration, along these lines expanding work
fulfillment (Springer, 2011). The ability of the organization to be able to meet those opportunities
and technical advantages of change the organization should promote training programs that motivate
and increase the energy of leadership, allowing administration the tools and the skills to maintain the
effectiveness and efficiency of performance. As Shadare (2011) impresses administration (lower,
center and best units) ought to be spurred by businesses to partake in

The United Arab Emirates ( Uae )
1. Introduction
Forty years ago the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was a deserted land surrounded by vast desert and
governed by Bedouins tribes. Since the early 1970s The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has emerged
from an isolated deserted country into an international destination for hundreds of nationalities.
Today, the UAE is considered as one of the most developed countries in the Middle East. The UAE
has experienced an economic transition and has reached similar standards as the developed
countries. Essentially, the natural resources such as oil and gas have played the key changer to the
Emirati economy and helped transforming the society from a tribal culture into an advanced country
that attracts many foreign investors and high skilled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Today, seven Emirates (states) form the UAE: Abu Dhabi, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah,
Dubayy, Umm al Qaywayn, and Ra 's al Khaymah.
Income GDP:
The UAE 's GDP in 2013 represents $390 billion with 4% in growth rate against 3.9% in 2011 and
4.4% in 2012. (CIA Factbook, 2014), the UAE holds the world 's 27th largest economy. According
to the CIA Factbook 2014 data, we observe the following statistics:
GDP – composition, by end use:
Table 1 imports of goods and services 51.9% government consumption 7% investment in fixed
capital 23.1% investment in inventories 0.7% exports of goods and services 96% household
consumption –78.8% Source: CIA Factbook 2013
3. Education: Education is one of the most important sectors that have been recently subject of
remarkable reforms. The UAE 's leader Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan noted: "The greatest
use that can be made of wealth is to invest it in creating generations of educated and trained people."
(Uae–embassy, 2014). para. 1. The public educational structure in the UAE was established in the
early 1970s based on programs taught in Arabic as the first language. Public spending on education;
total (% of GDP) in the United Arab Emirates was last measured at 0.99 in 2009, according to the
World Bank. (Trading economies. para. 1). However, the private schools have been developed
during the last years, especially Universities and Colleges. According to the UAE 's UNISCO 2010

Addicted to Oil
Addicted To Oil The United States uses nearly a quarter of the world's oil. This would not be a
problem if the U.S. had a large oil reserve but it only has 3% of the world's reserves for 4% of the
population (Pickens). This huge dependence on oil is costing us economically and also threatens our
dreams. The United States needs to become more energy independent by using sources other than
oil. Many alternative sources are available but renewable sources provide the brightest future. The
United States' increasing dependence on oil is a growing problem. Oil demand is increasing at an
outstanding rate, not only in the U.S. but also around the world. Consider this, in 2008, "the world
produced about 85 million barrels of oil a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
imported 63% of its oil from foreign countries. This equates to 24.7 billion dollars spent overseas in
just one month (Pickens). These facts and figures show clearly that the United States needs to reduce
its dependence on oil. To accomplish this, short term and long term fixes need to be implemented.
Using more fuel efficient vehicles is a relativity short term fix which will reduce oil consumption.
Two alternative sources of energy for our vehicles are natural gas and biofuels. Both natural gas and
biofuels can be used right away in some of today's cars or with minor modifications in the
remainder. Another aspect of the solution is using mass transit options which have proven effective
in other places in the world such as Europe. Natural gas and biofuels can also be used to provide
energy in homes for things such as heating and cooling. Another type of alternative energy is
renewable. Two important sources are wind and solar power. Wind and solar are relatively unlimited
sources that aren't affected by how much they're used. With a little more advancement in technology
these forms will become financially competitive or even cheaper than current energy sources. While
an energy solution is going to be challenging to implement, the U.S. needs to acknowledge the fact
that solutions needs to be found. Using a combination of the two renewable energy sources will
provide the most effective method of creating new energy sunlight. Sun light is

BMAL 501 Assignment
Nadine StLouis BMAL 501 Discussion Board Forum 2: Satterlee The essential methods that are
critical to the systems, structure practices of management and leadership include adjusting
effectiveness, value, and voice. The relationship between the administration and authority ought to
express reason, trustworthiness, and develop the initiative. The mutual dreams ought to reason
differentiated worldwide natural quality. Desires of these thoughts have aggregate essentials for
conduct changes. By raising the difficulties in administration thoughts underpins impacts of
globalization, new dealing structures, and solidarity. "The model created here spotlights on three
variables identified with the "integration leader" that set up the atmosphere ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In the event that gave the right ability to read a compass and reason from their "pioneer" they will
react in ways that won't just inspire you, however, make you exceptionally glad too." (Marker, Don
2010) Arranged methodologies ready a group with the "know who" important to finish a task needs
certainty and a longing to succeed. Pioneers must put resources into time overseeing self–standards,
reason, and inspiration so as to direct as a group. This incorporates morals, character, and a tyrant
keen on associate overseeing. Peer administration a standout amongst the most unevaluated types of
connections at work. How to value your partners and still give authority without disarray? The open
picture will really affect discernment on companion administration. "The authority part to learn and
information administration needs to concentrate on four principle regions DS advancing basic
reason, building up a community–oriented society, encouraging multi–disciplinary collaboration,
and creating learning and learning administration techniques. The best administration way to deal
with attempt these parts is transcendently synergistic and scattered yet may be adaptable to mirror
the progressive goals of execution and accountability."(Williams, Paul

