This document provides information on growing native plants from seed, including which plants are suitable for different times of the year. It explains the benefits of native plants and describes various plant habitats in the region. The document also offers guidance on harvesting, cleaning, stratifying, sowing and caring for seeds. Images show examples of native plants that can be propagated from seed in early spring through fall. Sources for learning about native plants and obtaining seeds are listed at the end.
germination of seed.
the slides are prepared to provide a short but valuable concept about seed germination and different conditions associated with it.
Seed is an important part of a flowering plant. They give rise to a new plant. They may be of different shapes, colours and sizes. They may be round, wrinkled, winged or hairy. They are in a dormant condition until they receive adequate sunlight, water, and soil. The growth of the plant from a seed is known as germination.
germination of seed.
the slides are prepared to provide a short but valuable concept about seed germination and different conditions associated with it.
Seed is an important part of a flowering plant. They give rise to a new plant. They may be of different shapes, colours and sizes. They may be round, wrinkled, winged or hairy. They are in a dormant condition until they receive adequate sunlight, water, and soil. The growth of the plant from a seed is known as germination.
Plants make seeds that can grow into new plants, but if the seeds just fall to the ground under the parent plant, they might not get enough sun, water or nutrients from the soil. Because plants cannot walk around and take their seeds to other places, they have developed other methods to disperse (move) their seeds. The most common methods are wind, water, animals, explosion and fire.
Seeding Plants for the School Garden ~ MA Ag in Classroom
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Seed propagation, Pollination and fertilization, Seed formation and development, Seed Germination and its process, factors affecting seed germination, Dormancy and its types, Methods to overcome it.
Plants make seeds that can grow into new plants, but if the seeds just fall to the ground under the parent plant, they might not get enough sun, water or nutrients from the soil. Because plants cannot walk around and take their seeds to other places, they have developed other methods to disperse (move) their seeds. The most common methods are wind, water, animals, explosion and fire.
Seeding Plants for the School Garden ~ MA Ag in Classroom
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Seed propagation, Pollination and fertilization, Seed formation and development, Seed Germination and its process, factors affecting seed germination, Dormancy and its types, Methods to overcome it.
A Brief Guide to Six Native Plants of North CarolinaMabel_Berry
North Carolina is home to an array of native plants that are well-suited to the state's climate and soils, requiring relatively little upkeep once they're planted at appropriate sites. This is because these plants have adapted to local environmental conditions. They require less fertilizer, water, pesticide, and overall maintenance compared to exotic species.
In the midst of the toxic atmosphere of Watts, seeds are sprouting, organic gardens are thriving, young people are discovering a vocation, and healthy, whole foods are becoming part of everyday life.
Good Food Helps your Children Excel in SchoolSeeds
Good Food = Academic Success for your Children~
INCLUDES LINKS TO:
Over 120 books and web sites on Education, Children's Health and Academic Success, Organic Food Recipes, Organic Non-Sugar Sweeteners, School Lunches ~ Over 300 books on Organic Gardening and Heirloom Gardening ~ Over 200 books on Sustainable Technology and Alternative Housing ~ Over 30 books on Renewable Energy ~ Many Free PDF files on Rain Gardens, Roof Gardens, Aeroponic Gardening, Rainwater Harvesting, Waterwise Gardening, Green Eco Churches, Vegetable Oil Cars, Organic Gardening Guides, Ram Pumps, Companion Planting, Garden Therapy Manuals, Faith Healing
Edible Schoolyards = Academic Success & Gardening with ChildrenSeeds
Organic Edible Schoolyards = Academic Success + Healthy Students ~
INCLUDES LINKS TO:
Over 80 books and web sites dealing with Gardening with Children - Over 300 books on Organic Gardening - Over 200 books on Sustainable Technology - Over 50 books on Renewable Energy - Many Free PDF files on Rain Gardens, Roof Gardens, Aeroponic Gardening, Rainwater Harvesting, Waterwise Gardening, Green Eco Churches, Vegetable Oil Cars, Organic Gardening Guides, Ram Pumps, Companion Planting, 7 - Garden Therapy Manuals
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Horseback Riding Therapy, Natural Horse Care, Natural Pet Food, Natural Pet Care
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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Growing Native Plants From Seed - Cornell University, New York
1. Growing Native Plants
From Seed
Cornell Plantations
and the
Finger Lakes Native Plant Society
2. What IS a native plant?
• A plant that grows in the same habitat in
which it originated.
• Plants can be native to a continent, state,
or region.
