The document summarizes a report that found Philip Morris International's "Be Marlboro" global marketing campaign for Marlboro cigarettes to be targeting teenagers. It details how the campaign uses youth-oriented images and themes, such as featuring young, attractive models partying and traveling, to appeal to teens. It also discusses how a German court banned the advertisements, finding they encouraged teens aged 14 and up to smoke. However, PMI continues the campaign aggressively worldwide, including in countries with high smoking rates. The report calls on PMI to end the campaign and for governments to ban all tobacco advertising to protect youth.
This document provides background information on Marlboro cigarettes and its manufacturer Philip Morris USA (PM). It discusses how Marlboro transitioned from being a woman's cigarette in the 1920s to becoming the top selling cigarette brand in the US by the 1980s through associating the brand with masculinity and the cowboy image. The document also summarizes PM's marketing strategies for Marlboro from the 1950s to 2005, which evolved from TV and magazine ads to new age tactics like events, bars, websites and direct mail promotions after advertising restrictions in the late 1990s. It provides context on the tobacco industry, regulations, and PM's position as the leading cigarette company in the US.
Philip Morris is a leading international tobacco company known for unethical marketing practices like targeting youth and downplaying health risks. Over the years, governments imposed restrictions on tobacco advertising and the companies engaged in lobbying. While Philip Morris acknowledges some responsibility, critics argue the company prioritizes profits over public health. Recommendations include ensuring marketing only reaches legal adults and increasing corporate social responsibility and transparency.
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a deeper understanding of Philip Morris‘ strategic efforts behind building Marlboro into a successful global brand. Key strategic decisions from the past as well as characteristics of the current global brand strategy are highlighted in this context.
Philip Morris is a tobacco company established in 1847 in London. It appointed as tobacconist for King Edward VII in 1901. In 1985, Philip Morris restructured with a holding company called Altria Group. Their mission is to responsibly manufacture and market tobacco brands to adult consumers in a financially disciplined way. Some of their top cigarette brands include Marlboro, Newport, and Camel. They face challenges from government regulations, public opinion, and declining market share. Moving forward, they focus on charitable giving, smoking cessation programs, and supporting government regulations.
Marlboro has built strong brand equity over decades through consistent marketing strategies. It established a masculine image through iconic cowboy ads in the 1950s-1970s that resonated with customers. While advertising is now restricted, Marlboro relies on in-store promotions and loyalty programs. Its target market is adult smokers, with mid-priced cigarettes positioned as premium through the rugged Marlboro Man personality. Experts suggest maintaining this strategy with potential new premium and low-cost lines, but avoiding brand dilution through extensions beyond tobacco.
Marlboro began in 1955 when Philip Morris relaunched the brand with advertising help from Leo Burnett. The Marlboro Man campaign carefully constructed the masculine image of the silent cowboy to appeal to white working class men. However, the campaign did not appeal to African Americans due to social disconnects at the time. Marlboro later changed its campaigns and products to target the African American community as well.
An Analysis of online conversations around some of the products of brand Philip Morris. The results show how their consumers perceive the different aspects of their product.
Well Malboro is one of the brand across the Globe which is covered in every subject as a case study. From the selection of logo, USP, tagline & how carefully the brand has expanded across the world with ease in such competitive market.
This document provides background information on Marlboro cigarettes and its manufacturer Philip Morris USA (PM). It discusses how Marlboro transitioned from being a woman's cigarette in the 1920s to becoming the top selling cigarette brand in the US by the 1980s through associating the brand with masculinity and the cowboy image. The document also summarizes PM's marketing strategies for Marlboro from the 1950s to 2005, which evolved from TV and magazine ads to new age tactics like events, bars, websites and direct mail promotions after advertising restrictions in the late 1990s. It provides context on the tobacco industry, regulations, and PM's position as the leading cigarette company in the US.
Philip Morris is a leading international tobacco company known for unethical marketing practices like targeting youth and downplaying health risks. Over the years, governments imposed restrictions on tobacco advertising and the companies engaged in lobbying. While Philip Morris acknowledges some responsibility, critics argue the company prioritizes profits over public health. Recommendations include ensuring marketing only reaches legal adults and increasing corporate social responsibility and transparency.
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a deeper understanding of Philip Morris‘ strategic efforts behind building Marlboro into a successful global brand. Key strategic decisions from the past as well as characteristics of the current global brand strategy are highlighted in this context.
Philip Morris is a tobacco company established in 1847 in London. It appointed as tobacconist for King Edward VII in 1901. In 1985, Philip Morris restructured with a holding company called Altria Group. Their mission is to responsibly manufacture and market tobacco brands to adult consumers in a financially disciplined way. Some of their top cigarette brands include Marlboro, Newport, and Camel. They face challenges from government regulations, public opinion, and declining market share. Moving forward, they focus on charitable giving, smoking cessation programs, and supporting government regulations.
Marlboro has built strong brand equity over decades through consistent marketing strategies. It established a masculine image through iconic cowboy ads in the 1950s-1970s that resonated with customers. While advertising is now restricted, Marlboro relies on in-store promotions and loyalty programs. Its target market is adult smokers, with mid-priced cigarettes positioned as premium through the rugged Marlboro Man personality. Experts suggest maintaining this strategy with potential new premium and low-cost lines, but avoiding brand dilution through extensions beyond tobacco.
Marlboro began in 1955 when Philip Morris relaunched the brand with advertising help from Leo Burnett. The Marlboro Man campaign carefully constructed the masculine image of the silent cowboy to appeal to white working class men. However, the campaign did not appeal to African Americans due to social disconnects at the time. Marlboro later changed its campaigns and products to target the African American community as well.
An Analysis of online conversations around some of the products of brand Philip Morris. The results show how their consumers perceive the different aspects of their product.
Well Malboro is one of the brand across the Globe which is covered in every subject as a case study. From the selection of logo, USP, tagline & how carefully the brand has expanded across the world with ease in such competitive market.
Phillip Morris cut the price of Marlboro cigarettes by 20%, causing its stock to drop 23% as investors saw it as an admission of defeat. However, it helped Marlboro gain market share within 9 months as the lower price brought it back into consumers' acceptable price range. Strong brands can command a premium if the value matches the price, but frequent price hikes without increased value risks losing customers. Value-based pricing balancing product, cost and price is key to long-term brand success.
Marlboro is a cigarette brand owned by Philip Morris USA that was first introduced in 1902. It is one of the most popular cigarette brands on the market today. Marlboro targets adult smokers, especially men, and positions itself as a high-quality yet reasonably-priced product. It faces health concerns and regulations but maintains its market share through extensive branding, packaging, and promotions.
This document provides information about trends in tobacco consumption and the tobacco industry. It discusses statistics showing declines in smoking rates in countries like the US and Spain due to increased regulations and public health campaigns. However, current smokers are consuming more on average. The document also includes an analysis of Marlboro's value chain, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and competitive environment. It outlines Marlboro's brand positioning, target customers, products, revenues and brand strategy focused on promoting freedom and lifestyle.
Tobacco Marketing - Types of Advertisement & Advertising ExpedituresVanguardPoint
The document discusses tobacco marketing and advertising expenditures. It notes that despite restrictions, tobacco advertising spending has increased substantially to over $13.5 billion in 2005, shifting from traditional print to promotional activities like price discounts. It also describes how tobacco companies have mastered various media over 100 years and how advertising may impact social norms and tobacco use. The document then outlines different types of direct and indirect tobacco advertising, like brand stretching into non-tobacco products to circumvent bans. It provides examples of cigarette brands expanding into items like boots, lighters, and travel to maintain branding exposure.
Branding strategy for DUNHILL cigarettesuzairyousuf
This document outlines the branding strategy for a tobacco product called "The world's finest tobacco". It establishes the brand as a luxury product made from the finest tobacco with a light taste and focused on providing the best smoking experience. The target market is younger males aged 25-38 who are upper middle class business professionals. The brand vision is to achieve global tobacco industry leadership and create shareholder value through growth, productivity, responsibility and a winning organization.
Marlboro was losing market share to cheaper discount brands in the sluggish early 1990s economy. To regain market share, Marlboro tested lowering prices by 40% in Portland, which increased their market share by 4 points. As a result, Marlboro decided to lower prices nationwide by 40-50 cents per pack. This led to a 23% drop in Philip Morris' share price and $5 billion loss in shareholder equity. However, long term the strategy worked as Marlboro was able to take out competition and continue charging a premium over average prices, growing their market share and share price by 42% over the following years. Strong brands can command premium prices but not excessive premiums.
Philip Morris launched the Marlboro brand as a women's cigarette in the 1920s. In the 1950s, after studies linked smoking to cancer, they repositioned Marlboro as a men's brand using masculine advertising. In 1993, facing economic downturn, Marlboro cut prices by 40 cents per pack. This led to a short-term stock price drop but long-term increased market share as they shifted from advertising to branding and integrating their product into an aspirational lifestyle. Today Marlboro owns 42% of the market with a 35% price premium over competitors.
Marlboro uses a variety of marketing strategies for its different cigarette products. It targets various demographic and psychographic segments, including men, women, younger adults, and regular versus non-regular smokers. Marlboro positions itself as providing good quality cigarettes at a reasonable price and uses promotions, product flavors and styles, and sponsorships to boost sales among its target audiences.
Marlboro was originally marketed as a woman's cigarette in the 1920s but was repositioned in the 1950s-1970s to target male smokers as concerns about the health risks of smoking grew. The brand hired Leo Burnett to develop a new "Marlboro Man" cowboy image promoting masculinity and independence through magazine and billboard advertisements. This successful repositioning transformed Marlboro into the top-selling cigarette brand in the U.S. by targeting men seeking a more "macho" cigarette, though the real cowboys depicted later suffered health effects from smoking.