The Link Between Supply And Demand Of Crude Oil Essay
1 Introduction Great number of shipping companies specialize in bulk commodity transportation,
and crude oil refers to major liquid bulk cargo type. Demand of downstream users and supply in
upstream sector impacts the work of shipping companies. The aim of the report is to examine the
link between supply and demand of crude oil. This report presents description of crude oil, its
downstream users, processing and utilization, regarding corresponding literature, statistical data and
maps. 2 Crude oil Crude oil is a fossil fuel that consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. It is
a flammable liquid with a specific smell. Fossil fuels are formed over millions of years from
sedimentary rocks. Crude oil is formed from remains of dead sea creatures. As it takes millions of
years to form – fossil fuels are limited and non–renewable (BBC 2006). Oil accumulates between
layers of the subsurface or in porous rock among other things. There are four types of areas where
the biggest oil reserves are found – deserts (e.g. Unites Arab Emirates), arctic areas, river deltas (e.g.
Nigeria) and continental margins offshore (e.g. USA) (Anderson 2016). In terms of global
consumption, crude oil is the most important primary fuel, accounting for 36.5 % of world primary
energy consumption. Most of the global reserves of oil are located in the Middle East, the rest are
found in America and CIS countries (Rempel 2006), detailed information is shown in the Figure 1.
Figure 1: A map of world oil

What Is The Citizen Panel On Edmonton's Energy Transition...
Introduction The Citizen Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate Change was a City of Edmonton
initiative to engage a diverse citizen panel to make recommendations to council and administration
for the development of an energy transition plan over a 42 hour period in 2012 (Citizens' Panel on
Edmonton's Energy and Climate Changes, 2013, pg. 1). This paper will explore the citizen
engagement initiative undertaken by the City of Edmonton, using course–based materials to analyze
and evaluate the participation infrastructure and its ability to provide participants the opportunity to
connect with each other, solve problems, make decisions and celebrate community (Nabatchi, 2015,
pg. 6) Problem Identification In 2011, the environmental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
2). The collective input provided from this panel would provide both information and direction to
council and administration to move towards becoming a low carbon city by 2050. Goals of the
Project This engagement process was facilitated by the City of Edmonton's Office of Environment
and was in partnership with Alberta Climate Change Dialogue (ABCD) and the Centre for Public
Involvement (CPI) (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes, 2013, pg. 1). The
goals of the panel, the function and the process were clearly outlined in the Participants Handbook
2012 given to all the panel participants (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes
Participant Handbook, 2012, pgs. 1–84). The goals of the project was to explore Edmontonians
views on the importance of reducing its carbon footprint for future policy and direction. Final
recommendations included that "the City of Edmonton take the measures needed to become a low
Carbon City by 2050 and six goals (Citizens' Panel on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes,
2013, pg. 1) were determined by this engagement process. To obtain the goal of becoming a low
carbon city by 2050 will require long–term changes and increased cooperation and collaboration
between the city's government, businesses, community organizations, and citizens (Citizens' Panel
on Edmonton's Energy and Climate changes, 2013, pg. 14). From a local government perspective,
there are

Fracking Pros And Cons
This essay is related to the process of Fracking and its implications on the Karoo. It will provide a
background on exactly what Fracking is and how the process is carried out and also how and to what
extent the process will affect the Karoo. Knowledge gained from the environmental economics
course will be used and various factors and arguments will be weighed and taken into consideration
with the goal aimed at reaching an evidence based decision as to whether Fracking should or should
not be allowed in the Karoo. With the level of industrialisation the world faces today there is an ever
increasing demand for oil, coal and other sources of energy to fuel a vast array of industrialist
operations. It is evident however according to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the regions in South Africa that offers great promise with regards to an abundance of shale
gas is the Karoo. The Karoo lies east of the Touws River and is situated in the Western Cape and
stretches all the way to the Northern and Eastern Cape. The Karoo was once filled with herds of
buffalo, rhinos, elephant, hippos and lion that have now been hunted out of the area. The Karoo is
now a vast and desolate area that is usually ideal for sheep and ostrich farming (wheretostay.co.za,
2011). Most of the Karoo's residents stay in the Central Karoo which spans around 38,853 square
kilometres with a population size of around 62,300 people resulting in the population of the area to
be of a low density (Tradeinvest South Africa, 2009). Past Karoo explorations in search of
hydrocarbons in the 1960's found shale gas formations at around 5 kilometres beneath the ground
but due to the lack of technology at the time the gas could not be reached and operations were
abandoned. Now however because of modern hydraulic fracturing processes the Karoo hosts a vast
supply of attainable shale gas (Golder Associates, 2011). According to "The US Energy Information
Administration" there is around 485 trillion cubic feet of shale gas that can be recovered from the
Southern Karoo which can fuel South Africa's energy needs for around 400 years. If we had to
assume a reasonable retail price of $8