3. Why plant native plants?
• Well adapted to local habitats and conditions
– Can be easy to maintain if planted in appropriate
setting
• Attractive
– Diverse forms and colors
• Wildflowers, shrubs, vines, trees, ferns, mosses
• Manage biodiversity
4. Plant Habitats aka
Vegetation of the Cayuga Lake Basin
( Mohler, Marks and Gardescu 2006 “Guide to Plant Communities
of the Central Finger Lakes Region”)
Dry Uplands: e.g., Oak Forest
Moist Uplands: e.g., Hemlock-Beech-Birch Forest
Floodplain Forest: e.g., Sycamore-Cottonwood Forest
Swamp Forests: e.g., Red/silver Maple Swamp
Wetlands: e.g., Cattail wetlands, Rich Fens
Bogs: e.g., Leatherleaf Bog
Old Fields
Unique habitats: e.g., Lake Cliffs
5. Harvest
seeds
Clean and
store
Sow and
stratify
Pot up or
transplant out
Ensure heat
and light
6. Harvest seeds when ripe
• look 4-6 weeks after peak bloom
• how do I know if they are ripe?
Capture seeds
Label
• name
• place
• date
7. Cautions and Exceptions
• Harvest only with permission
• Take only 10% from a healthy population
• Some seeds are harvested slightly green
– Trillium
– small tree/shrub fruits
• Moist seeds require special treatment
– harvest in plastic bag and keep moist
8. Cleaning and Storage of Dry Seeds
• Dry seeds in paper bags
>5 days
• Find seeds in bottom of
bag or in seed head
• Separate seeds from chaff
• Use regular household
items for screening
– colanders and
strainers
9. Cleaning and Storage of Dry Seeds
• Put seeds in
containers
– jars, cans,
paper
envelopes
• Store on shelf
or in fridge
10. Cleaning & Storage of Moist Seeds
(berries and most spring ephemerals)
• Remove fleshy covering or pods ASAP
– soak berries
• Put in plastic bags or jars with moist medium
• Keep warm or refrigerate
– spring ephemerals are kept warm for 30-90
days
12. Seed Stratification
Stratification mimics the natural temperature
cycle of warm & cold, moist conditions.
• Most native plant seeds require cold/moist followed by warming
(CW)
– “Cold” = ~40º “Warm” = ~65-70º (room temp)
– Some grasses (warm season) require 75-80º
• Seeds that ripen in early summer need warm, then cold, & back
to warm (WCW).
• Some native plant seeds require multiple cycles
13. Seed Sowing
• Use trays, flats, or pots that are ~ 3-4″ deep
• Moisten mix
• Spread potting mix evenly and tamp to ½ ″ below rim
14. Seed Sowing, cont.
• Spread seeds evenly over top of flat and cover lightly or
leave open
– large seeds - press in to depth of seed size
– seeds that require light – no cover or cover with small
amount of sand.
• Water in & cover with plastic bag to keep moist
• Place in fridge, cold frame or shelf (but not in sun)
15. Add Light and Heat
• After cold/moist treatment is finished
• Put flats in direct sunlight or under lights
– 16 hours, 2-3″ from light
– Gro-lights or 1 warm & 1 cool fluorescent OK
– leave plastic bag partly open or perforate
• Keep warm and moist
– 70º is best for germination
– not too wet or too dry
• Slowly open plastic bag after germination to acclimate
• Dilute fertilizer about 4 weeks after germination
– no fertilizer for spring ephemerals
16. Pot Up or Transplant Out
Which one depends on plant and your time frame
• Look at size of plant and root growth
– Plants need transplanting or potting up if they are too
big or if roots are growing out of flat
• Wait to transplant
– if they are tiny
– if they are slow to germinate
– if they are developing roots and not shoots
• Examples: Smilacina, Actaea, Arisaema, Trillium,
Lilium
17. Cultural Conditions
• Sun, Shade
• Wet, Dry
• Soil Type
– Acid, Basic (limey)
– Drainage
20. Sanguinaria canadensis, Bloodroot
Grows in shade or part sun, in moist to dry soil.
Prefers alkaline soils. Height 6”.
Photo Paul Schmitt
Early April
24. Late April
Caltha palustris, Marsh Marigold grows in moist to wet
soil. It likes wet feet; do not allow it to dry out. Ht. 2’.
25. Late April
Trillium
grandiflorum,
Large Flowered
Trillium grows
best in part to
full shade in a
moist
woodland
setting.
26. Late April
Mertensia virginica, Virginia Blue Bells naturally grow on
shady stream banks. They grow well in shade or part
sun. Height ~ 18”.
27. Late April to May
Geranium
maculatum,
Wild Geranium
Grow in part
sun or full
shade.
Height 2’.
28. Early May
Aquilegia
canadensis,
Wild Columbine
is easy to grow
in full sun or
shade and moist
or dry soil. The
height (18-36”)
depends on the
amount of light
and moisture.
32. Late May
Iris versicolor
Blue Flag Iris
grows in full sun
to part shade in
moist to medium
soil. It flowers
best in part to full
sun. Height 2½’.
33. Late May
Polygonatum biflorum var.
commutatum, Great Solomon’s Seal
A Non-native that grows well in the
garden with protection from deer.
Height 2-3’. This is a large variety of
P. biflorum that is sold in nurseries
and planted in the WFG.
