this ppt is the compilation of various data collected from net

1. Hydrolysis
BY
S.SRIVIDHYA
III BIOCHEMISTRY

2. Introduction
Enzymatic conversion of one chemical
compound to another is called drug
metabolism
Aim :Make drug water soluble
Mostly in liver (importance)

4. Phases of drug metabolism
Phase I:
Non-synthetic reactions such as cleavage
e.g. oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis
Formation or modification of a function
group.
More hydrophilic molecules are produces

5. Phase II
Synthetic reactions such as
conjugation with an endogenous
substance
e.g. sulfate, glycine, glucuronic
acid
More lipophobic molecules are
produced

8. Hydrolysis
 Introduce water molecule
 For phase II
 Esters,amides,hydrazides and carbamates are hydrolysed
 Opposite to oxidation and reduction
 Takes a water molecule to cleave the drug
 Enzymes also found in kidney,intestine,plasma,etc
 Drugs : cholinesters,procaine,procainamide.

9. Atropine = tropine + tropic acid
Cocaine = benzoic acid + ecgonine
methyl ester.
 Procaine = p-amino acid (PABA) + diethyl
amino ethanol.
Acetylcholine = acetic acid + choline.

10.  Reaction
R-COO-R' + H2O ⇒ R-COOH + R'-OH
R-CO-NH-R' + H2O ⇒ R-COOH + R'-NH2
 Examples:
cocaine to benzoylecognine
ecognine methyl ester

11. Hydrolysis of procaine

16. References
 https://youtu.be/ztsBn8gsfHw
 https://www.news-medical.net/amp/health/Drug-Metabolism.aspx
 https://www.slideshare.net/suniu/drug-metabolism-16091624
 https://www.unaab.edu.ng/attachments/484_PRINCIPLES%20OF%20DRU
G%20METABOLISM%201Dr%20Saba.pdf