Essay on Rising Gas Prices in the United States
Once upon a time Americans hopped into their cars on warm spring days and took long drives to
admire the beauty of nature. Teenagers took joy rides around town to meet friends and rode from
one "hot spot" to another. Those were the days when gas prices were affordable to the average
American. Over the past few years, gas prices in the United States have been on the rise. What is
causing the increase in gas prices? To understand the increase in gas prices, one must first identify
the distribution of dollars paid per gallon at the pump. According to the U.S. Energy Information
Administration (eia) in 2010, the annual average paid at the pump consisted of 68% crude oil, 7%
refining, 10% distribution and marketing, and 15% taxes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In response to the rebellion, Gadhafi has amassed a military force that includes regime supporters
and hired mercenaries to fight against the rebels. This has caused an upheaval all throughout Libya's
oil industry causing turmoil within the National Oil Corporation (NOC). "Along with smaller
subsidiary companies, the NOC accounts for around 50 percent of the country's oil output."
(Reuters) In addition, major foreign international oil companies operating in Libya have evacuated
employees. These companies include Eni, StatoilHydro, Occidental Petroleum, OMV,
ConocoPhillips, Hess Corp, Marathon, Shell, BP, ExxonMobil, and Wintershall, a subsidiary of
chemical company BASF. (Reuters) Meanwhile the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has
decided to enforce the no–fly zone over Libya and protect citizens. As the United States, United
Kingdom, and France prepared for action against Libya under the U. N. resolution, the cost of crude
oil per barrel rose to $103.66. (Press) The United States launched cruise missiles against Gadhafi's
military forces. Missile strikes as well as Gadhafi's own land attacks have halted Libya's oil
production and exportation. "The International Energy Agency (IEA) said that while the rebellion
against Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi continues, "what is becoming clearer is the country's oil
production and exports could be off the market for many months due to

Energy Audit Paper
We all use energy in multiple ways and for many different reasons. We use energy to heat and cool
our homes, to run our automobiles, to stay connected, and illuminate our lives. The average US
residential utility customer in 2014 used 911 kWh per month, or 10,932 kWh a year (Frequently
Asked Questions, 2015). In order to find out just how and where energy is consumed within a home
one must conduct and energy audit. In this assignment an energy audit of my residential home will
be completed. My home is a single–story, detached home with 1942 sqft. It is home to two young
children and three adults. This residential audit will examine twenty different items throughout the
home that have an effect on the energy consumed. This residence is an all–electric ... Show more
It is also clear where changes can be made in order to improve the overall energy consumption. This
energy audit showed home this residence compares to residence as well as twenty different areas
within the home that consume energy. I believe the averages on the chart above are pretty accurate.
The amount of energy used over a year period on the WREC bills totaled 22,559 kWh (Monthly
Electric Bill, 2014–2015). The total amount of energy accounted for in the home audit was 22,178
kWh. In assignment series 3 we will use the information from this audit to recommend energy
savings that can be found within this

A Express Transmission Project Receives Approval From...
TransWest Express Transmission Project receives approval from Nevada PUC General Interest The
Nevada Public Utilities Commission (PUC) granted approval for the $3 billion Trans West Express
project (TWEP). TWEP is a 725 mile 600–kilovolt transmission line carrying 3,000–megawatt of
mostly renewable energy. This project will help deliver high–capacity renewable energy to larger
markets in the west, including utilities in Arizona, Nevada, Wyoming, and California. The
Department of Energy (DOE) Western Area Power Authority (WAPA) entered into a non–binding
agreement with TransWest to procure a 50 percent equity stake in the transmission project. Under
the current non–binding contractual agreement, TransWest Express, LLC and Western are jointly
developing and maintaining the transmission line. To protect wetlands and wildlife habitat, the
Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the DOE's Western Area Power Administration are
preparing an environmental impact statement under the National Environmental Policy Act for the
TransWest Express Transmission Project. Transwest officials estimate a large portion of the
proposed route is sited on federal land, which is mainly administered by the Bureau of Land
Management and U.S. Forest Service. Developers expect to start the construction in 2017 and
service it in 2020. Sites used: http://www.transwestexpress.net/news/briefs/030410–Western–Area–
Power.shtml