Smoking kills. Smoking causes cancer. Marlboro was originally targeted at high class women in the early 1900s using advertisements depicting feminine imagery. In the 1950s after the health risks of smoking were discovered, Marlboro shifted to targeting men using the iconic Marlboro Man imagery depicting the rugged cowboy lifestyle to sell their cigarettes. Over the following decades, Marlboro's advertisements evolved, expanding their marketing strategies and sponsorship deals while facing increasing opposition and regulation over the health impacts of smoking.
The document summarizes the history and marketing of Marlboro cigarettes from 1902 to the 1990s. It traces how Marlboro transitioned from being a woman's cigarette marketed with images of babies and flowers to becoming the top selling cigarette in the world for men through the iconic Marlboro Man advertising campaign featuring cowboys from the 1950s onward. The success of Marlboro was due to its targeted marketing approach, standardization of campaigns, ability to tap into social trends, and balancing consistency with flexibility to adapt campaigns across cultures.
Marlboro was originally marketed to women in the 1920s but struggled in the mid-20th century as other brands grew popular. To capitalize on health concerns, Marlboro repositioned itself as a men's brand using rugged cowboy imagery. This was highly successful, growing Marlboro to the top brand by the 1960s. Following advertising bans, Marlboro turned to motorsports sponsorships to maintain its masculine brand association, becoming one of Formula 1's most important sponsors. Today Marlboro remains the world's best-selling cigarette brand despite challenges from advertising restrictions.
DECLARATION:
This presentation was prepared for educational fest purpose only.
The companies FEATURED in the presentation own their respective trademarks and I deny ANY/ALL ownership rights to Trademarks.
No copyright infringement is/was intended.
This document provides an integrated marketing communications plan for the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Quebec to reduce sugary drink consumption among teenagers. It begins with an executive summary that outlines targeting parents of children aged 5-18 with marketing. It then performs external and internal analyses, including of competitors like Coke and Red Bull. Consumer analysis finds that people want more information on health effects. The plan proposes targeting this group with advertising concepts based on visual metaphors. Advertising will occur in the Berri-UQAM metro station and Coup de Pouce magazine. Social media influencer Marilou Bourdon will promote the campaign. The budget is $120,000 CAD with evaluation planned to measure effectiveness.
Marlboro cigarettes were originally marketed to women in the 1920s as a mild, feminine brand. In the 1950s, as health concerns grew around smoking, Marlboro transitioned its marketing to target men by featuring rugged cowboy imagery known as the "Marlboro Man." This successful campaign positioned Marlboro as a masculine brand and helped skyrocket its sales. Though later banned from TV and facing health criticisms, Marlboro has remained the top cigarette brand globally through continued innovative marketing and branding.
1) Tobacco industry marketing has played a crucial role in the global spread of smoking through sophisticated strategies that target specific groups.
2) Tobacco companies develop brands targeting different consumer groups through careful manipulation of product characteristics, pricing, placement, and promotion.
3) Key target groups in the UK include young smokers starting out and seeking identity, as well as low-income loyal smokers sensitive to social stigma. Tobacco marketing strategies are highly effective at reaching and influencing these groups.
The document discusses semantic interoperability methodologies for bridging concepts between different domains. It describes challenges in computer understanding of semantics due to issues like sarcasm and subjectivity. It also outlines approaches for determining similarity between data fragments, including comparing ontologies, element names, and data types. The research aims to automatically infer mappings between document standards using an inference engine and domain-specific heuristics.
El documento describe las unidades mínimas y estándares de medida de información como el bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte y más. Explica que un bit almacena solo un 1 o 0, mientras que un byte equivale a 8 bits. Luego define cada unidad mayor como un múltiplo de 1024 de la unidad anterior, y provee ejemplos de conversiones entre unidades.
Phillip Morris cut the price of Marlboro cigarettes by 20%, causing its stock to drop 23% as investors saw it as an admission of defeat. However, it helped Marlboro gain market share within 9 months as the lower price brought it back into consumers' acceptable price range. Strong brands can command a premium if the value matches the price, but frequent price hikes without increased value risks losing customers. Value-based pricing balancing product, cost and price is key to long-term brand success.
Marlboro is a cigarette brand owned by Philip Morris USA that was first introduced in 1902. It is one of the most popular cigarette brands on the market today. Marlboro targets adult smokers, especially men, and positions itself as a high-quality yet reasonably-priced product. It faces health concerns and regulations but maintains its market share through extensive branding, packaging, and promotions.
This document provides information about trends in tobacco consumption and the tobacco industry. It discusses statistics showing declines in smoking rates in countries like the US and Spain due to increased regulations and public health campaigns. However, current smokers are consuming more on average. The document also includes an analysis of Marlboro's value chain, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and competitive environment. It outlines Marlboro's brand positioning, target customers, products, revenues and brand strategy focused on promoting freedom and lifestyle.
Tobacco Marketing - Types of Advertisement & Advertising ExpedituresVanguardPoint
The document discusses tobacco marketing and advertising expenditures. It notes that despite restrictions, tobacco advertising spending has increased substantially to over $13.5 billion in 2005, shifting from traditional print to promotional activities like price discounts. It also describes how tobacco companies have mastered various media over 100 years and how advertising may impact social norms and tobacco use. The document then outlines different types of direct and indirect tobacco advertising, like brand stretching into non-tobacco products to circumvent bans. It provides examples of cigarette brands expanding into items like boots, lighters, and travel to maintain branding exposure.
Branding strategy for DUNHILL cigarettesuzairyousuf
This document outlines the branding strategy for a tobacco product called "The world's finest tobacco". It establishes the brand as a luxury product made from the finest tobacco with a light taste and focused on providing the best smoking experience. The target market is younger males aged 25-38 who are upper middle class business professionals. The brand vision is to achieve global tobacco industry leadership and create shareholder value through growth, productivity, responsibility and a winning organization.
Marlboro was losing market share to cheaper discount brands in the sluggish early 1990s economy. To regain market share, Marlboro tested lowering prices by 40% in Portland, which increased their market share by 4 points. As a result, Marlboro decided to lower prices nationwide by 40-50 cents per pack. This led to a 23% drop in Philip Morris' share price and $5 billion loss in shareholder equity. However, long term the strategy worked as Marlboro was able to take out competition and continue charging a premium over average prices, growing their market share and share price by 42% over the following years. Strong brands can command premium prices but not excessive premiums.
Philip Morris launched the Marlboro brand as a women's cigarette in the 1920s. In the 1950s, after studies linked smoking to cancer, they repositioned Marlboro as a men's brand using masculine advertising. In 1993, facing economic downturn, Marlboro cut prices by 40 cents per pack. This led to a short-term stock price drop but long-term increased market share as they shifted from advertising to branding and integrating their product into an aspirational lifestyle. Today Marlboro owns 42% of the market with a 35% price premium over competitors.
Marlboro uses a variety of marketing strategies for its different cigarette products. It targets various demographic and psychographic segments, including men, women, younger adults, and regular versus non-regular smokers. Marlboro positions itself as providing good quality cigarettes at a reasonable price and uses promotions, product flavors and styles, and sponsorships to boost sales among its target audiences.
Marlboro was originally marketed as a woman's cigarette in the 1920s but was repositioned in the 1950s-1970s to target male smokers as concerns about the health risks of smoking grew. The brand hired Leo Burnett to develop a new "Marlboro Man" cowboy image promoting masculinity and independence through magazine and billboard advertisements. This successful repositioning transformed Marlboro into the top-selling cigarette brand in the U.S. by targeting men seeking a more "macho" cigarette, though the real cowboys depicted later suffered health effects from smoking.
Smoking kills. Smoking causes cancer. Marlboro was originally targeted at high class women in the early 1900s using advertisements depicting feminine imagery. In the 1950s after the health risks of smoking were discovered, Marlboro shifted to targeting men using the iconic Marlboro Man imagery depicting the rugged cowboy lifestyle to sell their cigarettes. Over the following decades, Marlboro's advertisements evolved, expanding their marketing strategies and sponsorship deals while facing increasing opposition and regulation over the health impacts of smoking.
The document summarizes the history and marketing of Marlboro cigarettes from 1902 to the 1990s. It traces how Marlboro transitioned from being a woman's cigarette marketed with images of babies and flowers to becoming the top selling cigarette in the world for men through the iconic Marlboro Man advertising campaign featuring cowboys from the 1950s onward. The success of Marlboro was due to its targeted marketing approach, standardization of campaigns, ability to tap into social trends, and balancing consistency with flexibility to adapt campaigns across cultures.
Marlboro was originally marketed to women in the 1920s but struggled in the mid-20th century as other brands grew popular. To capitalize on health concerns, Marlboro repositioned itself as a men's brand using rugged cowboy imagery. This was highly successful, growing Marlboro to the top brand by the 1960s. Following advertising bans, Marlboro turned to motorsports sponsorships to maintain its masculine brand association, becoming one of Formula 1's most important sponsors. Today Marlboro remains the world's best-selling cigarette brand despite challenges from advertising restrictions.
DECLARATION:
This presentation was prepared for educational fest purpose only.
The companies FEATURED in the presentation own their respective trademarks and I deny ANY/ALL ownership rights to Trademarks.
No copyright infringement is/was intended.