Our locally native Polygonatum
species are shorter in stature.
Polygonatum pubescens has downy
hairs covering the underside of the
leaf. It occurs naturally in the WFG
on the steep woodland slopes.
Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum
Leaves have smooth or glabrous
undersides. It does not occur in the
WFG, but is found locally in nearby
natural areas.
Non-native
Polygonatum pubescens in the WFG
Figuring out the
Solomon’s Seal
34. June
Penstemon
hirsutus,
Hairy Beardtongue
grows in full sun or
part shade in well-drained
soil or
gravel. Naturally a
west facing cliff
dweller, but it
adapts well to the
garden if given a
sunny spot and
space. Ht. 1-3 ft.
35. Mid-June
Sambucus
canadensis,
American
Elderberry
This fast growing
large multi-stemmed,
shrub
is an excellent
wildlife habitat
plant.
Height 7-15’.
36. June
Asclepias
tuberosa,
Butterfly Weed
is easy to grow in
full sun and well-drained
sand,
gravel, or good
garden soil.
Height: ~1-2.5 ‘.
38. Mid-July
Monarda
fistulosa,
Wild
Bergamot or
Lavender Bee
Balm grows
best in dry,
well-drained
sites in full
sun to part
shade.
Ht. 1-4 ft.
39. Late July
Lobelia siphilitica,
Great Blue Lobelia
Is a biennial that
grows in sun or
shade and moist to
dry soil, but is best
in moist soils.
Height 18-36”.
40. Mid-July
Lobelia cardinalis, Cardinal Flower grows in sun or
shade and moist to dry soil, but is best in evenly
moist soils and full sun. Height 2-4’.
41. Mid-June
Rubus odoratus, Purple
Flowering Raspberry is a
small shrub with edible
fruits and beautiful
flowers that makes
excellent ‘wildlife
habitat’. It prefers a
rocky, well drained,
partly sunny site. Mature
height 6’ x 6’.
42. Late June
Asclepias
incarnata, Swamp
Milkweed grows
well in the garden.
It prefers moist to
wet soil in sun, but
tolerates part
shade. Height 2 -
5’, depending on
light and moisture.
Host plant for the
Monarch butterfly
caterpillar. Nectar
plant for other
butterflies.
43. Mid-July
Monarda didyma, Bee Balm is a good tea plant
due to its fragrant oils of bergamot. Grow in
moist soils, in sun or shade. Height 3-4’.
44. Chelone glabra, White Turtle
Head Grow in full sun or part
shade in moist to wet soil.
Height 2-3’.
Chelone lyonii,
Pink Turtle Head
is native father south, but
grows in gardens in
the Finger Lakes
Late- August
45. Late- August
Clematis
virginiana
Virgin’s bower
Sun to part
shade, moist
Vining-- use
as screen or
ground cover
47. September
Aster novae-angliae,
New England Aster An
easy to grow violet-blue,
purple, or pink
aster with a large
inflorescence. Grows
best in moist soil in
full sun, but will
tolerate part shade
and drier sites. A tall
plant; to keep short
cut back by half mid-season.
Height 3-5’.
49. Elymus hystrix,
Bottlebrush grass
grows in part shade to
sun and dry to moist
soil. Height 18-30”.
Fall
Cool Season Grasses
Elymus canadensis,
Canadian Wildrye has
bluish foliage & fruit.
Grow in sun and dry
soil. Height 2 to 4’.
50. FALL
Solidago species
Solidago juncea
Early Goldenrod
Solidago bicolor
Silver rod
Solidago nemoralis
Gray Goldenrod
Solidago flexicaulis
Zig-zag Goldenrod
Solidago caesia
Wreath Goldenrod
Solidago sempervirens
Seaside Goldenrod
54. Lindera benzoin, Spice bush
is a slow growing, medium sized
shrub. It grows best in alkaline
soil in a moist to dry site. Mature
height 8-10’.
2006 Lawrence Kelly
55. Learn Native Plants and Habitats
• FLNPS : Walks, Talks and People
• Petersons: A Field Guide to Wildflowers of the
Northeast and North Central North America
• Cornell Plantations Mundy Wildflower Garden
• Finger Lakes Land Trust walks
• Lime Hollow Nature Center
56. Sources
• Plant Sale in May
• October: FLNPS seed collecting
• December: FLNPS Seed Exchange
• Local nurseries:
– Plantsmen www.plantsmen.com
– White Oak Nursery www.whiteoaknursery.biz
• Remember: Choose native species that have
been propagated from seed. Do not dig plants
from the wild!
57. Acknowledgements
Many thanks to those who have contributed their
photographs and their time.
Drew Noden Susanne Lorbeer
Irene Lekstutis Jesse Hoffman
Paul Schmitt Ann Kelly
Robert Wesley Rosemarie Parker
Melanie Uhler Krissy Faust
Kevin Nixon Meredith Cosgrove
Anna Stalter Bill Hecht