Increasing Oil Production in the United States of America
Increasing Oil Production in the United States of America
Crude oil is a major source of energy for the world. Everyday the United States consumes more
crude oil than it produces. The growing number of barrels of oil imported into the Unites States and
rising gas prices are major concerns. Even though increasing the United States crude oil production
may not lower gas prices immediately, it will eventually allow the United States to be energy
independent. Oil is used in many different ways besides gasoline. Many types of products
worldwide consume oil. Plastics, rubber, tar, lubricates, asphalt, perfume and wax are just a few of
the byproducts that come from oil. A barrel of crude oil, which is 42 U.S. gallons, will produce
around ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Examples of renewable energy sources are, solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and wind.
Renewable energy is expensive to produce but due to the high price of oil and natural gas, it has
become cost–effective. Additionally the federal government has offered tax credits to encourage the
development of more renewable energy sources. The Energy Information Administration (2008)
states that the United States is the second largest country to produce renewable electricity.
Specifically hydroelectric power is the most abundant renewable source of energy at this time. Wind
turbine technology has improved in the past few years. Wind turbines produce electricity to be sent
to people's homes. In 2006 wind produced 4% of the United States energy supply (Energy
Information Administration, 2008). As more and more wind farms are constructed that percentage
will go up. The more energy that can be produced by renewable sources, will allow the United
States to use natural gas for transportation rather than powering the homes of the American people.
Every energy source the United States can use will help with the dependence on foreign oil.
In 2006 nuclear power accounted for 8% of the United States total energy supply (Energy
Information Administration, 2008). The United States has more than 100 nuclear power plants
operating to produce electricity (Brain, 2008). Nuclear power

Hydraulic Fracturing And Natural Gas
Hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking" is a drilling process that allows access to unconventional oil and
natural gas reserves that would otherwise be inaccessible. Limestone, sandstone and shale far below
the ground contain natural gas. This gas is formed as dead organisms in the rocks are decomposed.
We can capture this gas at the surface when the rocks that contain the gas are drilled. To increase the
flow of released gas, drillers use pressurized water to break the rocks apart, "fracturing" them.
Initially this was sometimes done through detonating small explosions in the wells to increase the
flow of gas to the surface. Around 1940, oil and gas drilling companies started fracking the rocks
through pumping a high pressure water, sand and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, water from gas wells often returns to the surface containing low, but measurable radioactive
elements, and huge concentrations of salt. Economic Benefits/Liabilities Some potential benefits of
fracking include job creation, increased income and wealth for those who sign gas leases on
privately owned land, expanded local business opportunities for those who directly and indirectly
service the energy industry. This could be for example construction workers, hotels and restaurants.
Another benefit is rising tax revenue for communities. US oil and gas producers are struggling with
persistently low natural–gas prices and a roughly 50% drop in the price of crude oil in the past year.
The huge drop in oil prices has caused many drillers to do drastically cut their budgets, including
laying off workers. Some firms are also struggling with higher costs of storing fracking related
waste due to stricter regulations. Water, Climate Hydraulic fracturing requires 2–10 million gallons
of water per well per fracture, which raises concern over water resources and quality. Some of the
concern is about depletion of groundwater sources, but there are also a concerns about
contamination of subterranean and surface water. (Boudet, H, 2013) Inadequately treated drilling
wastewater with potentially toxic materials; surface spills of chemicals etc is getting released into
rivers and streams. (Osborn et al., 2011) Instances of water contamination have been

A Energy Source For The State Of Florida
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to inform you of a suitable energy source to meet the projected
demands of the state of Florida for the next ten years. I recommend a hybrid plant that uses both
solar energy and natural gas. I am certain that a hybrid plant is the most suitable energy source for
the State of Florida for the next 10 years.
Statistics
Florida's Statistics
Florida Public Service Commission reports that as of 2014, natural gas generates 58.89%, or the
majority of Florida's energy (2). Coal is the second most prevalent type of energy generation in
Florida, according to Florida Public Service Commission, generating 21.33% of the state's energy
(2). Nuclear power generates 12.43% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service Commission 2).
Energy generation by oil and renewable fuel types are nearly nonexistent, together these sources
only generate 1.6% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service Commission 2). Finally, according to
the Florida Public Service Commission, other sources only generate 5.75% of the state's energy (2).
Florida Public Service Commission forecasts from current trends that by 2024 the use of
environmentally harmful energy sources such as coal, nuclear power, and oil will decrease (2). The
use of natural gas is forecasted to rise to generate 64.73% of Florida's energy (Florida Public Service
Commission, 2). According to the forecast by Florida Public Service Commission, the use of other
sources to generate energy will also decrease

The University Of Illinois At Urbana Champaign
PALA JHANSI FM504 FINAL REPORT (GRADUATE) University of Illinois at Urbana–
Champaign Task 1: About Institution The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is one of the
first 37 public land–grant institutions made after President Abraham Lincoln signed the Morrill Act
in 1862. It is the lead campus of the University of Illinois system. In the University of Illinois
system this is the lead campus. They pioneer innovative exploration that handles overall issues and
extends the human experience with land–grant legacy as an foundation. It established in 1867 and it
is the second most public university in the state and is a building up individual from the Big Ten
Conference. It is an individual from the Association of American Universities ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Building Maintenance performs general repairs to structures and preventive support of systems and
gear. The maintenance department is focused around helping the University to satisfy its main goal
of education, exploration and public engagement by cooperating with campus offices and colleges.
Division of Responsibility (DoR) alludes to the maintenance of Facilities & Services and offices.
The DoR coordinator makes DoRs for new structures, audits and upgrades DoRs for existing
structures, and guarantees the Guidelines are steady and genuinely connected crosswise over
campus. b. Facility Planning/Plant Layout/ Interior Space Planning: Department – Facilities
Information Resources (FIR) Title – Engineer and Supervisor Facilities Information Resources
(FIR) keeps up a few collections containing a total 300,000 or more bits of information and records
related to campus infrastructure. FIR offers prepared to–utilize items, and gives custom
administrations particular to clients, records, space, and foundation, mapping and drafting needs.
This contains three units: Mapping & Drafting, Records & Information, and Space Inventory. The
space inventory database is kept up by F&S Facilities Information Resources Department. The