This document provides an integrated marketing communications plan for the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Quebec to reduce sugary drink consumption among teenagers. It begins with an executive summary that outlines targeting parents of children aged 5-18 with marketing. It then performs external and internal analyses, including of competitors like Coke and Red Bull. Consumer analysis finds that people want more information on health effects. The plan proposes targeting this group with advertising concepts based on visual metaphors. Advertising will occur in the Berri-UQAM metro station and Coup de Pouce magazine. Social media influencer Marilou Bourdon will promote the campaign. The budget is $120,000 CAD with evaluation planned to measure effectiveness.
Marlboro cigarettes were originally marketed to women in the 1920s as a mild, feminine brand. In the 1950s, as health concerns grew around smoking, Marlboro transitioned its marketing to target men by featuring rugged cowboy imagery known as the "Marlboro Man." This successful campaign positioned Marlboro as a masculine brand and helped skyrocket its sales. Though later banned from TV and facing health criticisms, Marlboro has remained the top cigarette brand globally through continued innovative marketing and branding.
1) Tobacco industry marketing has played a crucial role in the global spread of smoking through sophisticated strategies that target specific groups.
2) Tobacco companies develop brands targeting different consumer groups through careful manipulation of product characteristics, pricing, placement, and promotion.
3) Key target groups in the UK include young smokers starting out and seeking identity, as well as low-income loyal smokers sensitive to social stigma. Tobacco marketing strategies are highly effective at reaching and influencing these groups.
The document discusses semantic interoperability methodologies for bridging concepts between different domains. It describes challenges in computer understanding of semantics due to issues like sarcasm and subjectivity. It also outlines approaches for determining similarity between data fragments, including comparing ontologies, element names, and data types. The research aims to automatically infer mappings between document standards using an inference engine and domain-specific heuristics.
El documento describe las unidades mínimas y estándares de medida de información como el bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte y más. Explica que un bit almacena solo un 1 o 0, mientras que un byte equivale a 8 bits. Luego define cada unidad mayor como un múltiplo de 1024 de la unidad anterior, y provee ejemplos de conversiones entre unidades.
El sector textil en Valencia la moda femeninaEstelle Cornu
Este documento describe la historia de la industria textil en Valencia, España, desde la Edad Media hasta la actualidad. Comenzó con los musulmanes en los siglos X-XI y floreció durante el siglo XV, conocido como el "siglo de oro". La industria textil, especialmente la seda, impulsó la prosperidad económica de Valencia. Sin embargo, entró en crisis en el siglo XIX debido a la falta de adaptación a las nuevas tendencias y la competencia extranjera. En el siglo XX, la industria textil se
This document provides an overview of email marketing best practices. It discusses how email marketing works by allowing targeting and segmentation, being data driven, and driving direct sales. It also covers where to start with email marketing by preparing objectives and plans. The document then discusses email service providers, growing email lists, email design, content, and common mistakes. It provides tips for subjects lines, delivery, permissions, social media, and A/B testing to improve email campaigns. The overall document gives a comprehensive look at developing and optimizing an email marketing strategy.
¿Podemos tratar la artrosis y aliviar el dolor articular?CongresoAEEM
Symposium patrocinado por Bioibérica: artrosis en la mujer menopáusica: diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico genético.
Dr. Pascual García Alfaro - ¿Podemos tratar la artrosis y aliviar el dolor articular?
La certificación profesional desarrolla la marca personal, ofrece ventajas competitivas como más oportunidades laborales y mejor compensación, y permite emprender mediante servicios profesionales independientes, startups o empresas formales. Algunas alternativas de certificación son CompTIA, que ofrece una ruta de certificación en tecnologías de la información reconocida a nivel global.
This document describes a study that examined the factors influencing the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide vapor for surface decontamination. The study tested different combinations of hydrogen peroxide concentration (400, 600, 800 ppm) and humidity levels on test surfaces inoculated with Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. The results showed that higher hydrogen peroxide concentrations and higher humidity levels resulted in faster spore inactivation. Subvisible condensation enhanced inactivation, but visible condensation provided no further benefit. The deposition of water and hydrogen peroxide on surfaces, not gas phase concentration, was found to be the determining factor for microbial inactivation.
VSCO es una aplicación y plataforma para editar y compartir fotografías de manera profesional, que permite tomar fotos directamente o importarlas del teléfono para aplicar filtros que mejoran la calidad de las imágenes.
Este documento presenta una introducción al e-marketing, describiendo sus cuatro pilares principales: usabilidad, buscadores, interfaz y promoción. Explica que el e-marketing debe integrarse en la estrategia general de negocios de una empresa para asegurar su coherencia y análisis. También identifica los 10 errores más comunes que cometen las empresas en su estrategia de e-marketing.
Este documento presenta las enmiendas a la Parte I del Libro VIII del Reglamento de Aviación Civil de Panamá, que establece los requisitos para obtener licencias para el personal aeronáutico que no son miembros de la tripulación de vuelo. Se definen términos clave y se especifican los requisitos generales para la solicitud, emisión, renovación y convalidación de licencias. Además, se establecen los requisitos específicos para varias licencias de especialidades como técnico de mantenimiento de aeron
El documento resume las expectativas de audiencia para los partidos de la Eurocopa 2016 de la selección española. Se espera que el primer partido contra la República Checa el 13 de junio obtenga alrededor de 10 millones de espectadores. Mediaset transmitirá en exclusiva los 23 partidos por Tele5, Cuatro, BeMad y en su plataforma digital Mitele.es.
Grupo SIFU ofrece servicios y suministros a través de centros especiales de empleo que emplean a más de 2,500 personas con discapacidad. Su división Corporate Housing se especializa en gestionar el alojamiento de profesionales mediante la búsqueda y gestión de viviendas de alquiler de forma personalizada. Ofrecen ventajas como ahorro de costes, cumplimiento de la ley de integración y delegación en un experto de la gestión de alquileres.
Este documento presenta el portafolio de Elizabeth Rivera Rodríguez, que incluye sus datos personales, habilidades, estudios, cursos, experiencia profesional e ilustraciones. Destaca su titulación en Diseño Gráfico y una maestría en curso en Diseño Editorial, así como experiencia docente universitaria en diseño y cursos varios de ilustración, tipografía y diseño digital y editorial. Su trayectoria profesional comprende trabajos freelance y de imagen corporativa para diversas empresas, así como labores docentes y sociales.
GWC Valve International brochure for valves that we manufacture nationally and internationally.
GWC products are designed, engineered and manufactured to exceed your stringent process requirements.
GWC's Global Operations are licensed and certified to API-6D, API-6A, API-600, PED and ISO 9000.
El documento describe varios sistemas constructivos utilizados en estructuras de hormigón armado y madera. Explica que el hormigón armado consiste en hormigón reforzado con barras de acero y puede usarse en edificios, puentes y otras obras. También describe sistemas con muros portantes de hormigón armado y la técnica de la Tridilosa que combina hormigón y acero. Finalmente, explica elementos estructurales básicos en madera como columnas, vigas y uniones.
Strategic decisions move a company toward its stated goals and.docxsusanschei
Strategic decisions move a company toward its stated goals and
perceived success. Strategic decisions also reflect the firm’s social
responsibility and the ethical values on which such decisions are
made. They reflect what is considered important and what a com-
pany wants to achieve.
Mark Pastin, writing on the function of ethics in business deci-
sions, observes:
There are fundamental principles, or ground rules, by which
organizations act. Like the ground rules of individuals,
organizational ground rules determine which actions are
possible for the organization and what the actions mean.
Buried beneath the charts of organizational responsibility,
the arcane strategies, the crunched numbers, and the politi-
cal intrigue of every firm are sound rules by which the game
unfolds.
The following situations reflect different decisions made by multi-
national firms and governments and also reflect the social respon-
sibility and ethical values underpinning the decisions. Study the
following situations in the global cigarette marketplace carefully
and assess the ground rules that guided the decisions of firms and
governments.
EXPORTING U.S. CIGARETTE
CONSUMPTION
In the United States, 480,000 deaths, about one in five, are related to
smoking each year. About 250 billion cigarettes were sold in the U.S.
in 2017, but sales are shrinking rapidly. Unit sales have been drop-
ping about 1 to 2 percent a year, and sales have been down by almost
5 percent in the last 10 years. The U.S. Surgeon General’s campaign
against smoking, higher cigarette taxes, nonsmoking rules in public
areas, and the concern Americans have about general health have
led to the decline in tobacco consumption. Faced with various class-
action lawsuits, the success of states in winning lawsuits, and pend-
ing federal legislation, tobacco companies have stepped up their
international marketing activities to maintain profits.
Even though companies have agreed to sweeping restrictions in
the United States on cigarette marketing and secondhand smoke
and to bolder cancer-warning labels, they are fighting as hard as
ever in the Third World to convince the media, the public, and
policymakers that similar changes are not needed. In seminars at
luxury resorts worldwide, tobacco companies invite journalists, all
expenses paid, to participate in programs that play down the health
risks of smoking. It is hard to gauge the influence of such semi-
nars, but in the Philippines, a government plan to reduce smoking
by children was “neutralized” by a public relations campaign from
cigarette companies to remove “cancer awareness and prevention”
as a “key concern.” A slant in favor of the tobacco industry’s point
of view seemed to prevail.
At a time when most industrialized countries are discourag-
ing smoking, the tobacco industry is avidly courting consumers
throughout the developing world using catchy slogans, obvious
image campaigns, and single-cigarette sales t.
Tobacco companies spend billions of dollars on marketing to target and recruit young people as replacement smokers. They use tactics like product design, pricing, placement, and advertising to make tobacco appealing and accessible to youth. The tobacco industry's business depends on getting young people to use their products long-term in order to addict a new generation of smokers.
