The document discusses the concept of achieving zero defects in manufacturing. It explains that Philip Crosby advocated for a zero defects performance standard rather than Acceptable Quality Level (AQL), as AQL provides no motivation for continuous improvement. Achieving zero defects requires clear vision and mission, a quality management system, proper work organization, strong customer-supplier relationships, and employee commitment. The most important requirement is the willpower and commitment of all employees to practice quality. Quality fundamentally depends on upholding important values like commitment to practicing quality.

2.  designed to promote a disposition toward
perfection in performance among employees, with a
system of rewards for excellence.
 Zero defects is a standard

3. Performance standard should be zero defect
and not Acceptable Quality Level (AQL)
Philip Crosby’s 3rd absolute of quality
management is:
“The performance standard must be zero
defects, not that close enough”

4. Crosby rightly criticizes this approach.
If we adopt AQL:
• there is no motivation for the supplier to
bring the defects down
• quality will never improve
• continuous improvement is impossible

5.  is a popular term amongst inspectors of
manufactured products or materials.
In simple terms, assume that AQL is specified as
1 per cent.
In these case then if a lot contains less than 1%
defects, the customer will accept the entire lot
of items.
If the defects are more than 1%, then the entire
lot will be rejected and returned to the supplier.

7. Achieving Zero Defect is certainly
possible. In a simple way it requires
managing the organization with:
 clear vision
 mission
 quality management system
 proper system for organizing work
operations
 perfect customer-supplier relationship
 a good harmony in the organization

9. The most important requirement for
achieving zero defects:
-The will power of all the employees in the
organization
- every employee should be committed
- it is important that the work is divided
- properly organized
- proper system for checking is in place

11. Athreya confirms,
“Quality is even more
fundamentally dependent
on values. Quality
therefore depends on the
importance the employee
attaches for practicing it”.

12. Athreya further elaborates that:
Behavioral science recognizing that it is
necessary not only to teach the head with
knowledge and skills; and the heart with
attitudinal motivation; but also the
soul, with values, beliefs and commitments.
Therefore, values, belief and commitment
are required for zero defects to happen.