Is It Worth It?
With gas prices on a slow rise it is no surprise that the United States has a huge dependency on oil.
In a recent statistic from the US Energy Information Administration stated that in 2012 alone
roughly 10.6 million barrels of petroleum were imported into the US daily. Most recently BP was
accused of spilling approximately 470 to 1228 gallons of oil. And in recent past the major oil spill
with in the Gulf of Mexico which occurred in 2010 that is by many is considered to be the worst oil
spill in US history. An estimated 4.9 million barrels of oil was leaked into the Gulf coast. Being
detrimental to not only wildlife but also has a huge impact on the planets general population as well.
Most if not all forms of transportation with a large portion being cars run on oil and little
alternatives to what can be used as a substitute. With such a high dependency on oil as well as being
a high risk factor why hasn't the US looked to other forms of energy that are both clean and
efficient? Many countries have found alternative ways to supply energy. Most notably Sweden, in
which in later years has been noted to actually import waste to use for their energy. If a viable
energy alternative is not implemented then dependency on oil may inevitably deteriorate the
infrastructure in which this country is operated upon as well as consequently negatively affect
natural resources and wildlife to a point in which it will be near impossible to rehabilitate. The
United States defense budget

Nuclear Energy Is The Energy
What is Nuclear Energy
"Nuclear energy is the energy in the nucleus, or core, of an atom." Each nucleus has two kind of
particles
Neutrons
Protons
There are two process to release nuclear energy
Fission and fusion
Process
Fission
A atom of one element is divided to create two small atom of different elements
Fusion
During this process, nuclear reactors use uranium to release energy
Two atoms are combined to made a large atom
This energy produces heat and warms the reactors cooling agent (usually water, liquid metal or
molted salt)
The heat produces steam that turns on the turbines
Turbines propel generators that generates energy
BENEFITS
Low Pollution
Reduces the use of coil and fuel (fossil fuel) Decreases gas emissions
Uranium is inexpensive
The production costs are low
There is enough supply of uranium at least for 80 years
Dependability and efficiency
Works under any weather condition
Can work uninterrupted a whole year
RISKS
Pollution Hazard
Uranium is radioactive once it is extracted

Radioactive waste
Even low level of radioactivity needs hundred of years to become safe
Accidents
Biological and health effects
Costs are high Residual radioactive waste administration is expensive Start up costs are high
Target for terrorism
Nuclear power is used to create massive destruction weapon
NUCLEAR PLANTS ACCIDENTS
It is a nuclear accident when it involves radiation emission
Those are divided in incidents or nuclear accidents depending

Florida 's Energy : Addressing Climate Change
Cover Page
Florida's Energy Sector– Addressing Climate Change
Adopting Solar Energy Changes in Residential Homes to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Caleigh Hensley
Applied Economics & Environment Policy, Planning and Management
Audience
Primary: Residential, Industrial, Commercial
Secondary: Government, Academia
This proposed conference and session will address the necessary changes needed in Florida to
reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This panel will have experts to discuss the policy change and
benefits towards moving into a renewable energy economy. This proposal will be implemented
within the next five years.
4/18/15
Executive Summary
Conference Title: Florida's Energy Sector– Addressing Climate Change
Conference ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Currently in Florida, the net electricity generation from natural gas, "which accounted for 62% of
Florida 's net generation; coal accounted for 21%, the state's nuclear power plants accounted for
12%, and other resources, including renewable energy, supplied the remainder," (U.S. Energy
Information Administration – EIA – Independent Statistics and Analysis, 2014).
Florida's Energy use broken down into 4 sectors
Industrial: 11.7% (472.9 trillion Btu)
Commercial: 23.7% (956.9 trillion Btu)
Residential: 28.4% (1,146.1 trillion Btu)
Transportation: 36.1% (1,456.3 trillion Btu)
Conference Focus: Implement a new policy within five years to move into renewable energy, with a
focus on solar power, while decreasing the use of fossil fuels. This policy will examine the barriers
to implement new renewable energy technologies that will decrease the carbon dioxide emissions

and identify ways to overcome these barriers through incentives, tax breaks, and attitudinal changes.
Session Proposal
Proposed Conference: Adopting Solar Energy Changes in Residential Homes to Reduce Carbon
Dioxide Emissions
Objectives for new policy:
Increase solar use by 30 percent in Florida
Implement tax breaks, incentives, and attitudinal changes for Floridian residents
Build new sustainable infrastructure
The use of solar power as a policy choice is based on the fact that it is an