A critique on Corporate Social Responsibility of the Tobacco IndustryMaxwell Ranasinghe
Tobacco companies engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities like disaster relief and education programs. However, these activities may be intended to improve their public image and help market cigarettes, rather than out of genuine commitment to social causes. Their youth smoking prevention programs often have the opposite effect by making smoking seem like an adult activity. CSR cannot make up for the lethal health effects of cigarettes, and tobacco companies should commit $1 billion to independent research on developing a harmless cigarette instead of using CSR as a defensive business strategy.
Marketing, Planning, Implimentation And ControlFalade Samson
The document discusses the legal and ethical framework around the sales and promotion of tobacco and alcohol in Nigeria. It provides an overview of tobacco and alcohol consumption in Nigeria. It then discusses the key aspects of the legal and ethical framework for both tobacco and alcohol separately. For tobacco, it outlines the Tobacco Control Act and compares it to the previous 1990 Tobacco Control Decree, noting how the new Act expands restrictions. It also discusses some challenges in enforcing tobacco regulations, such as the rise of smokeless tobacco and tobacco companies' corporate social responsibility programs.
Banning tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship what you need to knowTrinity Care Foundation
The tobacco industry spends tens of billions of dollars worldwide each year on advertising, promotion and sponsorship. A total ban on direct and indirect advertising, promotion and sponsorship, as provided in guidelines to Article 13 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, can substantially reduce tobacco consumption and protect people, particularly youths, from industry marketing tactics. To be effective, bans must be complete and apply to all marketing categories. Otherwise, the industry merely redirects resources to nonregulated marketing channels. The tobacco industry strongly opposes such comprehensive bans because they are effective in reducing tobacco use.
The letter urges the US Senate Committee on Health to pass a law banning all tobacco advertising. It summarizes research showing that tobacco advertising influences tobacco usage rates, especially among teenagers and young adults. Banning tobacco advertising would significantly reduce tobacco consumption and positively impact public health, as evidenced by other countries that have enacted such bans. The letter cites experts who argue that the tobacco industry strategically targets youth to replace smokers who quit or pass away, exploiting teenagers' need for independence, and that banning advertising would undermine this strategy by decreasing smoking initiation rates among youth.
Urban Exposure has created the first flash tattoo nicotine patch to help young adults quit smoking cigarettes. Their target market is women ages 18-24 in the Netherlands who smoke. They will partner with the Dutch government and popular clothing stores to help market the product and build brand awareness. The flash tattoo nicotine patches are designed to be aesthetically appealing to young adults and discreetly help them quit smoking while expressing themselves.
The document discusses the strategy and evolution of an anti-smoking campaign called "thetruth". It outlines key facts about smoking and the tobacco industry's targeting of teenagers. It then details the campaign's strategic approach of rebranding anti-smoking messages to be more rebellious and empowering in order to compete with tobacco industry marketing and fulfill teenagers' desire for control and self-expression. Finally, it discusses the campaign's integration of different methods like advertising, grassroots events, and partnerships to raise awareness of the tobacco industry's deception.
E-cigarette marketing analysis based on European Lawmakers reject tight restrictions on e-cigarettes and the e-cigarette industry waiting to exhale by The New York Times.
Slideshare presentations from esrc seminar threeBSMC_UWE
Presentations from 'behaviour change' ESRC seminar 3 on 'Changing Alcohol, Drug and Smoking Behaviours', hosted by Bristol Social Marketing Centre and held at the Royal Society on 27th March 2015.
A public perception crisis around electronic cigarettes seem.docxblondellchancy
A public perception crisis around
electronic cigarettes seems to have
materialized overnight, triggering a
variety of responses from the industry.
News of vaping-related
hospitalizations began circulating in
August while teen use continued to
trend upward. Juul Lab’s share of the
e-cigarette market fell to 64% as of Oct.
5, compared to over 72% of dollar share in
August 2018, according to Nielsen. While
the category leader has responded by
shying away from advertising, its rivals
continue to spread their messages.
In early October, the FTC launched an
investigation into the marketing practices
of six e-cigarette makers: Juul, R.J.
Reynolds Vapor Co. (maker of Vuse), Logic
Technology Development, NJOY, Nu Mark
(discontinued by Altria) and blu parent
company Fontem Ventures. It asked
that they provide reports “concerning
the sales, practices and methods of
advertising” from 2015-2018.
“It’s not always easy to recognize
marketing by these brands,” Anne Elisco-
Lemme, ecd at Duncan Channon, which
works with the California Tobacco Control
Program, said. “Paid vape reviews and
social media influencers, all of these
avenues have been used to promote
products for years under the radar. Only
now is the FDA catching up.”
With a proliferation of new brands and
online outlets dedicated to vaping, there’s
a lot to keep up with.
RETREATING FROM THE SPOTLIGHT
As Juul ran a large broadcast campaign
devoted to getting adult smokers
to switch to e-cigarettes, an FDA
investigation concluded that the brand
previously illegally marketed its products
as safer alternatives to cigarettes without
FDA approval, including in presentations
at schools and camps.
“I think they were reacting to the fact
that they got caught red-handed marketing
to youth, and it was the most serious
attempt at a revisionist history that I’ve ever
seen,” Elisco-Lemme said of the campaign.
After platforms including CBS,
WarnerMedia and Viacom dropped all
e-cigarette advertising in September, Juul
decided to suspend broadcast, digital and
print advertising in the U.S. Other outlets
remain open for other brands to advertise,
though. More recently, Juul CMO Craig
Brommers left the company and Juul
decided to eliminate the role.
STAYING THE COURSE
Juul, which spent $104 million on
marketing in the first six months of 2019,
according to Kantar Media, wasn’t the
only brand whose spending skyrocketed.
Tobacco company R.J. Reynolds
ran a major campaign for its new Vuse
Alto e-cigarette device, increasing its ad
spending from $670,000 in all of 2018
to $37.5 million in the first six months of
2019. Its “Innovation” campaign debuted
in early March and aired over 9,000 times,
according to iSpot.tv.
Unlike Juul, Vuse isn’t responding to
recent trends by suspending advertising.
An R.J. Reynolds Vapor Co.
representative explained in a statement
that the company “has demonstrated—
and continues to demonstrate” that such
products “can ...
- The document discusses a study on the effects of alcohol advertising on young adults ages 18-23.
- Surveys were used to collect qualitative data on whether alcohol ads influence young adults' consumption habits.
- The results showed that most young adults reported being influenced by alcohol ads to buy and drink more alcohol, even if they did not realize the level of influence.
This document summarizes evidence from tobacco industry documents revealing decades of deception regarding the health risks of smoking and the addictive nature of nicotine. It argues the industry has not truly reformed and should not be trusted or involved in public health policy. While claiming publicly that smoking is not proven addictive, internal documents show companies privately acknowledged nicotine is addictive and the primary reason for smoking. The document aims to counter industry arguments that it has changed by demonstrating continued efforts to undermine health regulations and mislead the public.
The document discusses an anti-drink driving campaign. The purpose is to raise awareness and change attitudes about drink driving. The aim is to discourage driving after drinking. Techniques used in the campaign include a bold headline to catch attention, shocking imagery of a covered body after a failed rescue attempt, and informal language to seem less threatening. Statistics show the campaign has been successful, as road accidents and casualties involving alcohol have greatly decreased over 30 years, and attitudes towards drink driving have changed from acceptable to taboo.
Last Name 1 Student Name” Prof. Abdul-Jabbaar .docxDIPESH30
Last Name 1
“Student Name”
Prof. Abdul-Jabbaar
English 102
April, 2014.
The Smoking Kid.
According to the World Health Organization, one billion people out of the world’s population of
seven billion are smokers. Furthermore, approximately one person dies every six seconds due to tobacco
smoking, which accounts for one in every ten adult deaths. Needless to say, now more than ever, the
world’s governments and health organizations are keen to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking
and eventually promote the decline of tobacco usage in general with the media as their vessel of choice,
owing to its various forms and proven ability to reach millions of people at a go. This is where we’ve
made our niche. As newly employed members of this advertising agency, it is important that you keep up
with the trends and learn from the ‘Da Vinci’s’ of this industry. Only then can you stay relevant.
Numerous campaigns have been launched worldwide but few have had the impact that the ‘Smoking Kid’
ad created by our competition over at ‘Ogilvy&Mather’ has had. The forty per cent increase in phone
calls to the Thai Health Promotion Foundation hotline after the ad was aired is undisputable proof that the
ad was in fact successful in reaching the masses and motivating them to seek professional assistance.
The ‘Smoking Kid’ ad was initially created with the mature Thai smoking population in mind. This
is seen by the fact that the ad itself is in the Thai language. The ad focuses on adults with the youngest
being at least eighteen or so, and mature enough to fully comprehend and understand the negative effects
of smoking tobacco. The message being passed through this ad, as is the same with all other anti-smoking
ads, is that smoking is harmful to one’s health and should therefore be curbed in order to prevent future
Commented [MA1]: Hook
Commented [MA2]: Transition
Commented [MA3]: Thesis
Commented [MA4]: Topic sentence
Last Name 2
complications. What is particularly striking about this ad is the fact that it employs a unique tactic where
children are used to warn adults about the dangers of smoking, whereas it is usually the other way around.
This deviation from the norm, in my opinion, is what makes the ad even more effective than the usual
‘shock and scare’ methods that other ads use every so often.
It becomes apparent as soon as you watch the ad that the creators were focused on appealing to the
audience’s emotions. Smoking adults are a common sight in society. Young teenagers who smoke are
chastised in many social settings as being in a rebellious phase. However, mere children smoking is just
downright atrocious and in most cases isn’t tolerated, endorsed or encouraged. Therefore, having a child
walk up to a smoking adult and ask to borrow a lighter would no doubt elicit a particular r ...
