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ASSIGNMENT
PROGRAM BSc IT
SEMESTER SECOND
SUBJECT CODE & NAME BT0070, Operating Systems
CREDIT 4
BK ID B0954
MAX.MARKS 60
Q. No.1 List the approaches to design operating system structures. Explain any two of them. 2+8=10
Answer:
Listing of approaches to design operating system structures:
 Layered approach
 The kernel based approach
 The virtual machine approach
 Layered approach
 Dijkstra suggested the layered approach to lessen the design and implementation complexities
of an operating system. The layered

2. 2 Write short notes on:
1. Process Creation
2. Terminating Process 5+5= 10
Answer:
1. Process Creation
During the course of execution, a process may create several new proceses using a create-process
system call. The creating process is called a parent process and the new processes are called the children
of that process. Each of these new processes may in turn create other processes, forming a tree of
processes.
Process Termination
A process terminates when it finishes executing its last statement and asks the operating system to
delete it by using the exit system call. At that time, the process should return the data (output) ti its
parent process via the wait system call. All the resources of the process, including physical and virtual
memory, open files, and I/O buffers, are deallocated by the operating system.
Only a parent process can cause
3 Is it possible to check the condition of mutual exclusion through hardware assistance? If yes, how?
10
Answer: Checking for mutual exclusion is also possible through hardware. Special instructions called
Test and Set Lock (TSL) is used for the purpose. An important feature is that the set of instructions used
for this purpose is indivisible, that is, they cannot be interrupted during execution. The instruction has
the format TSL ACC, IND where ACC is an accumulator register and IND is a memory location used as a
flag. Whenever the instruction is
Q4

3. 1. Given a total of 5 units of resource type 1 and 4 units of resource type 2, tell whether the following
system is in a safe or unsafe state. Show your work.
Type 1 Type 2
Process Used Max Used Max
P1 1 2 1 3
P2 1 3 1 2
P3 2 4 1 4
5. What is the concept of virtual memory? Why virtual memory is needed? 3+7= 10
Answer: Virtual memory is a technique that allows execution of processes that may not be entirely in
memory. In addition, virtual memory allows mapping of a large virtual address space onto a smaller
physical memory. It also raises the degree of multi-programming and increases CPU utilization. Because
of the above features, users are freed from worrying about memory requirements and availability.
Need for Virtual Memory Technique
Every process needs to be loaded into
6 What do you mean by Global OS? State the concept of migration and resource allocation
in Global OS.
4+6= 10
Answer: Global Operating System (GOS)
The NOS is responsible for activities such as memory and process management on the server. The NOS
converts a request into a task, schedules and executes it. Memory and processing power in all other
computers in the network is not tapped to the maximum by a NOS. This is exactly what the GOS
attempts to do. It has a list of processes executing on different machines and the resources needed by
each one of them. Relatively free
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