The Energy Consumed By The United States
Roughly 81% of the energy consumed in the United States in 2015 was produced by fossil fuels
including coal, natural gas, and petroleum oil (EIA, "U.S. Energy Facts Explained"). A study on the
consequences of coal revealed that the burning of coal produced over 100 million tons of solid
waste, and the readying of coal to be burned creates nearly 90 million gallons of slurry, a muddy
waste product, in the United States every year (Sierra Club 2011). In 2015, 2,413 petroleum oil
spills were reported to have spilled a total of just over 300,000 gallons in U.S. waterways (U.S.
Department of Transportation). Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, for oil and natural gas can
contaminate groundwater, induce earthquakes, and release air pollutants. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Wind energy, one of the oldest forms of renewable energy used by humans, is produced simply by
harnessing the power of the wind with wind turbines and generating electricity. Geothermal energy
is energy from the heat of the Earth, and is drawn from locations with naturally heated water like hot
water reservoirs and geysers or areas deep within the Earth accessed by drilling (NREL, "Learning
About Renewable Energy"). Hydroelectric power, in simplest terms, uses the power of water
rushing downwards to rotate a propeller attached to a generator that in turn produces electricity
(Perlman). Another form of renewable energy is biomass, such as wood, biofuel, and bio–waste,
which is burned to produce energy; however, it is not clean energy.
Shifting the majority of energy consumption in the U.S. to clean energy would affect people and
businesses both in and outside of the nation. This inevitably creates concern surrounding the topic
and causes delays due to necessary controversy and questioning. While plenty of concerns are valid,
others have been answered by studies and reports by various organizations but have yet to reach the
public in masses.
One of these concerns is that the cost transitioning to clean energy would be too expensive. It is true
that shifting to green energy would have notable start–up costs; however, generating energy from
these

Nuclear Solution For the Future Essay
Nuclear Solution for the Future For forty years the United States has encountered increased prices
and demand for energy. So what has been done to end the country's energy crisis? Numerous
organizations such as, The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Energy
(DOE) have done research and made recommendations, but no systems have been put in place to
resolve this volatile situation. The U.S. has resources and technologies available to solve the energy
issue within the next 30 years, yet politicians struggle with the topic for fear of voter reprisal.
Environmentalist, special interest, and big business influence politics, nevertheless, elected officials
have the responsibility of improving the quality of life for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The environmental fears of Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and the Fukushima power plant have yet
to be seen. Three Mile Island harmed no one, Chernobyl had the Red Forest, where a whole forest of
pine trees died and had to be removed, and the Fukushima power plant has yet to begin assessing the
impact. At Chernobyl many food restrictions were put in place immediately on plant and animal
consumption, and several of these remain today. More research needs to be completed. The fear of
an accident, and concerns over waste disposal linger in the minds of many, restating the hazards and
fears of nuclear energy on the environment. Rising health concerns about radiation and the relation
to cancer is the chief concern posed by nuclear power, even though exposure to low–level radiation
occurs daily the link to cancer and radiation are confirmed in a report by the EPA "There is no firm
basis for setting a "safe" level of exposure.... In setting limits, EPA makes the conservative
(cautious) assumption that any increase in radiation exposure is accompanied by an increased risk of
stochastic (random) effects." The result a nuclear accident can make on a nearby community proves
the danger associated with nuclear power supplies. Nuclear power has proven to be dangerous with
the possibility of radiation poisoning and high

The Department Of Homeland Security
"The Department of Homeland Security was created through the incorporation of 22 different
federal departments and agencies into a joint, integrated Department." DHS has become a more
efficient and integrated Department that has become highly strengthened; the homeland security is
an agency that has a more secure America. Without a doubt, it is highly equipped to confront the
vast range of threats the United States of America faces. This analysis will explain why the
Department of Homeland Security exists. It will also explain why the Department of Homeland
Security grew into and whom they have become after September 11, 2001. Also, an explanation of
who DHS is, in this I will explain all 22 different departments of DHS. Another important ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Department of Defense is also part of DHS; this department controls the military in its totality
whether its use is foreign or domestic, and DHS protects our nation 's borders. Having this said, or
nations Immigration and Naturalization services are also under the supervision of the Department of
Homeland Security. The department DHS has two different functions one of which is the
enforcement, and the other is the services, in this case, l ICE and CIS (as previously explained
abbreviations will be Further described in the Paper). Soon after that INS and Customs Services
joined forming Homeland Security Investigations this is the intelligence agency that secures DHS.
INS and other agencies make our borders secure, for example, U.S. BP, U.S. Customs Services,
APHIS. Well, these four organizations were united forming one single department under DHS,
which is U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Another department that got replaced was the Federal
Protection Service for the National Protection and Programs. DHS is the third biggest Cabinet
office, after the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs. It has over 240,000 representatives.
The Homeland Security Council composes country security arrangement at the White House.
Different offices with huge country security obligations incorporate the Departments of