This document discusses tobacco advertising and its controversies. It provides statistics on tobacco use in Pakistan, quotes on the impact of tobacco advertising on youth, and details strategies used by tobacco companies like Pakistan Tobacco Company to promote their products, including branding and lobbying retailers. It concludes that comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising are needed to curb consumption given the direct relationship between advertising and tobacco use.
Alcohol marketing has a significant impact on children and young people by increasing the likelihood they will start drinking and drink more if they already do. Studies show children who own alcohol branded merchandise or are regularly exposed to point-of-sale alcohol advertising are more likely to start drinking. Alcohol marketing reaches children as young as 10-11 and establishes brand loyalty at a young age. Strict regulation of alcohol marketing is needed to reduce its negative influences and protect public health, especially of minors.
The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 establishes a framework for sustainable development that balances environmental protection and economic development. It mandates the formulation of a national air quality management program implemented through inter-agency cooperation. The act also focuses on pollution prevention over control and provides guidelines for environmental impact assessment, public education, and industry self-regulation through economic instruments. It designates several government agencies to monitor air quality, set vehicle emissions standards, regulate fuel quality, and support public awareness campaigns.
The document is the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. It was created by the World Health Organization to establish guidelines and recommendations for countries to implement tobacco control strategies and reduce the demand and supply of tobacco products globally. The Convention contains provisions on pricing and tax measures, smoke-free policies, regulation of tobacco product contents and disclosures, education campaigns, advertising bans, and support for economically viable alternatives to tobacco. It also addresses issues such as illicit trade, sales to minors, and protection of public health and the environment from tobacco.
This document outlines the Philippine National Tobacco Control Strategy from 2011-2016. It notes that tobacco use is a leading preventable cause of death globally and in the Philippines. The strategy was developed in response to the country's high tobacco use rates and obligations under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. It aims to promote full implementation of the WHO-FCTC and mobilize public action through strategies like strengthening organizational capacity and advocacy. If left unaddressed, tobacco is projected to kill over 8 million people annually by 2030.
The document summarizes the WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008. It outlines that tobacco use kills over 5 million people per year and could kill over 1 billion people this century if urgent action is not taken. It presents MPOWER, a package of 6 policies recommended by the WHO to help countries implement the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Monitor tobacco use; Protect from secondhand smoke; Offer help to quit; Warn about dangers; Enforce advertising bans; and Raise taxes. However, implementation of these policies remains limited, with only 5% of the global population currently protected by comprehensive smoke-free laws and advertising bans. Increased efforts are needed to curb the tobacco epidemic.
The document discusses the importance of monitoring tobacco use and the impact of tobacco control policies. It outlines that population-based surveillance data is needed to effectively implement the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Accurate measurement through monitoring can help public health authorities understand tobacco-related problems and improve interventions. Key indicators to monitor include tobacco use rates, exposure to tobacco smoke and marketing, and the effectiveness of policies like tax increases and smoke-free laws. The document emphasizes that monitoring must use standardized, scientifically valid methods and be strengthened in many countries.
The Civil Service Commission adopted a 100% smoke-free policy that prohibits smoking in all government premises and buildings, except for designated outdoor smoking areas no larger than 10 square meters located at least 10 meters from entrances and congregating areas. The policy aims to protect employees and the public from secondhand smoke and encourage quitting smoking. Heads of agencies must post no smoking signs and ensure compliance, and violations will be subject to disciplinary action.
Smoking Prohibition based on 100% Smoke-Free Environment Policy, Restrictions on Interactions with the Tobacco Industry and Imposition of Sanctions for Violation of the Rule
This memorandum circular from the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology establishes a smoking prohibition policy in all of its national headquarters, regional offices, and jail facilities. It aims to promote a healthy environment and protect people from secondhand smoke. Strict guidelines are outlined, including absolute smoking bans, signage requirements, penalties for violations, and an information campaign. Facility heads are tasked with enforcing the policy and reporting on compliance.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document outlines the vision, mission, goals, and objectives of a tobacco control advocacy forum presented by Evy R. Sarmiento. The vision is for Filipinos to be free from tobacco-related diseases. The mission is a unified response to prevent and control tobacco-related diseases. The goal is to protect present and future generations from the health, social, and environmental consequences of tobacco use. The objectives are to strengthen infrastructure and develop an integrated program, advocate for tobacco control laws and policies, and strengthen collaboration among stakeholders. The program will focus on implementing health interventions in key areas and five priority programs related to tobacco dependence, smoke exposure, education, and product regulation.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the health hazards of smoking and tobacco use in the Philippines. It provides statistics showing that 240 Filipinos die daily from tobacco-related diseases. Nearly half of adult males (47.7%) smoke, compared to 9% of adult females. Over 20% of students currently smoke cigarettes. The main toxic components of tobacco smoke - nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide - are explained. Smoking is linked to numerous forms of cancer, heart disease, strokes, lung disease, and other health problems. The document urges youth not to start smoking and encourages stopping to save lives.
This document discusses the global health issues caused by tobacco use. Some key points:
- Tobacco use killed 100 million people worldwide in the 20th century, and could kill 1 billion in the 21st century if trends continue.
- Tobacco use causes about 6 million deaths per year currently, and tobacco-related diseases account for about 10% of all deaths globally each year.
- Tobacco use results in an average of 15 years of life lost per smoker and costs nations about 3.6% of their GDP on average.
- 13,500 people die from tobacco use daily worldwide, more than from HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria combined.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
1. YOU’RE THE TARGETNew Global Marlboro Campaign Found to Target Teens
MAYBE
BUILDING SUPPORT FOR TOBACCO CONTROL
A L L I A N C E
F R A M E W O R K C O N V E N T I O N
2. ii
Teenager smoking underneath “Be Marlboro” billboard, Philippines 2014. Source: Campaign for
Tobacco-Free Kids.
Contents
Executive Summary, 1
Introduction, 3
Recruiting Replacement Smokers
— Philip Morris’ history of
targeting youth, 5
‘Don’t Be a Maybe.
Be Marlboro.’ — A global
marketing campaign found to
target teens, 7
Don’t Be Marlboro —
Country Court Rulings and
Challenges, 17
Conclusion and Call to Action, 20
References, 21
Acknowledgments
A special thank you to Alianca de
Controle do Tabagismo (ACT)
Brazil, HealthJustice Philippines,
OxyRomandie, Tobacco Control
Research Group at the University
of Bath (www.tobaccotactics.org)
and WhyQuit.com for providing
content and photos for this report.
MAYBE
YOU’RE THE
TARGET
NEW GLOBAL CAMPAIGN
FOUND TO TARGET
TEENS
3. 1
Executive
Summary
Tobacco kills nearly 6 million people
worldwide every year.1
To maintain
profits, tobacco companies must
replace customers who quit or die
from tobacco-related diseases with
new smokers.2
Replacement smokers
are often youth who are attracted to
tobacco products through expensive
marketing campaigns that use images
that are highly appealing to young
people around the globe.3
While tobacco companies claim
publicly that they do not market to
youth or design marketing campaigns
that target them, a 2013 study
conducted in low- and middle-income
countries showed that 22 percent of
five- and six-year-olds surveyed were
able to correctly identify Marlboro
cigarettes, the world’s best-selling
cigarette brand.4
Recognition of
global cigarette brands by youth is not
a coincidence. Volumes of internal
industry documents and decades of
peer-reviewed research show that
tobacco companies target children as
young as 13 years of age and such
marketing increases youth smoking
rates.5, 6
Arguably, no tobacco product’s
marketing has been more effective
in reaching youth than the marketing
for Marlboro cigarettes. Historically,
Marlboro has been marketed using
the iconic Marlboro Man and images
of the rugged American West. While
the Marlboro Man has been retired in
many markets, the effort to appeal to
youth continues.
In 2012, Philip Morris International
(PMI), the maker of Marlboro and the
world’s largest publicly traded tobacco
company, spent $US 6.97 billion on
marketing its products and related
expenses.7
At least $US 62 million
of PMI’s 2012 marketing budget was
spent on launching new brands and
rolling out “Be Marlboro,” a global
marketing campaign to replace the
infamous Marlboro Man.8
Using concepts and imagery
consistent with the recommendations
of findings from previous Philip Morris
internal research on marketing to
teens,9, 10
the “Be Marlboro” campaign
draws on youth-oriented images and
themes that suggest to young people
that they should BE a Marlboro
smoker.
Launched in Germany in 2011, “Be
Marlboro” has spread to more than 50
countries.11
Although PMI claims that
“Be Marlboro” targets only legal-age
smokers,12
campaign advertisements
from around the world clearly appeal
to minors by featuring young, hip
dreamers and doers partying, falling in
love, adventure traveling and generally
being “cool.” In fact, in October of
2013, a German court banned “Be
Marlboro” advertisements on the
grounds that the campaign is designed
German Advertisement 2012. Source: deWilde Investor Day presentation.13
to encourage children as young as 14
years of age to smoke, which is in
violation of Germany’s advertising
law.14
Although PMI has indicated it
will challenge the ruling,15
the ban
on the “Be Marlboro” advertising
campaign will remain in place while
the case is being litigated.16
In spite of the German court’s
finding that “Be Marlboro”
advertisements target young
teenagers and are in conflict with
PMI’s own seemingly ineffective
code of conduct,17
PMI continues
to aggressively rollout the “Be
Marlboro” campaign internationally,
including in low- and middle-
income countries struggling with the
enormous tobacco epidemic. These
countries include
• Brazil, where PMI is placing
“Be Marlboro” posters at the point
of sale (POS), taking advantage
of the lack of regulation and
inspection to enforce the existing
POS advertising ban.
