this ppt deals about the sources, characteristics and medicinal uses of drugs containing carbohydrates - acacia gum and honey. information collected from various websites

1. Source, characteristics and medicinal
use of drugs containing
carbohydrates
By
S.Srividhya
III biochemistry

2. Carbohydrates as drugs
Enormous range of shape, orientation and composition
Mainly in the study of diabetes mellitus as complex
carbohydrate chemistry is one key in reducing the uptake of
sugar into the bloodstream
PAZ320 and oral agents or insulin - 40% reduction of post-
meal glucose

3. List of drugs from carbohydrates
Acacia
honey
Agar
Starch
pectin

4. acacia gum
Other name: Gum Arabic
Trees and shrubs.
Original source of arabinose and ribose
Gum is cultivated from wild grown plants, made free
of bark and foreign organic matter, dried under the
sun, and bleached partially.

5. Sources
Other names: Gum acacia, Gum arabic, Indian Gum.
Source: stem and branches of Acacia arabica(family
Leguminosae), Acacia nilotica, Acacia greggii, Acacia
catechu, Acacia caesia, Acacia senegal and Vachellia
(Acacia) seyal.
Place:Sudan, India, Morocco, Australia, middle east
asia and Africa (Sehal).

6. Characteristics
Consisting of the hardened sap of various species of
the acacia tree and edible
Complex mixture of glycoproteins and polysaccharides.
Properties of a glue and binder
Proportions of chemicals are unpredictable(based on the
region)
Reduces the surface tension of liquids, which leads to
increased foaming in carbonated beverages.

7. slows the rate of absorption of some drugs,
including amoxyxillin, from the gut.
Colour: Tears are cream-brown to red in colour, while powder is
light brown in colour
Odour: odourless
Taste: Bland and mucilaginous
Size and Shape: Irregular brown tears of varying size

9. Medicinal uses
Treating haemorrhoids.
Reduce irritation and inflammation.
Wounds heal(alkaloids, glycosides, and
flavonoids)
Heal ulcers.
Dental care.

10. 15 grams of acacia gum (liquid form) every day -
manage the concentration of plasma cholesterols
in blood
Reducing overall body fat
Blood clot promotor
Soothes coughs and sore throats

11. Honey
 Classified by the floral source of the nectar (blended after collection).

12. Nectar to honey
 visiting flowers.
 collect nectar from the blossom by sucking it out with their tongues.
 They store in their honey stomach, which is different from their food stomach.
 After full load, they fly back to the hive to give to other worker bees mouth
 who chew it for about half an hour. It's passed from bee to bee, until it gradually turns into honey.
 Store on comb
 Wet honey - fan it with wings to dry out and become more sticky.
 Sealed with wax
 It takes at least eight bees all their life to make one single teaspoonful.

13. Sources
Source: secretion deposited in honey comb by the bee Apis
mellifera and other species of Apis belongs to the family
Apidae
Places: West Indies, California, Chile, Africa, Australia, and New
Zealand and also in India.
Mostly worldwide except artic and Antarctic

14. Characteristics
 Chemical constituents: Pentosan, Aldobionic acid
 Honey gets its sweetness from the monosaccharide
fructose and glucose.
 Same relative sweetness as granulated sugar.
 Microorganisms do not grow in honey, so sealed honey does not spoil,
even after thousands of years.
 Honey is viscid, translucent, and white to pale yellow or yellow brown-
coloured liquid.
 The odour and taste depend on the flowers from which nectar is sucked.

15. Chemical constituents:
(i) Mixture of dextrose and laevulose (70-80%) and water (14-
20%). contains sucrose (1.2-4.5),
(ii) Dextrin (0.06-1.25%), volatile oil, pollen grains enzymes
(iii) Vitamins
(iv) Amino acids
(v) Proteins
(vi) Colouring matters, etc.

16. Medicinal uses

17. Medicinal uses
Antioxidants
Ant diabetic
Lower Blood Pressure
 Reduces total and LDL cholesterol and raises HDL
Suppress Coughs
High in Calories and Sugar

18. References
 https://www.dddmag.com/article/2013/10/carbohydrate-based-drugs-unique-tool-healthcare
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gum_arabic
 https://www.slideshare.net/Nayakantibhasker/carbohydrates-60325583
 http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ijar.2012.406.413
 https://www.healthline.com/health/7-uses-for-acacia#potential-risks
 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/aug/10/how-bees-make-honey-ask-a-grown-up
 http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/biology/carbohydrates/honey-sources-preparation-and-
uses/49548
 https://www.slideshare.net/lovelysherly/sherly-copy