Nuclear Power Is The Best Source Of Power Essay
Mickey Eovine
O'Sullivan
1st
January 22, 2016
Nuclear Power
Just about every part of today's society involves energy of some sorts. But as our society progresses,
the need for better, more efficient power sources must be addressed. Out of all of the choices, the
most popular to date is nuclear power. Nuclear power is a growing industry that is getting mixed
reviews from various sources. But which side is right? Is nuclear power the future? Or is it just
another problem the world will have to deal with? The answer is simple. Nuclear Energy is the
future and will power almost the entire world one day. Nuclear power is the best source of power
because it produces lots of power, it produces clean energy, it is cheap, and it is sustainable. Before
that though, a bit of history about nuclear energy. In 1789, Uranium was discovered by a German
chemist named Martin Klaproth. Later on in 1902 Ernest Rutherford, discovered how radioactivity
as a spontaneous event emits an alpha or beta particle from the nucleus that creates a different
element. In 1919 he wanted a better understanding of atoms, so he fired alpha particles from a
radium source into nitrogen and found that nuclear rearrangement was occurring, with formation of
oxygen. Niels Bohr also did work to help better understand the work of atoms in the 1940s (Perera).
Nuclear fission (the process that generates nuclear power) was discovered by Lisa Meitner and Otto
Frisch. They were studying a puzzling result

The Energy Information Administration ( 2016 )
In 2015 the United States produced an average of 9.4 million barrels of crude oil a day, a rate of
production not seen in over 45 years (EIA, 2015). In 2008 production averaged 5 million barrels a
day. This drastic increase in production can be attributable, in part, to advances in hydraulic
fracturing. According to the Energy Information Administration (2016) this controversial drilling
technology has been in use for over 6 decades, but has otherwise contributed relatively little to total
crude oil output. In 2000 23,000 hydraulic fractured wells produced 102,000 barrels of oil a day, or
2% of the total national output. In 2015 there were 300,000 hydraulically fractured wells producing
4.3 million barrels of oil a day, a 4,000% increase ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A 2008 assessment by the United States Geological Survey (2013) of Bakken shale formation
determined that an estimated 3.65 billion barrels of oil were technically recoverable. A subsequent
reassessment in 2013 found the formation contained 7.4 billion barrels of undiscovered and
technically recoverable oil reserves (USGS, 2013). Nevertheless, many in the shale production
industry believe the Bakken formation may contain over 20 billion barrels of technically recoverable
oil (SAFE, 2012).
What is Hydraulic Fracturing? Certain geological formations may contain deposits of natural gas
and petroleum; however, these formations generally have extremely low permeability (Earthworks
(EW), 2016). Hydraulic fracturing is process that increases the permeability of these rock
formations, making the fossil fuels contained within more extractable (EW, 2016). Although
hydraulic fracturing has been in use for over 60 years, only recently has it gained widespread use.
Fracking begins by drilling a well and inserting a steel pipe known as a casing. The casing contains
perforations within a "target zone" where there is assumed to be natural gas or oil supplies (EW,
2016). Once the casing is in position "fracturing fluid" is pumped into the casing, and injected into
the well through the perforations at the target zone (EW, 2016). The rock formation absorbs the fluid
until it becomes saturated, at which point pressure begins to build in the well, causing

Renewable Energy : Renewable Resources
Renewable energy: energy in which comes from natural resources that are naturally replenished,
such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat (Bhatia, 2014). This essay is focused on the
main three renewable energies, wind, sunlight, and water. Renewable resources are well on the way
to out rule the fossil fuel industry because of the diminishing amount of fossil fuels left in the world
and increase of renewable resource use, the damage fossil fuels do to the environment, and the
various positive aspects that renewable resources bring.
Fossil fuels will run out in the world with time, these fuels take millions of years to form, the supply
simply cannot meet the demands of the world forever. According to the Colorado River Commission
of Nevada, the amount of petroleum left in the world is 2,686 billion barrels left, annually, the world
uses 27 billion barrels (2002). Natural gas has 14,006 billion left and the world uses 84 billion
barrels a year (The Colorado River Commission of Nevada, 2002). Coal has 1,089 billion barrels
left with 5 billion used a year (The Colorado River Commission of Nevada, 2002). This may seem
like a lot of fossil fuels, but with the population continuing to grow, this is not a very large quantity.
As stated by the Colorado River Commission of Nevada, "All together the fossil fuel resources is
estimated to be gone between 2050 and 2075" (2002). It is certain that fossil fuels are limited, and
will eventually run dry. This may not seem to

Nuclear Fission Research Paper
Nuclear Fission, the Energy of the Future
Nuclear fission and just nuclear power in general is a hot topic, with tons and tons of people
debating about about whether nuclear power is good or bad. When you discover that nuclear power
is not a horrible atomic weapon, you can really see the good in it. Nuclear fission energy is a great
alternative energy, because it is efficient and safe in all standards. Process of Nuclear Fission
According to U.S Energy Information Administration, nuclear energy comes from splitting uranium
atoms. Atoms contain protons, neutrons and electrons. The neutrons contain a lot of energy. The
energy can be released from the neutrons by breaking something called bonds. When the fission
happens a neutron that came ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, France has 80% of their entire energy production powered by Nuclear power. Nuclear
power also powers 20% of America, if it can power that much, it could power the whole U.S.A.
Nuclear energy is also a good choice because, it can run in any weather, even in droughts, night
time, and when it is not windy, unlike wind, hydro, and solar power, as said in www.conserve–
energy–future.com. Nuclear power is also very safe in most cases, and can still be efficient, unlike
fossil fuels. First off, (As said in www.vittana.org) Nuclear workers have safer careers than most
physical labor jobs. Nuclear energy also is environmental friendly, with being a lot more cleaner
than any fossil fuels, who put greenhouse gases into environment.
Even though accidents have occured, they are VERY rare, and nature could still recover. Nuclear
energy is also safe in environmental cases, (As said in the same article as before from
www.ic.galegroup.com) with low pollution and while being the source of 70% of the U.S's clean
energy