4. 2
• Indonesia, where tobacco
advertising laws are weak and
where PMI posts massive “Be
Marlboro” billboards on the street.
• Philippines, where tobacco
companies continually attempt
to thwart strong tobacco control
policies through the courts.
This report documents the global
scope of Marlboro’s multimillion
dollar rebranding campaign and how
it threatens the health of millions
of youth around the world. It also
documents how “Be Marlboro”
appeals to teens without regard
for advertising restrictions aimed
at protecting youth in countries
including Brazil, Colombia, Germany
and Switzerland. The report further
emphasizes the ineffectiveness of
voluntary marketing codes and partial
tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship bans at curbing the
tobacco industry’s ability to market
to youth.
Young girl under “Be Marlboro” billboard,
Indonesia 2014. Source: Campaign for
Tobacco-Free Kids.
German Advertisement 2012. Source: deWilde Investor Day presentation.18
In light of the evidence presented,
this report calls on PMI to
immediately end all “Be Marlboro”
marketing activities worldwide and
publish a detailed accounting of “Be
Marlboro” activities by country on its
corporate website so that governments
and public health organizations can
assess the damage caused by the
campaign.
All governments should
comprehensively ban all forms of
tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship in accordance with the
international tobacco control treaty,
the World Health Organization
Framework Convention on Tobacco
Control (FCTC). Only comprehensive
bans can prevent PMI and other
tobacco companies from initiating
similar youth marketing activities in
the future.
5. 3
Introduction
Globally, tobacco use is the leading
cause of preventable death.19
Tobacco
kills nearly 6 million people annually
and, if current trends continue,
tobacco will kill more than 8 million
people worldwide by 2030.20
The
majority of smokers start smoking
before the age of 18 and almost one in
four smokers begins smoking before
the age of 10.21
Every day, 80,000 to
100,000 children around the world
become addicted to tobacco.22
Tobacco companies have argued for
decades that their marketing efforts do
not target youth, while simultaneously
acting to prevent strong tobacco
marketing bans that protect young
people. Some companies, including
Philip Morris International (PMI),
have even gone so far as to promise
in ineffective codes of conduct that
they will not market tobacco products
to minors.23, 24
However, volumes of
previously secret internal industry
documents publicly released as a
result of U.S. litigation settlements
and decades of peer-reviewed research
show that tobacco companies target
children as young as 13 years of age
and such marketing increases youth
smoking rates.25, 26
In 2012, PMI spent $US 6.97
billion on marketing and related
expenses.27
At least $US 62 million
of PMI’s 2012 marketing budget
was spent on new brands and the
roll out of “Be Marlboro,” a global
marketing campaign promoting
Marlboro cigarettes.28
Using concepts
and imagery consistent with the
recommendations of previous Philip
Morris internal research on marketing
to teens,29, 30
“Be Marlboro” exploits
adolescents’ search for identity by
suggesting that — in the face of
uncertainty — they should BE a
Marlboro smoker. Although PMI
claims that “Be Marlboro” only
targets legal-age smokers,31
campaign
advertisements from around the
world clearly focus on youth-oriented
images and themes that appeal
to teenagers and feature young,
attractive models partying, falling
in love, adventure traveling and
generally being “cool.”
In October 2013, a German
court banned “Be Marlboro”
advertisements, finding that the
campaign encouraged teens as
young as 14 years of age to smoke in
violation of Germany’s advertising
laws.32
Although PMI has indicated
it will challenge the ruling,33
the ban
on the “Be Marlboro” advertising
campaign will remain in place
while the case is being litigated.34
In
Brazil, CONAR (national council of
advertising self-regulation), a non-
governmental organization, found
that a “Be Marlboro” poster featuring
the phrase “I will be independent”
targeted a youth audience in violation
of the Brazilian Advertising Self-
Regulation Code.35
Additionally, a
public prosecutor in Brazil recently
Archetype Project Table of Contents.
Philip Morris’s Archetype Project
lays out how to market cigarettes to
teenagers. Source: Legacy Tobacco
Documents Library, University of
California, San Francisco.
Outdoor Billboard, Germany 2012. Source: WhyQuit.com.
6. 4
Invitation to “Be Marlboro” sponsored concert, Switzerland. Source: OxyRomandie.
demanded PMI and Souza Cruz,
a subsidiary of British American
Tobacco (BAT), remove all point-
of-sale (POS) ads, citing Brazil’s
existing federal law banning tobacco
advertising. To date, “Be Marlboro”
advertisements are still running in
Brazil.
In spite of these rulings finding
that “Be Marlboro” advertisements
are directly aimed at youth, PMI
continues to aggressively roll
out the “Be Marlboro” campaign
internationally, including in countries
such as Indonesia and China that
suffer from the world’s highest rates
of tobacco use.
This report reviews how tobacco
companies use marketing campaigns
to attract young smokers to replace
dying customers and boost company
profits. It describes PMI’s “Be
Marlboro” campaign and illustrates
how, consistent with the findings
of the German court,36
the global
campaign effectively and strategically
targets vulnerable teenagers. The
report concludes by demanding that
“[I]f the tobacco companies
really stopped marketing
to children, the tobacco
companies would be out of
business in 25 to 30 years
because they will not have
enough customers to stay in
business.”
Bennett LeBow, President
and CEO of Vector Tobacco,
Inc.38
PMI end all “Be Marlboro” campaign
activities and immediately publish a
full list of “Be Marlboro” marketing
activities by country on its corporate
website so that governments and
public health organizations can
assess the damage caused by the
campaign. Recognizing that voluntary
regulations and partial advertising,
promotion and sponsorship bans
are ineffective, the report also calls
on governments to ban all forms of
tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship in accordance with Article
13 of the FCTC to prevent PMI
and other tobacco companies from
initiating similar marketing activities
in the future.37
7. 5
Recruiting
Replacement
Smokers —
Philip Morris’
history of
targeting youth
Up to half of all lifetime smokers
die from tobacco-related diseases.39
To maintain profits and ensure their
economic future, tobacco companies
must attract young smokers to replace
smokers that die from tobacco-related
illnesses.40
Because teenagers are
uniquely vulnerable to marketing, the
tobacco industry has spent decades
and billions of dollars developing
marketing tactics that hook teens and
addict them for life.41, 42
Internal tobacco industry documents
made public through landmark U.S.
litigation settlements43, 44
reveal that
tobacco companies have historically
targeted teenagers as young as 13
years of age as a key market, studied
the smoking habits of youth and
developed marketing campaigns
aimed directly at them.45, 46
As early as 1969, Philip Morris
understood that teenagers begin
“smoking for psychosocial reasons...
it signifies adulthood... [and a teenager
smokes] to enhance his image in the
eyes of his peers.”47
A 1984 internal
Philip Morris document states that
people begin smoking because of
1) “...peer pressure, 2) to rebel/assert
independence, 3) to appear grown
up [and] 4) to experiment,” and that
“products targeted to [the] younger
end of spectrum [are] most viable.”48
A decade later, in 1994, Philip Morris
recognized that the “[c]hoice of a
‘starter’ brand [coincides with]
[y]outhful conformity/rebellion.”53
One key study conducted by
Philip Morris in the 1990s examined
the emotional reasons for why
people smoke.54
Internally called
the Archetype Project, the report
outlined how an individual’s attitude
and impressions about smoking are
formed at an early age (between four
and nine years of age in some study
participants). The study also described
smoking as an activity that can be
linked to adult initiation rituals, risk
taking, bonding with peers and the
need for youth to feel like they belong
to a group and can partake in an “adult
activity.” Among other things, the
study recommended that, in order
to attract customers, Philip Morris’
marketing department should stress:
A Snake Sheds its Skin: Still Selling Death
In 2003, after more than a decade of planning, Philip Morris Companies
— then the parent company of both Philip Morris USA and Philip
Morris International — changed its corporate name to Altria in an
effort to improve its negative corporate image and distance itself from
the tobacco business.49
In 2006, a U.S. federal judge found that Philip
Morris and other cigarette manufacturers had violated civil racketeering
laws by engaging in a decades-long fraud to deceive the American
public about the health risks of smoking.50
Two years later, in 2008,
Altria spun off PMI, in large part to protect PMI from U.S. regulation
and litigation and to give PMI more “freedom to pursue sales growth
in emerging markets.”51
Although PMI and Altria have been legally
separate companies since 2008, PMI continues to be led by former Altria
employees, including the former CEO of Altria Group.52
• smoking is for adults only,
therefore making it more attractive
to teenagers;
• smoking is for people who like to
take risks, are not afraid of taboos
and see life as an adventure in
which they prove themselves;
• the popularity of the brand and
that choosing it will reinforce
the consumer’s identity and
integration into a group; and
• using images of an American
identity that is “growing, searching
and striving” and emphasize the
ritualistic elements of smoking
(particularly fire and smoke).55
Many of the elements outlined in
the Archetype Project are reflected in
PMI’s “Be Marlboro” campaign.
