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ASSIGNMENT
DRIVE WINTER 2016
PROGRAM MCA(REVISED FALL 2007)
SEMESTER 6
SUBJECT CODE & NAME MC0086- DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
BK ID B1007
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60
Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be
approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.
Question. 1. Write short notes on:
a) Imaging in the Microwave Band
Answer:Microwave imaging is a science which has been evolved from older detecting/locating
techniques (e.g., radar) in order to evaluate hidden or embedded objects in a structure (or
media)usingelectromagnetic(EM) wavesinmicrowave regime (i.e., ~300 MHz-300 GHz). Microwave
imaging techniques can be classified as either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative imaging
techniques (are also known as inverse
b) Imaging in the Radio Band
Answer:The production of a visible image of an object by means of radio waves. It is used to study
the internal structure of objects that are opaque to waves in the optical region and to observe
objectsthatare locatedinan opticallyopaque medium. Since the radio waves usually employed in
radio imaging are in the millimeter and
Question. 2. Explain the properties and uses of electromagnetic
spectrum.

2. Answer:The electromagnetic spectrum is the collective term for all known frequencies and their
linked wavelengths of the known photons ( electromagnetic radiation ). The "electromagnetic
spectrum" of an object has a different meaning, and is instead the characteristic distribution of
electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object.
The electromagnetic spectrum extends from
Question. 3. Differentiate between Monochromatic photography
and Color photography
Answer:
Colorfilmcontainsseveral layers,eachsensitive toadifferentcolorof light(red,green,blue). When
exposedtolightanddeveloped,these producemagenta,cyanandyellow colorsinthe negative.The
printingprocessworksin a similar way. This is similar to the way digital sensors work, in that there
are filters to exclude all but one color of light, so
Question. 4. Define and explain Dilation and Erosion concept.
Answer:Morphology is a broad set of image processing operations that process images based on
shapes.Morphological operationsapplyastructuringelementtoan input image, creating an output
image of the same size.Ina morphological operation,the value of each pixel in the output image is
basedon a comparisonof the correspondingpixel inthe inputimage withitsneighbors. By choosing
the size and shape of the neighborhood, you can construct a morphological operation that is
sensitive to specific shapes in the input image
Question. 5. What is mean by Image Feature Evaluation? Which are
the two quantitative approaches used for the evaluation of image
features?
Answer:Image Feature EvaluationandContents-basedImage Retrieval Incontrastwithotherstudies
elsewhere inthe literature, here we compare the performance of local descriptors for purposes of
contents-based image retrieval. Rather than evaluating the capabilities of the image features to
describe the scene subject to affine transformations, we focus on the adequacy of the local
descriptors for contentsbased image retrieval
Question. 6. Explain about the Region Splitting and merging with
example.
Answer:Splitting and merging attempts to divide an image into uniform regions. The basic
representational structure ispyramidal,i.e.asquare regionof size m by m at one level of a pyramid

3. has 4 sub-regionsof size by belowitinthe pyramid.Usually the algorithm starts from the initial
assumptionthatthe entire image isasingle region,thencomputesthe homogeneitycriterion to see
if it isTRUE. If FALSE, thenthe square regionissplitintothe foursmallerregions.Thisprocessisthen
repeated on each of the sub-regions until no further splitting is necessary. These small square
regions are then merged if they are similar to give larger irregular regions. The problem (at least
from a programming point of view) is that any two Dear students get fully solved
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