NBC Nightly News Report
According to an NBC Nightly News report (2011) on a Monday afternoon of April 5, 2010 a
massive sound of underground explosions burst through the Upper Big Branch Mine located in
southern West Virginia killing twenty–nine miners. This was reported to be one of the worst
disasters in the United States since 1970. Based on the information reported on the NBC Nightly
News (2011), the owners of Massey Energy along with the Health and Safety Administration fail the
responsibility to ensure the safety conditions of the mine workers. With the intentions to mislead
inspectors, the mine owners' of Massey Energy and Upper Big Branch Mine deliberately kept two
separate books on the safety conditions of the company. In one of the books, the owners of Massey
Energy Upper Big Branch Mine reported that there were hazardous conditions in the company.
However, the company kept this book for themselves and another book was given to federal
inspectors with misleading information stating that there were no hazardous conditions within the
coal mine. Therefore, the mine owners' business strategy was to keep the coal production running
smoothly and avoid being investigated by inspectors. The culture of the organization influenced the
mine owner to keep the company records in two separate books. The purpose for this unethical
behavior was to misled federal inspectors. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were responsible for identifying and documenting any potential violation in the mine and
ensuring that the managers were in compliance with all the safety rules (McAteer et al., 2011,
pp.76–77). The federal Health and Safety Administration had a responsibility to protect the workers
by ensuring the safety conditions of their work

Non Renewable Energy In The United States
Energy is used in our daily lives and we all get energy from different sources. But, do you know
how much energy we use in the United States? The U.S. Energy Information Administration, or the
EIA, website stated"In the United States, British thermal units (Btu), a measure of heat energy, is
commonly used for comparing different types of energy to each other. In 2015, total U.S. primary
energy consumption was about 97.7 quadrillion (1015, or one thousand trillion) Btu." One thousand
trillion Btu is difficult to comprehend in our minds, but you can understand we use a lot of energy in
our lives. While people enjoy the world filled with energy they forget that some of the resources
used to generate this energy is harming the environment and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Non–renewable energy sources "cannot be replenished in a short period of time." (U.S. Energy
Information Administration) These non–renewable sources are harmful to the environment and if
depleted, they cannot be replenished by natural means at the same rate that it is consumed. The
process of burning fossil fuels have many harmful consequences to the environment and humans.
"Fossil–fueled power plants emit air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen
oxides, and toxic chemicals (heavy metals: mercury, chromium, and arsenic), and mobile sources,
such as fossil–fueled vehicles, emit nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter.
Exposure to these pollutants can cause heart disease, asthma, and other human health problems. In
addition, emissions from fossil fuel combustion are responsible for acid rain, which has led to the
acidification of many lakes and consequent damage to aquatic life, leaf damage in many forests, and
the production of smog in or near many urban areas. Furthermore, the burning of fossil fuels
releases carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the main greenhouse gases that cause global warming." (
"Renewable Energy", n.d.) Nuclear energy is the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion.
Nuclear power plants make "about 20% of U.S. electricity". (U.S. EIA) The problem with nuclear
energy is that it produces radioactive waste as well as electricity. " The main environmental concern
related to nuclear power is the creation of radioactive wastes such as uranium mill tailings, spent
(used) reactor fuel, and other radioactive wastes. These materials can remain radioactive and
dangerous to human health for thousands of years. Radioactive wastes are subject to special

Wind, Solar, Geothermal, Hydroelectric, And Renewable Energy
Wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric, and biomass provide so much benefit for our climate, health
and our economy. As many reliable energy's rise on demand and expense like oil, coal, natural gas
and nonrenewable fossil fuel that draw on limited resources which will eventually diminish.
Looking at all the power plants and the millions of cars that exist in the streets today and many more
technologies and industries that are polluting the air it is safe to say we may be going the wrong way
into saving the world our kids will grow into. People and many utilities need to focus on the positive
outcome of renewable energy. Like the good it brings on stable energy price, improvements on
public health as well as the prevention of global warming discharge, jobs and other economic
benefits. Cost of electric bill are one of many problems that home owners face, and Stable energy
prices is one of the ways renewable energy can provide people. Once the renewable energy
equipment/product is installed, which for sure will cost money, but think of it as an investment and
not a waste. Once installed they operate at low cost saving many people money. I can tell you a step
by step way people can install a solar power system, shown by MERTZ ESSWEIN and PATRICIA.
The cost would be, the typical home system has 6 kilowatts of generating capacity, which costs
about $21,400 to install before any financial incentives and the 30% federal tax credit. In return the
savings would be, you can

The Impact Of Hydroelectricity Production On Its Future Trend

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Stephanie Roberts

More from Stephanie Roberts (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Impact Of Hydroelectricity Production On Its Future Trend