8. 6
BIG TOBACCO: A PACK OF LIES
In 2006, a U.S. Federal District Court found that several major tobacco companies — including Altria, PMI’s
parent company at the time of the 2006 ruling56
— coordinated efforts in a scheme to defraud the public about
the health effects of their products and that they were likely to continue to defraud the public into the future.57
The presiding judge stated that:
• “Defendants’ marketing activities are intended to bring new, young, and hopefully long-lived smokers into
the market in order to replace those who die (largely from tobacco-caused illnesses) or quit.”58
• “Defendants knew that youth were highly susceptible to marketing and advertising appeals, would
underestimate the health risks and effects of smoking, would overestimate their ability to stop smoking…”59
• “Defendants used their knowledge of young people to create highly sophisticated and appealing marketing
campaigns targeted to lure them into starting smoking and later becoming nicotine addicts.”60
In her testimony in this case, a former Philip Morris marketing executive acknowledged that, “Philip Morris
knows that cigarettes are one of the things that adolescents use in their transition from childhood to
adulthood.”61
On April 14, 1994 the Chief Executive Officers of the seven major U.S.-based tobacco companies stated under oath that nicotine is not addictive.
Other hearings and subsequent litigation revealed that tobacco companies buried internal research showing nicotine was addictive and that they
knew cigarettes caused cancer, heart disease and other serious diseases.
9. 7
‘Don’t Be
a Maybe.
Be Marlboro’
A global marketing
campaign found to
target teens62
PMI is the largest publicly traded
cigarette company in the world.
The company operates in more than
180 countries and reported $8.6
billion in profits in 2013.63, 64
PMI’s
Marlboro cigarette is the world’s
highest-selling cigarette brand
and a key driver of the company’s
global strategy to increase profits.
65, 66
According to Forbes Magazine,
Marlboro is the 29th
most valuable
global brand and is the only tobacco
product on the list of the 100 most
valuable brands.67
Marlboro’s global
growth is due in large part to PMI’s
aggressive marketing, including the
Marlboro Man marketing campaign
that for decades used the iconic
cowboy and western imagery to
convey independence, rebellion and
an American life-style.68
Globally,
the Marlboro brand is highly
recognizable among youth. In a
2013 study conducted among five-
and six-year-olds in Brazil, China,
India, Nigeria, Pakistan and Russia,
22 percent of the children in the
study were able to correctly identify
Marlboro as a cigarette brand,
including 43 percent of Chinese
youth.69
In 2011, PMI launched “Be
Marlboro” in an effort to revamp
Marlboro’s image among “young
adult smokers” and replace the
infamous Marlboro Man.70
The “Be
Marlboro” campaign was developed
by Leo Burnett, PMI’s longtime
advertising agency tasked with being
the “guardians of Marlboro” and
the agency responsible for creating
the Marlboro Man.71, 72
In an online
video describing the development of
the “Be Marlboro” campaign, Leo
Burnett explains that to young people,
“Freedom and adventure means one
thing: a profound desire to find a
purpose in life. Unfortunately...the
daunting forces of society leave young
adult smokers paralyzed with inaction.
They have little outside guidance in
which to help them move forward in
life. They are frozen hiding behind
a world of maybes…Thus the idea
was born…Marlboro doesn’t believe
in Maybes or sitting on the fence
watching from the sidelines.”73
Mirroring concepts and
recommendations from the Philip
Morris Archetype Project conducted
in the 1990s concerning the use of
smoking by teenagers to transition
from childhood to adulthood, the
“Be Marlboro” campaign seizes
on adolescents’ search for identity
by suggesting that, in the face
of uncertainty, they should BE a
Marlboro smoker. Growing, searching,
striving, risk taking, bonding with
peers, partaking in adult activities and
seeking adventure to prove oneself, all
elements recognized decades ago by
Philip Morris through its Archetype
Project as appealing to vulnerable
teens, play a central role in “Be
Marlboro” marketing activities. The
campaign’s promotional materials
frequently feature young, attractive
dreamers and doers partying, falling
in love, conquering heights, adventure
traveling, playing music and generally
being “cool.”
To promote “Be Marlboro” PMI has
used a wide range of tactics around
the world.
BE GLOBAL
Initially launched in Germany
in 2011, PMI’s recent reports
to investors indicate “Be
Marlboro” has run in more
than 50 countries.74
To date,
“Be Marlboro” marketing and
promotion materials have been
discovered in Argentina, Brazil,
China, Colombia, Germany,
Georgia, Latvia, Indonesia,
Israel, Japan, the Philippines,
Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
Switzerland, Ukraine and the
United Kingdom.
Switzerland print ad, 2012. Source: OxyRomandie.
10. 8
Outdoor Billboard, Germany 2012. Source: www.whyquit.com.
Outdoor Billboard, Jakarta, Indonesia 2013. Source: Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids.
BE MARLBORO ON
BILLBOARDS
(Outdoor Advertising)
Young Adult Smokers
Marketing Code Words
In the late 1970s, the tobacco
industry internally began using
the term “young adult smoker”
to replace the words “youth”
and “young smoker” in an
attempt to dodge claims that
companies were targeting youth.
Despite the shift in language,
tobacco companies continued
to study the smoking behavior
of teenagers under the age of
18 and promote cigarettes to
youth.75
Outdoor POS Billboard, Philippines 2013. Source: http://statigr.am/p/506328660312626264_257
40548.
While outdoor advertising of
tobacco products has been
banned in many countries,
including Canada, Brazil,
Thailand and much of Europe
to prevent youth exposure to
tobacco advertising, the practice
is still allowed in a number
of countries. For example, in
Germany, Indonesia and the
Philippines, “Be Marlboro”
images and slogans have been
prominently displayed in areas
accessible to teenagers and
youth, including bus stops,
billboards and outside retail
shops.
11. 9
Outdoor Billboard, Jakarta, Indonesia 2013. Source: Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids.
POS display by candy, Brazil 2014. Source: Johns Hopkins School of Public Health & ACT Brazil.
12. 10
“Maybe It’s time to explore” POS poster, Indonesia 2013. Source: Campaign for Tobacco-Free
Kids.
Don’t be a Maybe” POS display at 7-Eleven, Philippines 2013. Source: HealthJustice Philippines.
BE MARLBORO IN
CONVENIENCE STORES
(Point-of-Sale Advertising)
Tobacco products and
advertisements are often placed
in shops at eye level and near
candy where children and
adolescents are likely to see
them. POS tobacco advertising
increases the likelihood that
teenagers will begin smoking.76
“Be Marlboro” POS advertising
is present in many of the
countries where the campaign
is running, including Brazil, the
Philippines and Indonesia.
Young girl exposed to “Be Marlboro” point-of-
sale advertisement. Brazil, 2014. Source: ACT
Brazil.
13. 11
PMI video of “Be Marlboro” promotional booth at public shopping mall in Ukraine featuring a
team of young brand promoters recruiting young smokers, playing a Marlboro video game and
giving away Marlboro clothing giveaways.79
BE MARLBORO IN
SHOPPING MALLS
(Interactive booths)
PMI interacts directly with
smokers “not only at the point
of sale but also where their
interests bring them.”77
In
2012, PMI set up interactive
promotional booths at shopping
malls across Ukraine. The
booths featured large cigarette
pack displays and promotional
videos on monitors in areas
accessible to youth and
teenagers. After buying cigarette
packs, customers registered to
play interactive games on iPads
and win various prizes.78
14. 12
BE MARLBORO SPONSORS
MUSIC EVENTS
(Concert sponsorships)
Marlboro Beat lounge at Paleo music festival, Switzerland.Source: OxyRomandie.
Marlboro Beat flyer for summer festival series
in Switzerland. Source: OxyRomandie.
Promotional Video of South America summer tour.86
Tobacco companies have long reached
teenagers by sponsoring concerts
featuring popular artists or DJs
and by placing cigarette brands on
promotional materials.80, 81
To promote
“Be Marlboro” PMI has sponsored
concerts in Switzerland, Germany,
Russia and South America.
• In Switzerland, PMI sponsored
‘Marlboro Beat’ lounges at
international music festivals attended
by young people from around the
world.82
• In Russia, events associated with
a “No More Maybe” tour featured
British dance music artists such as
Joel Edwards and Faithless.83
• In Stuttgart, Germany, popular DJs
played at a ‘No Maybes Allowed’
event — a secret brand launch event
to which 600 people were invited.84
• The “Be Marlboro” summer
tour in South America featured a
performance by the popular DJ,
David Guetta.85
15. 13
BE MARLBORO USES
BEACH EVENTS
(Brand Ambassadors)
PMI video from promotional activities at popular summer break locations in Tunisia features an
attractive team of brand promoters recruiting young smokers, giving away Marlboro clothing and
organizing party games.89
PMI video from “Be Marlboro” promotional tour of popular summer break beaches on the Atlantic
Coast of Latin America features parties on public beaches, Marlboro models, promotional giveaways
and a concert by DJ David Guetta.90
In Tunisia, “Be Marlboro” used
young, attractive spokespersons
to go to the beach to interact
directly with young people.
Using electronic tablets to
collect consumer information,
people were asked to declare
themselves a “yes,” “no”
or “maybe.” If “yes” was
selected, they were challenged
to compete for “Don’t be a
Maybe” branded t-shirts and
hats.87
In Latin America, the
“Be Marlboro” summer beach
tour invited young people on
the beach into the “M Spot”
to try different extreme sports,
interact with brand promotional
staff, collect passes for free
drinks and attend concerts and
parties. The beach events appear
to be “invitation only,” but
the only thing separating the
attendees from the rest of the
beach population, including any
teenagers that may have been
present, was a rope.88
16. 14
Promotional video of party in
Ryhad, Saudi Arabia featuring
DJs, break dancing, and video
game booths. The end of the video
features a “behind the scenes”
segment in which an interviewer
asks young Saudis to name their
favorite cigarette.93
BE MARLBORO SPONSORS
BREAKDANCE PARTIES
(Commercials and
Promotional Videos)
Perhaps the marketing that most
directly appeals to teenagers
are the numerous commercials
and promotional videos that
have been developed for the
“Be Marlboro” campaign. These
videos are widely available
online for anyone to see. Many
of the images and slogans
that appear elsewhere in the
campaign are repeated in the
videos but they are amplified
by clips of young and attractive
people partying, breakdancing,
kissing, going on adventures
and being rebellious. The videos
also feature music by Madonna,
Nicki Minaj, David Guetta
and other popular artists. One
such video from Saudi Arabia
features young partiers at a
hip-hop party called “Express
Yourself” and asks attendees
to profess their love for
Marlboro cigarettes.91
Another
video called “Maybe Stories”
personalizes the ‘Don’t Be a
Maybe’ message by telling the
stories of young people who
stop saying “maybe.”92
17. 15
Social media screen grab, China 2013. Ukraine brand website- weak age verification.
