ZINC database
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The ZINC database was developed by John Irwin as a curated collection of commercially available small molecules for virtual screening, containing data on commercially available and annotated small molecules with their 3D structures. Investigators in pharmaceutical companies, biotech companies, and research universities use the ZINC database for virtual screening as it aims to represent molecules in their biologically relevant 3D form, and is continuously updated while also releasing static subsets quarterly.
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Bacteria are microscopic, prokaryotic organisms that lack nuclei in their cells. They vary in size from 0.2-2 micrometers in diameter and 0.5-5 micrometers in length, though some large bacteria can be seen with the naked eye. Bacteria come in four basic shapes - bacillus (rod-like), coccus (spherical or ovoid), vibrio (comma-shaped), and spirilla (spiral or helical). They can exist as single cells or in various arrangements like chains or clusters depending on how they divide and remain attached after division. Their small size gives bacteria a large surface area to volume ratio, allowing for rapid nutrient absorption and waste removal.
Structure of bacterial cell
Bacteria are microscopic, prokaryotic organisms that lack nuclei in their cells. They vary in size from 0.2-2 micrometers in diameter and 0.5-5 micrometers in length, though some large bacteria can be seen with the naked eye. Bacteria come in four basic shapes - bacillus (rod-like), coccus (spherical or ovoid), vibrio (comma-shaped), and spirilla (spiral or helical). They can exist as single cells or in various arrangements like chains or clusters depending on how they divide and remain attached after division. Their small size gives bacteria a large surface area to volume ratio, allowing for rapid nutrient absorption and waste removal.
Prokayotes
This document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It notes that prokaryotes like bacteria and archaea lack complex internal structures like membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have structures like the nucleus enclosed in membranes. A key difference is that prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes while eukaryotes have 80S ribosomes in the cytoplasm and 70S in organelles. The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts were originally prokaryotic cells that lived symbiotically inside eukaryotic cells and became permanent organelles.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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