BE MARLBORO
ON THE WEB
(Social Media Marketing)
YouTube produced Search 184,000 videos. Accessed January 24, 2014.
Internet and social networking
sites are rapidly becoming a
vehicle for tobacco companies
to advertise and promote their
products.94
Searching YouTube
alone for ‘Don’t Be a Maybe’
generates videos produced for
the campaign and videos of “Be
Marlboro” events. Additionally,
Marlboro brand websites,
such as a site in Ukraine, are
supposedly for adults only,
but the age requirements for
entering the sites do not require
verification.95
18. 16
“Be Marlboro” branded t-shirt, Ukraine.96
‘Don’t Be a Maybe’lighters, Philippines and
China. Source: Health Justice/ ThinkTank.
BE MARLBORO
BRAND
STRETCHING
“Be Marlboro” branded Mini Coopers, Philippines. Source: Source: http://statigr.am/p/50427959
9074370030_47519983.
Tobacco companies place
tobacco brand names, logos
or visual brand identities on
non-tobacco products, such
as clothing or accessories, to
promote their products and
circumvent traditional tobacco
marketing bans. PMI has
aggressively promoted the “Be
Marlboro” campaign slogans
on cigarette lighters, t-shirts,
hats and cars in China, the
Philippines, Tunisia, Ukraine
and other countries.
19. 17
In the face of mounting evidence
that PMI’s “Be Marlboro” campaign
targets teenagers, public health
advocates and consumers have filed
complaints against the campaign in
Germany, Switzerland, Brazil and
Colombia.
Germany. In response to the “Be
Marlboro” campaign, tobacco control
organizations in Germany called on
the German Minister for Consumer
Protection to take action against
the campaign. After officials in
Munich launched an investigation,
PMI voluntarily agreed to remove
some outdoor billboards and cinema
advertisements in August 2012,
although the company denied any
wrongdoing.97
PMI, however,
continued to run “Be Marlboro”
advertisements at the point of sale
and in other locations using slightly
altered imagery and slogans. In
October 2013, a German court
banned the marketing campaign,
finding that it illegally encouraged
teenagers and young adults between
the ages of 14 and 21 to smoke.98
In
its decision, the court stated “the
advertising specifically targets risk-
taking, rebellious youths”99
and found
that PMI’s argument that the purpose
of “Be Marlboro” advertising is to
encourage adult smokers to switch
to Marlboro cigarettes was not
credible based on the fact that “there
is already a high degree of brand
loyalty in this group of persons.”100
Shortly after the ruling, PMI indicated
it would challenge the decision101
and asked the court to allow the “Be
Marlboro” campaign to continue
while the case was being litigated.102
Don’t Be Marlboro—
Court Rulings and
Legal Challenges
Germany bans MarlboroMaybe, cigarette ads
Authorities banned a controversialadvertising campaign by Americantobacco giant Marlboro in Germanyon Wednesday, claiming it was too fo-cused on getting young people to startsmoking.
The court denied PMI’s request,
stating that “the public interest in
the protection of youths and health
outweighs the economic interests of
[PMI] in continuing the campaign.”103
Therefore, the ban on the “Be
Marlboro” advertising campaign will
remain in place while the case is being
litigated.104
20. 18
Colombia: In January 2014,
Corporate Accountability
International mobilized
advocates to file consumer
complaints calling on the
Colombian Superintendent of
Industry and Commerce to issue
a restraining order banning
PMI and its advertising agency,
Leo Burnett, from conducting
“Be Marlboro” promotional
and advertising activities in
the country. The complaints
also call on the Superintendent
to investigate and sanction
the companies for violating
Colombia’s tobacco advertising
ban. To date, the Colombian
government has not responded
to the complaints.
Online commercial from Colombia features
young attractive models and slogans like
“Fuck Maybe,” “Maybe never wrote a song,”
“Maybe never changed the world” and
“Maybe isn’t in our dictionary.105
Don’t Be Marlboro—
Court Rulings and
Legal Challenges (cont.)
21. 19
“Maybe I will be independent.” POS display, Brazil 2014. Source: ACT Brazil.
Switzerland: After “Be
Marlboro” was launched in
Switzerland in May 2012,
the Swiss tobacco control
organization OxyRomandie
filed three separate complaints
related to the campaign with
the self-regulatory body of the
Swiss advertising industry, the
Swiss Commission for Fairness
in Commercial Communication.
OxyRomandie’s complaints
to the commission assert that
“Be Marlboro” advertising
and marketing events violate
the commission’s advertising
code and urge the commission
to enforce the code against its
member company PMI.106
To
date, the industry-sponsored
oversight commission has yet to
respond to the complaints.
Brazil: Consumers from the city
of São Paulo filed a complaint
with CONAR (national
council of advertising self-
regulation), a non-governmental
organization with which PMI
and other tobacco companies
are affiliated, arguing that a “Be
Marlboro” poster violated the
Brazilian Advertising Self-
Regulation Code. The consumer
complaint asserted that a
“Be Marlboro” poster linked
tobacco product consumption
to freedom, independence
Don’t Be Marlboro—
Court Rulings and
Legal Challenges (cont.)
and well-being, and targeted
a youth audience. The poster
featured the phrase “I will
be independent” and a photo
suggesting a young man
moving to another house. The
CONAR counselors for the case
agreed that the advertisement
violated the advertising code.
PMI appealed the case, but a
panel upheld the decision.107
Additionally, a Brazilian public
prosecutor recently demanded
PMI and Souza Cruz, a BAT
subsidiary, remove all POS ads,
citing the existing federal law banning
tobacco advertising. To date, despite
CONAR’s ruling and the public
prosecutors order, the “Be Marlboro”
campaign is still running in Brazil.
22. 20
Conclusion
and
Call to Action
PMI’s Code of Conduct promises
parents, regulators and the public that
the company will not market cigarettes
to minors, including the use of images
and content with particular appeal
to minors.108
Yet the information
presented in this report coupled with
the court ruling in Germany, which
found that PMI’s campaign targeted
Germans as young as 14 years of age,
show that “Be Marlboro” represents a
sophisticated global business strategy
aimed at targeting teenagers.
The “Be Marlboro” campaign
also demonstrates that partial
tobacco advertising, promotion and
sponsorship bans and voluntary
marketing regulations are not effective
in preventing the tobacco industry
from targeting youth.
Considering the egregious nature of
PMI’s “Be Marlboro” campaign and
the fact that the campaign threatens
the health of millions of teenagers
across the world, the Alliance for
the Control of Tobacco Use (ACT
Brazil), Campaign for Tobacco-
Free Kids, Corporate Accountability
International, InterAmerican Heart
Foundation, Framework Convention
Alliance and Southeast Asia Tobacco
Control Alliance call on PMI to:
• immediately end all “Be Marlboro”
marketing activities, and
• immediately publish a detailed
description of “Be Marlboro”
marketing activities by country
on its corporate website so that
governments and public health
organizations can make an
assessment of the damage caused
by PMI’s activities.
Governments should act now
to prevent PMI and other tobacco
companies from pursuing similar
youth marketing activities in the
future. Parties to the FCTC should
fully implement Article 13 of the
treaty, which requires them, in
accordance with their constitutions
and constitutional principles, to
undertake a comprehensive ban of
all tobacco advertising, promotion
and sponsorship within five years of
the treaty’s entry into force in their
country.
Philip Morris International. The PMI Code of Conduct.109
Philip Morris International
Code of Conduct
PMI’s marketing practices are designed to communicate
our brands’ qualities and characteristics to adult users
of tobacco products.
Our marketing practices are guided by three
fundamental principles:
• We do not and will not market our products to
minors, including the use of images and content
with particular appeal to minors;
• Our marketing must contain health warnings
whether mandated by Governments or not; and
• Our marketing must respect our global standards
of decency as well as the local culture, practices
and traditions prevailing in each market.
PMI must market and promote its products only in
ways that respect the status of minors, avoiding any
marketing activity that might take advantage of a
minor’s limited ability to process information and make
rational choices.
23. 21
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26. For more information on global tobacco issues visit:
Alliance for the Control of Tobacco Use (ACT Brazil) (www.actbr.org.br)
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids (www.tobaccofreekids.org)
Corporate Accountability International (www.stopcorporateabuse.org)
Framework Convention Alliance (www.fctc.org)
InterAmerican Heart Foundation (www.interamericanheart.org)
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance (http://seatca.org)
Published March 2014 Design by ParrillaDesignWorkshop.com
Developed by
Alliance for the Control of Tobacco Use (ACT Brazil)
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids
Corporate Accountability International
Framework Convention Alliance
InterAmerican Heart Foundation
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance
Maybe You’re the Target:
New Global Marlboro Campaign
Found to Target Teens
YOU’RE THE TARGETNew Global Marlboro Campaign Found to Target Teens
MAYBE
BUILDING SUPPORT FOR TOBACCO CONTROL
A L L I A N C E
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